ICT - Group (G/C/K) by Geo-Patrick Lewis https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk Unit 2 activity 1 en-us 2018-09-26 18:58:30 UTC 2025-02-14 18:28:47 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Folder.png 2. What are the main components of an operating system and what are their respective functions? neguskimarley https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286221412  Kernel: the kernel provides the most basic level of control over all of the computer's hardware devices. 
 Program execution: The operating system provides an interface between an application program and the computer hardware, so that an application program can interact with the hardware.
 Interrupts are central to operating systems, as they provide an efficient way for the operating system to interact with and react to its environment. Interrupts provide a computer with a way of automatically saving local register contexts, and running specific code in response to events. 

 Graphical user interface: Most of the modern computer systems support graphical user interfaces (GUI). Graphical user interfaces evolve over time. For example, Windows has modified its user interface almost every time a new major version of Windows is released, and the Mac OS GUI changed dramatically with the introduction of Mac OS X in 1999.
 
 SECURITY:   If a computer systems has several individuals and enables the simultaneous operation of multiple processes, then the numerous processes have to be secured from each other’s activities. A computer system being safe and secure depends upon a variety of technologies working effectively.

USER INTERFACE-  It is everything created into an information device with which an individual might interact. The user interface is generally described as a shell and is vital if human communication is to be supported. 






]]> 2018-09-26 19:02:58 UTC https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286221412 1. What are the different types of operating systems? chevonbc https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286225042
Operating Systems 

  • Microsoft Windows® 
  • Mac OS®
  • Linux
  • Apple ios
  • Android 
  • Black Berry

Types
GUI - Short for Graphical User Interface, a GUI operating system contains graphics and icons and is commonly navigated by using a computer mouse. 

Multi-user - A multi-user operating system allows for multiple users to use the same computer at the same time and different times.

Multiprocessing - An operating system capable of supporting and utilizing more than one computer processor. 

Multitasking - An operating system that is capable of allowing multiple software processes to run at the same time. 


Multithreading - Operating systems that allow different parts of a software program to run concurrently. 


]]> 2018-09-26 19:10:50 UTC https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286225042 5. What are some of the significant trends in operating systems design, especially as it relates to user interface? geopatricklewis https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286225687 Significant trends in OS design include: 
*touchscreen control
* minicomputers and mainframes for networked desktop systems 
* personal computer 
*batch systems - offline interactions, does not interact with the computer directly,  PUNCH CARDS ARE USED by users and handed to the computer operator
* Time-sharing operating systems - people at different points are able to use the same system.
*Distributed operating System - multiple central processors to serve multiple real-time applications and multiple users. 

___________________________________

An operating system is a software that provides services for application programs and users, by connecting the user space applications with the underlying hardware
An Operating Systems job is to control all the computer's resources and provide a base upon which the application programs can be written. 

]]> 2018-09-26 19:12:17 UTC https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286225687 4. Outline how an operating system is loaded for functionality of a computer system neguskimarley https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286232344  
The process of loading the operating system into memory is called bootstrapping, or booting the system.  The bootstrap loader is a small program that has a single function: It loads the operating system into memory and allows it to begin operation. 

]]> 2018-09-26 19:27:25 UTC https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286232344 3. Define common terms that are associated with an operating systems. chevonbc https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286238439
  1. Access token: In Microsoft System operating system, an access token contains the security credentials for a login session  and identifies the user, the user's groups, the user's privileges, and, in some cases, a particular application. 
  2. Booting: In computing, booting (also known as booting up) is the initial set of operations that a computer system performs after electrical power to the CPU is switched on or when the computer is reset. 
  3. Cache: In computer science, a cache is a component that transparently stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster. 
  4. Kernel: In computing, the kernel is a computer program that manages input/output requests from software and translates them into data processing instructions for the central processing unit and other electronic components of a computer. 
  5. Lock: In computer science, a lock or mutex (from mutual execution) is a synchronization  mechanism for enforcing limits on access to a resource in an environment where there are many threads of execution. 
  6. Mutual Exclusion: Mutual exclusion is to allow only one process at a time to access the same critical section (a part of code which accesses the critical resource). 

    

]]> 2018-09-26 19:43:06 UTC https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286238439 6. Compare general purpose and dedicated operating systems geopatricklewis https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286245861 General operating system are systems that are geared towards a wide a arrange of processes. 
Dedicated operating systems are those that have a specific function or functions]]> 2018-09-26 20:02:42 UTC https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286245861 neguskimarley https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286247377 2.]]> 2018-09-26 20:07:11 UTC https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286247377 4. neguskimarley https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286249071 2018-09-26 20:12:20 UTC https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286249071 geopatricklewis https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286257403 Chevon Brooks]]> 2018-09-26 20:27:19 UTC https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286257403 geopatricklewis https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286262374 2018-09-26 20:45:45 UTC https://padlet.com/geopatricklewis/9btc20dtt7xk/wish/286262374