U.S. Annexation of Hawaii by Vivek Malik https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk Was the U.S. annexation of Hawaii motivated by realism or idealism? en-us 2023-05-30 15:24:55 UTC 2023-06-05 12:57:39 UTC hello@padlet.com https://images.fineartamerica.com/images/artworkimages/mediumlarge/1/hawaiian-annexation-1897-granger.jpg U.S. Annexation of Hawaii ladams166 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2609291673 "The Hawaiian pear is fully ripe and this is the golden hour for the United States to pluck it."

— John L. Stevens, U.S. Minister to Hawaii, in a dispatch to Secretary of State John W. Foster, February 1893]]> 2023-05-30 15:29:49 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2609291673 Motives for Intervention vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2611966294 Another reason for annexation was the desire to spread Christianity and American ideals to Hawaii's people. During the Age of Imperialism, one of the main motivations was the ability to "Christianize and Civilize" non-white peoples

Finally, Hawaii's location was also key for a military base and a fuel stop for ships traveling through the Pacific Ocean. Hawaii's location made it crucial for protecting the United States from Pacific enemies like Japan. ]]> 2023-06-01 15:41:37 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2611966294 Foreign Powers vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2611967435 Uniquely, there was a limited response regarding the U.S. annexation of Hawaii from foreign powers like Great Britain, France, and Japan. These countries did not have a vested interest in Hawaii and did not actively support or oppose annexation. They were more focused on their own imperial pursuits in Southeast Asia and Africa.]]> 2023-06-01 15:42:45 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2611967435 Foreign Policy Tactics vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2611967867 The main motivation behind Hawaii's annexation was the Dollar Diplomacy policy. American planters and businesses had been living in Hawaii for decades and controlled both Hawaii's economy and government. Annexing Hawaii would create lots of economic opportunities for Americans both in Hawaii and on the mainland.]]> 2023-06-01 15:43:10 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2611967867 Realism or Idealism? vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2611968247 Hawaii's annexation was motivated by realism. 

The United States essentially had complete control of the Islands since: 
  • American planters had infiltrated the government
  • Queen Liliuokalani had been overthrown
  • Americans controlled Hawaii's critical sugarcane industry.
]]> 2023-06-01 15:43:34 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2611968247 Motives for Intervention vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2613290831 The main reason for the United States' annexation of Hawaii was economic gain.

White American planters set up large and successful sugarcane and pineapple plantations on Hawaii's land. Hawaii's economy became entirely dependent on American plantations. 

Annexing Hawaii would provide American business owners with complete access to the island's resources and industries.]]> 2023-06-02 23:01:46 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2613290831 Foreign Policy Tactics: Big Stick Diplomacy vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614119227 Primarily used by Theodore Roosevelt, "Big Stick" Diplomacy referred to acting aggressively and using force in order to achieve foreign policy objectives. ]]> 2023-06-04 20:46:27 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614119227 Foreign Policy Tactics: Dollar Diplomacy vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614120290 Foreign policy viewed through the lens of the economic sector: Protecting American trade and investment. ]]> 2023-06-04 20:49:21 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614120290 Foreign Policy Tactics: Moral Diplomacy vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614123192 Used by Woodrow Wilson, "Moral Diplomacy" entailed that the United States should use its power to aid “the development of constitutional liberty in the world,” by centering its foreign policy equally on “human rights,
national integrity, and opportunity, as against national interests.”]]> 2023-06-04 20:57:09 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614123192 Realism vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614125882 In the words of President Taft, in his final annual message to Congress in 1912:

"The tremendous growth of the export trade of the United States has already made that trade a very real factor in the industrial and commercial prosperity of the country."

"Our foreign policies are based upon an intelligent grasp of present-day world conditions and a clear view of the potentialities of the future,"]]> 2023-06-04 21:03:38 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614125882 Realism vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614127020 The economic opportunity in Hawaii was certainly real. 

At it's peak, 99% of Hawaiian exports were American sugar crops. 

Furthermore, Hawaii offered a location for a critical military base which would help protect Americas west coast from enemies in the pacific, namely Japan. ]]> 2023-06-04 21:06:58 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614127020 Background Information vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614129769 By the late 1800s, Hawaii was a great American economic asset
  • Sugarcane and pineapple
  • White planters controlled the industry

Liliuokalani became queen of Hawaii in 1891. White planters refused to accept her rule and called on the American government for assistance to overthrow her.

- Hawaii was finally annexed on July 7, 1898.
]]> 2023-06-04 21:15:04 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614129769 Liliuokalani v. The United States vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614132952 "[In 1893, the Queen] yielded her authority by . . . abdicating the throne . . . the crown lands became like other lands, the property of the sovereignty, and on the annexation of the islands, passed to the United States as part of the public domain."

—Decision on the legality of the annexation of Hawaii, by the U.S. Claims Court, Liliuokalani v. The United States, May 16, 1910]]> 2023-06-04 21:24:28 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614132952 The Queen Abdicates the Throne vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614275080 "Now, to avoid any collision of armed forces and perhaps the loss of life, I do, under this protest and impelled by said force, yield my authority until such time as the Government of the United States shall, upon the facts being presented to it, undo the action of its representative and reinstate me and the authority which I claim as the constitutional sovereign of the Hawaiian Islands.

—Queen Liliuokalani, Protest of the Queen, January 1893]]> 2023-06-05 02:07:43 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614275080 Hawaii vmalik5 https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614778733 2023-06-05 12:57:32 UTC https://padlet.com/vmalik5/9f4m7em7kbwg3yzk/wish/2614778733