Digestive System by Rachenely Sanchez Guerrero

1. Alimentary Canal

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long, muscular tube that begins at the mouth and includes the mouth (oral cavity), pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus

2. Anus

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narrow canal (anal canal), opens at a hole where final waste product of the digestive process is expelled through this opening

3. Colon

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several colons, ascending colon(continues up on the right side of the body from the cecum to the lower part of the liver), transverse colon (extends across the abdomen, below the liver and stomach and above the small intestine), descending colon(extends down the left side of the body), sigmoid colon(an s-shaped section that joins with the rectum), longest part of the long intestine

4. Digestive System

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AKA gastrointestinal system, responsible for the physical and chemical breakdown of food so that it can be taken into the blood stream and used by the body cells and tissues

5. Duodenum

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the first 9-10 inches of the small intestine

6. Esophogus

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the muscular tube dorsal to the trachea, receives the bolus form the pharynx and carries the bolus to the stomach

7. Gall bladder

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small, muscular sac located under the liver and attached to it by connective tissue, it stores and concentrates bile, which it receives from the liver

8. Hard Palate

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bony structure that forms the roof of the mouth and separates the mouth from the nasal cavities

9. Ileum

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the final 12 ft of the small intestine, it connects with the large intestine at the cecum

10. Jejunum

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approximately 8ft in length and forms the middle section of the small intestine

11. Large intestine

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the final section of the alimentary canal, it is approximately 5ft in length and 2in in diameter, functions include absorption of water and any remaining nutrients; storage of indigestible materials

12. Liver

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Largest gland in the body and is an accessory organ to the digestive system. Located under the diaphragm and in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen

13. Mouth

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also called the buccal cavity, receives food as it enters the body

14. Pancreas

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a glandular organ located behind the stomach, produces pancreatic juices, which contain enzymes to digest food

15. Peristalsis

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rhythmic, wavelike, involuntary movement of its muscles, to move the food in a forward direction

16. Pharynx

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throat, tube that carries the air and food, carries air into the trachea, or windpipe, and food to the esphogus

17. Rectum

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the final 6-8 inches of the large intestine and is a storage area for indigestible and wastes

18. Salivary gland

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3 pairs, parotid, sublingual, and submandibular, produce a liquid called saliva

19. Small intestine

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coiled section of the alimentary canal. It is approximately 20ft in length and 1in in diameter, it is divided into three sections, the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum

20. Soft Palate

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separates the mouth from the nasopharynx

21. Stomach

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an enlarged part of the alimentary canal, receives the food from the esophagus

22. Teeth

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special structures in the mouth that physically break down food by chewing and grinding

23. Tongue

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muscular organ that contains special receptors called taste buds

24. Vermiform Appendix

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a small projection in the cecum

25. Villi

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walls of the small intestine lined with fingerlike projections; contain blood capillaries and lacteals