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      <title>Deutsch 2 by Samantha He</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4</link>
      <description></description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2017-02-14 13:51:01 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2023-02-11 07:35:10 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
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         <title>German Adjective Endings </title>
         <author>zhe13</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/155344459</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><a href="http://www.fluentu.com/german/blog/german-adjective-endings-practice/">http://www.fluentu.com/german/blog/german-adjective-endings-practice/</a><br>The adjective endings are definitely another 'evil' part of German learning and I found this link explains how to get this right in two steps.<br><strong>1. Determain the articles</strong></div><ul><li>Indefinite Articles (ein), Possessive pronouns (mein/dein), Negation pronouns (kein)</li><li>Definite Articles (der/die/das/die.pl./dies../jed../welch..etc.)</li></ul><div><strong>2. Find the correct endings for the adj.</strong></div><ul><li>Strong ending rules for 'ein', 'mein/dein', 'kein'... <strong>+adj</strong></li></ul><div>.              Masc.   Fem.   Neut.</div><div>Nom:      <strong><em>-er        -e         -es</em></strong></div><div>Akk:        <strong><em>-en        -e         -es</em></strong></div><div>Dat:        <strong><em>-en       -en        -en</em></strong></div><ul><li> Weak ending rules for 'der/die/das'...+<strong>adj</strong></li></ul><div>                Masc.   Fem.    Neut.</div><div>Nom:     <em>  </em><strong><em>-e         -e        -e</em></strong></div><div>Akk:        <strong><em>-en        -e         -e</em></strong></div><div>Dat:         <strong><em>-en      -en     -en<br></em></strong><br></div><div>PS: Pay attention to the noun's <strong>gender </strong>and <strong>case. </strong>(Genitive has not been included)<br><br><strong>e.g. Meine neue Freundin trägt keine blaue Jeans, nur Kleider.</strong><br>1.Mein<strong>e </strong>(possessive pro.) neu<strong>e </strong>(Nom, Fem, Strong ending) Freudin  trägt (+ Akk.) kein<strong>e</strong> (Negation pro.)blau<strong>e</strong> (Akk, Fem, Strong ending)Jeans, nur Kleider.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2017-02-22 02:06:16 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/155344459</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Sentence Structure - Subordinate Clauses</title>
         <author>zhe13</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/158522156</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br>So, new rules for constructing a German sentence.  To be honest, I had no idea what this is at beginning. I was even confused about what 'subordinate clause' means in grammar. So I found this page explains what 'clause' is: <a href="http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/clause.htm">http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/clause.htm</a><br><br>So the subordinate clause is basically as same as the dependent clause that needs support from the main clause and in this case, it has something to do with conjunction words. So far, we have looked through basic conjunctions like <strong><em>und, aber, oder, </em></strong>etc.  <br><br>And then, here comes the conjunctions work with subordinate clauses: <strong><em>weil, dass, wenn, um...zu... </em></strong>In most cases, there would be a comma used to distinguish the main clause and the subordinate clause in a sentence. And the conjunction word would be right after the comma. And also, the conjugation (used to be in the second position) moves to the very end. Details at this Youtube link: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uqDzHAO2HVA">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uqDzHAO2HVA</a><br>e.g. <br>'Die junge Frau geht in die küche, <strong><em>weil</em></strong> sie Wasser trinken <strong><em>will</em></strong><em>.'</em><br>This sentence could be changed to<br> '<strong><em>Weil</em></strong> die junge Frau Wasser trinken<strong><em> will</em></strong>, geht sie in die küche.'<br>Notice:<br>1. If the position of the main clause were swapped with the subordinate clause's, the word order would be <strong><em>verb-subject-others. </em></strong>In this example, it's 'Geht sie in die küche' instead of 'Sie geht in die küche'.<br>2. Even if they're swapped, their functions stay same, the main clause is still the independent one.<br><br>A bit extension:<br>When you apply multi-conjunctions into one sentence:<br>Die junge Frau trinkt Wasser, <strong>weil </strong>sie durstig <strong>ist </strong><strong><em>und</em></strong> Zeit hat.<em>(</em><strong><em>'Und'</em></strong> connects two subordinate clauses)<br>Die junge Frau trinkt Wasser,<strong> weil </strong>sie durstig <strong>ist</strong><em>,</em> <strong><em>und</em></strong> geht dann arbeiten.(<strong><em>'Und'</em></strong> connects the main clauses)</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2017-03-07 23:01:01 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/158522156</guid>
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         <title>Personal Pronouns (Dative)</title>
         <author>zhe13</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/165626571</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><a href="https://youtu.be/uoEwlH9XgZ0">https://youtu.be/uoEwlH9XgZ0</a><br>So, first thing first, there is the list I need to remember - the<strong> Dative form</strong> of personal pronouns.<br><br><strong>NOM➡️DAT</strong><br>ich➡️mir<br>du ➡️dir<br>er ➡️ihm<br>sie ➡️ihr<br>es ➡️ihm<br>wir ➡️uns<br>ihr ➡️euch (you, pl.)<br>sie ➡️ihnen<br>Sie ➡️Ihnen (you, f.)<br><br><strong>IN WHICH CASE WE NEED TO USE DAT...<br></strong>1. when the pron. is not the direct object [in a sentence]<br>2. after the dative prepositions [i.e. Ich spreche mit ihm]<strong><br></strong>3. after <strong>the dative verbs</strong></div><ul><li> helfen (to help) [i.e. <strong>Hilfst</strong> du <strong>mir</strong>?]</li><li>gefallen (to please) [i.e. Dieser Mantel <strong>gefällt mir</strong> nicht.]</li><li>geben (to give) [i.e. Ich <strong>gebe dir </strong>das buch]</li><li>sagen (to say)</li></ul><div>         [i.e. 1.Ihr könnt <strong>mir</strong> alles <strong>sagen.</strong> (You can say to me.)]<br>         [i.e. 2.<strong> Ihr</strong> kann ich alles <strong>sagen.</strong>(I can say to her)]</div><ul><li>zeigen (to show) [i.e. Der nette Polizist <strong>zeigt Ihnen</strong> den Weg.]</li><li>glauben (to believe) [i.e. Ich <strong>glaube ihm</strong>]</li><li>antworten (to answer) [i.e. Ich <strong>antworte ihr</strong>]</li></ul><div>4. Others:</div><ul><li> Wie geht es/ Wie geht's + dative pron. </li></ul><div>          [i.e. wie geht's <strong>Ihnen</strong>?] </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2017-04-10 09:11:13 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/165626571</guid>
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         <title>Past Tense (der Perfekt)</title>
         <author>zhe13</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/165631271</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Except remembering the changing rules of verbs, it's also important to put them in practice, so there's handout with grammar conclusion and some exercises.<br><a href="http://www.nthuleen.com/teach/grammar/perfektexpl.html">http://www.nthuleen.com/teach/grammar/perfektexpl.html</a><br><br><strong>Changing rules</strong><br>1. Regular/<strong>weak verbs</strong></div><ul><li> <strong>ge...t</strong> [i.e. spielen - <strong>ge</strong>spiel<strong>t</strong>; machen - <strong>ge</strong>mach<strong>t</strong>]</li><li><strong>...t</strong> (v. end in <em>-ieren</em>) [i.e. studieren - studier<strong>t</strong>; reparieren - reparier<strong>t</strong>]</li></ul><div>2. Irregular/<strong>strong verbs</strong></div><ul><li> <strong>ge...en</strong> [i.e. singen - <strong>ge</strong>s<strong>u</strong>ng<strong>en</strong>;fliegen - g<strong>e</strong>fl<strong>o</strong>g<strong>en</strong>; geben - <strong>ge</strong>geb<strong>en </strong>]</li></ul><div>3. verbs with<strong> inseparable prefixes</strong></div><ul><li><strong>pre...t/en</strong> [i.e. <strong>be</strong>suchen - besuch<strong>t</strong>; <strong>ver</strong>kaufen - verkauf<strong>t</strong>; <strong>be</strong>kommen - bekomm<strong>en</strong>]</li></ul><div>4. verbs with <strong>separable prefix</strong></div><ul><li><strong>pre+ge...t/en</strong> [i.e.<strong> auf</strong>räumen - auf<strong>ge</strong>räum<strong>t</strong>;<strong> an</strong>rufen - an<strong>ge</strong>ruf<strong>en</strong>]</li></ul><div>5." haben", "sein" &amp; modal v.</div><ul><li>haben - hatte</li><li>sein - war</li><li>müssen - musste</li><li>können - konnte</li><li>wollen - wollte</li></ul><div><br></div><div><strong> "haben"&amp;"sein"+Perfekt<br>1. haben </strong></div><ul><li> v. with an accusative object [i.e. Sie <strong>hat</strong> eine Tasse Kaffee mit Milch <strong>getrunken.</strong>]</li><li> reflexive v.</li></ul><div><strong>2. sein</strong></div><ul><li>v. indicate a <strong>movement</strong> [ i.e. Ich <strong>bin</strong> nach Milwaukee <strong>gefahren</strong>]</li><li>v. indicates a <strong>transition/change of condition</strong>  [i.e. sterben (to die) - <strong>ge</strong>st<strong>o</strong>rb<strong>en</strong>; einschlafen(to fall asleep) - <strong>einge</strong>schlaf<strong>en</strong>]</li><li>v. "bleiben(to stay)"; "passieren(to happen)" [i.e. Das <strong>war passiert.</strong>]</li></ul>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2017-04-10 09:51:43 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/165631271</guid>
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         <title>German Grammars - the Change of German articles</title>
         <author>zhe13</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/170378418</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Even though I understand the principles of articles, it's still hard to remember all of them.<br><br>So one day I saw this picture that summarizes them perfectly (Sorry I couldn't find the original post.)<br><br></div><div>so the <strong>MNFP</strong> in the picture indicates genders and <strong>NADG </strong>refers to cases.  For example, the firt block on the left top means the masculine noun in the nominative case is represented by 'der'<br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2017-05-07 18:23:27 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/170378418</guid>
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         <title>Body Parts - German Body Parts featuring Mr. Potato Head (Deutsche Körperteile mit Herrn Kartoffelkopf)</title>
         <author>zhe13</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/170379555</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><a href="https://youtu.be/fDmiorPVmtg">https://youtu.be/fDmiorPVmtg</a><br>This is a video explains body parts in German.  Instead of giving an endless list, it shows body parts by constructing Mr. Potato Head and it subtitled in both German and English!<br><br>These are the sentences about body parts I felt helpful:<br>1. Ohne einen <strong>Mund</strong> kann ich nicht gut sprechen. (der Mund - die Münder)<br>2. Ich brauche mehr als einen<strong> Kopf</strong>.(der Kopf - die Köpfe)<br>3. Jetzt habe ich <strong>Beine</strong> une <strong>Füße</strong>. (der Fuß - die Füße; das Bein - die Beine)<br>4. Mit meinen <strong>Augen</strong> kann ich sehen. (das Auge - die Augen)<br>5. Mit meinen <strong>Ohren</strong> kann ich hören. (das Ohr - die Ohren)<br>6. Das ist meine <strong>Nase</strong>. (die Nase - die Nasen)<br>7. Aber es wäre besser, wenn ich zwei <strong>Arme</strong> hätte. (der Arm - die Arme)<br>8. Ich habe einen <strong>Oberlippenbart</strong> (mustache). (der Oberlippenbart)<br>9. Ich habe keine<strong> Schultern </strong>(shoulders). (die Schulter - die Schultern)<br>10. Hier ist meine <strong>Stirn</strong> (forehead). (die Stirn - die Stirnen)<br>11. Ich habe kein<strong> Kinn </strong>(chin). (das Kinn - die Kinne)<br><br>Other sentences:<br>1. Das ist viel besser. (That is much better.)<br>2. Wir ihr seht...(as you can see...)<br>3. Jetzt bin ich fast komplett. (Now I am almost complete.)<br>4. Ich brauche nur ein paar andere Dinge. (I need a few other things.)<br>5. Es soll hier sein.(It should be here.)<br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2017-05-07 18:40:25 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/170379555</guid>
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         <title>Reading - Der Kleine Prinz</title>
         <author>zhe13</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/170556282</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Compared to reciting a glossary list, I personally prefer working on reading materials. Through the process of reading, I got a chance to know more words, also the way of how they work with others and how to compose a complete sentence. Most literature is definitely too challenging for me, so I decided to start with a simple one. <br>And I found this website contains some stories for children that suits beginners:<br><a href="http://gute-nacht-geschichten.com/kindergeschichten/">http://gute-nacht-geschichten.com/kindergeschichten/</a><br><br>Have read the first paragraph only, but I would keep working on it.:)<br><strong>Paragraph:</strong><br>Als ich sechs Jahre alt war, <strong>sah</strong> ich einmal in einem Buch <strong>über den Urwald</strong>, das <strong>Erlebte Geschichten hieß</strong>,<strong> ein prächtiges Bild. </strong>Es stellte <strong>eine Riesenschlange</strong> dar, wie sie <strong>ein Wildtier</strong> <strong>verschlang.</strong></div><div><strong>Vokabular:</strong><br>sah (saw)<br>über den Urwald (about the jungle)<br>erlebte (experienced)<br>die Geschichten (stories)<br>hieß (named)<br>ein prächtiges Bild (a splendid picture)</div><div>Es stellt...dar (it represents...)<br>eine Riesenschlange (a constricter)<br>das Wildtier (wild animal)<br>verschlang (swallowed)</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2017-05-08 16:19:09 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/170556282</guid>
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         <title>Imperative</title>
         <author>zhe13</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/170975800</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Just took a look at this semester and realised I didn't pay much attention to the<em> Imperativ </em>and kinda forgot its principles. So this is a revision of the Imperative form. Apart from the points from the textbook, this is the website I found: <a href="https://deutsch.lingolia.com/en/grammar/verbs/imperative">https://deutsch.lingolia.com/en/grammar/verbs/imperative</a><br><br><strong>Descriptions &amp; Rules:</strong><br><strong><em>1.</em></strong><strong>Imperative Form </strong>is used to give orders or instructions<br>2. Normally for 2ed person expression - formal (<strong>Sie</strong>)&amp; informal(<strong>du, ihr</strong>)<br>3. Sometimes for 1st person plural&nbsp; - <strong>Wir</strong><br><br><strong>The given example:</strong></div><div>Fahrgast: Halten Sie! (halten, to stop)</div><div>Fahrer: Steigen Sie ein! (einsteigen, to get in)</div><div>Fahrgast: Fahren Sie mich bitte zum Bahnhof!</div><div>Fahrer: Schnallen Sie sich bitte an! (anschnallen, to belt on)</div><div>Fahrgast: Fahren wir!&nbsp;</div><div><br>PS: 'bitte' is used to be more polite: Schnallen Sie sich bitte an!<br><br></div><div><strong>Construction:</strong><br>1.verb (infinitive) + Pronouns</div><ul><li>2nd person (formal - Sie):&nbsp; verb (infinitive) + 'Sie' [i.e. Halten Sie! - You! Stop!]</li><li>1st person (plural - Wir): verb (infinitive) + 'wir' [i.e. Fahren wir! Let's go!]</li><li>3rd person (plural -sie): verb (infinitive) + 'sie' [i.e. Halten sie! Stop them!]</li></ul><div>2. verb (changed form)+ Pronouns</div><ul><li>2nd person (informal - du): verb (changed) [i.e.Halte! - Stop!]</li><li>2ed person(informal, pl. - ihr): verb (changed) [i.e. Haltet! - Stop!]</li></ul><div><br></div><div><strong>How</strong> to change a verb into imperative form - 2ed person singular (informal - <strong>du</strong>)<br>1.The root vowel&nbsp;</div><ul><li>change from 'e' to 'i'/'ie'[i.e. Lies! (lesen)]</li><li>no change from 'a' to 'ä' [i.e. (du) Fahr! (fahren: du fährst)]</li></ul><div>2. the stem ends in a<strong> 'd'/'t' + 'e'</strong> [i.e. Warte! (war<strong>t</strong>en); Halte! (hal<strong>t</strong>en)]<br>3. the stem ends in '<strong>consonant + m/n' + 'e' </strong>[i.e. At<strong>m</strong>e! (at<strong>m</strong>en); Zeich<strong>n</strong>e! (zeich<strong>n</strong>en)]<br>- exceptions: when the consonant is an 'm', 'n', 'l', 'r' or 'h' (but not 'ch').[ i.e. Schwim<strong>m</strong>! (schiwim<strong>m</strong>en)/Ler<strong>n</strong>(ler<strong>n</strong>en)!]<br>4. the verb ends in<strong> 'eln'/' ern': </strong>eliminate 'n' and<strong> + 'e'</strong>.[Angle! (ang<strong>eln,</strong> to fish); Fei<strong>re</strong>! (fei<strong>ern</strong>; to celebrate)]<br>- The 'e' of 'eln'/'ern' can be left off: angeln➡️ang(e)ln➡️angl'n'➡️angle</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2017-05-10 11:24:32 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/zhe13/9cwqgapuyyu4/wish/170975800</guid>
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