SCES3373 GENERAL BIOLOGY by NADIAH BINTI RAMELI IPG-Pensyarah

WEEK 3 : The structures and functions of plant parts, The primary and secondary growth of plant, Photosynthesis including the structure and functions of leaf

ipgm4421 — 2024-09-02 04:36:34 UTC

Please state your reflection for this week's lecture. If there is any question & information about this topic, you can share it here.

Ajwa

2024-09-09 13:16:32 UTC

I understood almost everything presented in the lecture. It helped me to recall what I had previously learned in secondary school. Thanks to Ms. Nadiah for making learning about plant anatomy more interesting!

Fatihah - math 2

nurfatihahmatnor2 — 2024-09-09 13:56:10 UTC

At first, I had difficulty recalling the lesson, but thanks to this lecture, I was able to understand it better and remember what I had learned in school and at the matriculation level.

Alia

157616noralia — 2024-09-09 14:08:10 UTC

The lecture was very fun and interesting. It also helps me a lot because i gain more knowledge especially about plant anatomy and physiology

naimi- K1

2024-09-09 14:14:27 UTC

For this week's lecture, I understand how the leaf is structured to carry out photosynthesis and made me realize how efficient nature is at using resources like sunlight and carbon dioxide to produce energy. This lesson helped me appreciate the complexity of plants and how all their systems work together to keep them alive.

Zulaikha

2024-09-09 14:16:06 UTC

At first, I felt a bit confused and found it difficult to understand the lecture because I had not studied this subject for a long time. However, thanks to Ms. Nadiah for making the class more enjoyable and easier to understand.

Afrina - K2

2024-09-09 14:20:43 UTC

Thank you for the clear explanation. Now, I have a better understanding of how each part of the plant works to ensure the survival of the plant. The explanations given helped me to feel more confident in my knowledge.

Najwa

2024-09-09 14:24:32 UTC

Even though I have no background in biology, Ms. Nadiah is very dedicated to helping me understand it. The learning process is enjoyable and not too stressful and I've also gained new general knowledge. Now I have a deeper understanding of plant anatomy and physiology.

Shahirah K2

gipgp23080307 — 2024-09-09 14:27:13 UTC

Before starting the class, I really hated this topic. But due to Miss Nadiah, who is good at getting me interested in learning this topic, I think this topic is very interesting to learn.

Aina - K2

2024-09-09 14:30:01 UTC

I’ve gone from feeling unsure to being genuinely fascinated by the subject. Each class has introduced concepts in a way that made them approachable, even for someone without a biology background like me. Ms Nadiah also explained everything so well that made biology more accessible and enjoyable. Thank you for always give some clear explanation.

Syahir

2024-09-09 14:30:42 UTC

I was able to understand this topic about leaves in more depth, which said that the green color of leaves is influenced by pigment chloroplasts

Carol - K2

gipgp23083489 — 2024-09-09 15:04:14 UTC

The lecture on this topic was highly informative and essential for understanding plant biology. I also appreciated how the topic connects broader ecological implications, as photosynthesis is the foundation of energy production in ecosystems. This lecture also highlighted areas I need to focus on, such as the structures and functions of leaves. Overall, this lecture was a valuable learning experience, it was fun and interesting. Thanks to the lecturer for the clear explanation!

Puteri Qistina K2

gipgp23083924 — 2024-09-09 15:06:34 UTC

As for the lecture, I really like the way lecturer explained all of the topics in a very detailed and with an examples that make me more easier to understand about this topic. It's quite difficult for me to adapt with this topic, but I think I can understand with the guidance and explanations from lecturer in class. Thank you for a very clear explanations.

Aina azrienna k2

2024-09-09 15:07:39 UTC

At first, I was afraid if I cant understand this subject because I'm not a pure science student, but when I listened to what the lecturer explained, I was able to understand the topic that was presented even not all of it.

Syamimi-MATH 2

2024-09-09 15:12:45 UTC

At first, I did not understand what was being taught because I did not have a basic knowledge of biology. However, the techniques used by Puan Nadiah made it easy for me to understand the topic.

Haikal MATH2

2024-09-09 15:19:57 UTC

At first I had a hard time understanding this topic because I am not from the pure science stream, due to the way of explanation which is quite detailed and easy to understand, I was able to understand this topic.

Dini

2024-09-09 15:20:43 UTC

The lecture provided a clear overview of plant structures, growth, and photosynthesis. The distinction between primary and secondary growth was well-explained. The discussion about leaf function and photosynthesis also fun and interesting. Overall, I understand more about plants biology.

CHEN RUI XIN K2

2024-09-09 15:26:25 UTC

This week, I studied the structure of plants, including their tissues and organs like roots, stems, and leaves. It helps me understand how plants are built. I also learned about plant physiology, which explores how plants work, such as how they absorb water, produce food through photosynthesis, and grow. As for the lecture, it was clear and well-organized. The explanations were easy to follow, and the examples used helped in understanding the concepts better.

ikhwan matriks

2024-09-09 15:35:59 UTC

This week, I learned about plants . I found it interesting to study how plants grow and reproduce. We discussed the parts of a plant, like the roots, stems, and leafs. I also learned about photosynthesis, which is the process plants use to make glucose. The lecture helped me understand how important plants are for life on Earth. I enjoyed learning about the different types of plants and their role in the environment.

Anies matrik

2024-09-09 15:48:52 UTC

In my opinion, based on the previous class, I enjoyed learning with Mrs. Nadiah about the structure and function of plants. For me, it was easier to understand the topic than what I had learned in matriculation. I also wanted to share what I learned about pigments found in leaves, including chlorophyll a (blue-green), chlorophyll b (yellow-green), carotene (orange), and xanthophyll (yellow).photosynthesis pigment can be separated and identify using a technique called chromatohraphy.

Danish MT2

2024-09-09 15:54:57 UTC

The lecture was helpful for me to understand more about plant anatomy. Plant Anatomy refers to the study of the internal structure of plants, including the arrangement and function of tissues and organs. The lecture give me interest in learning biology and capture my curiosity about living things.

Adam MT2

2024-09-09 15:59:45 UTC

In this lecture i have explored how plants structure was designed like stem root and leaf. I also explored how the structure work.This lecture is easy to understand and fun

Nik Azim K1

2024-09-09 16:05:37 UTC

I love learning biology with Mrs. Nadiah. From what I learned today, I managed to recall back what I had already learn in Form 5 which is the photosynthesis process. By learning it, I can remember the structures and the function that involve in photosynthesis process which is the leaf. I also learn about the chemical equation of phototsynthesis along with its product which is glucose. See you next topic!

Baiiyah

2024-09-09 16:39:51 UTC

For last week's lecture, I have gained a deeper understanding of how plants work. I was particularly interested in how leaves with their special structure, carry out photosynthesis efficiently and regulate gas exchange although it is a bit difficult for me to understand because i have a hard time digesting terms in English but overall I can still catch up slowly. Thank you Miss Nadiah ;)

Amni K1

amnisalleh310 — 2024-09-09 16:54:49 UTC

This week's lecture on plant structure and function was incredibly informative. I was particularly fascinated by the intricate details of plant organs, such as the root hair system and the vascular bundles in stems. The exploration of photosynthesis, including the leaf's structure and its adaptations for efficient

Fatimah MT1

2024-09-09 18:14:49 UTC

Using my short-term memories, I can concluded that I learnt or should I say reviewed back things about plant and its anatomy! Starting from the structures of the plants, their primary and secondary growth. It takes me back to ol' school day when I was in awe that you could actually count a tree lifespan by looking at its ring, on its wood :O

Aizat

2024-09-09 22:46:19 UTC

I'm now understand better about biology.For example, leaves is the primary site of photosynthesis, where plants convert sunlight into energy. Leaves also regulate gas exchange through stomata.

Shaffuan Matriks

2024-09-09 22:48:09 UTC

In my opinion, i think there is a lot of term that we need to learn and I dont know most of the term and it difficult for me to learning biology.

AMIR DANIAL IMRAN

2024-09-09 22:56:45 UTC

In this topic, I have learnt again about plant structure and its function that I have learnt in my secondary school. It was a good recap of learning biology and it helps me to get used to biology again. Luckily, I have been through the matriculation where the biology subject is in english. So, there is no problem for me to understand the terms in biology.

FAQIHAH KAMILIA BINTI MOHAMAD FARID

2024-09-09 23:56:21 UTC

This week’s Cik Nadiah has deepened my understanding of plant anatomy and physiology. Lectures provided a solid understanding of key topics, with clear explanations and a structured approach that made complex concepts more manageable. Active participation and examples helped reinforce learning, although incorporating more interactive elements could further enhance engagement. Overall, the week was productive, contributing positively to my grasp of the subject matter.

Syazwani Husna - K2

2024-09-10 01:08:17 UTC

I enjoyed studying with Ms. Nadiah and understood what she taught about plant anatomy. This made me realize that studying biology is also one of the interesting things.

Husna Adilla K-2

2024-09-10 01:58:18 UTC

Personally i think i need to focus more in the next class because im not from science stream student before so lot of terms that i dont know and not used to it but i enjoying the class.

FARIESYA WAHEDA K2

2024-09-10 02:02:22 UTC

at first, the lecture was quite confusing for me cause i did learned about the plant anatomy back in the school days but its in malay. so it does take time for me to understand the terms and remember it back. but overall this class was so fun and understandable.

Rasyiqah K1

2024-09-10 04:18:29 UTC

The class on plant anatomy and physiology was both informative and engaging. The clear explanations and visual aids made complex topics more accessible, and the interactive activities provided a hands-on approach that reinforced learning. However, the pacing sometimes felt a bit hurried, especially for more detailed material. Overall, the class effectively connected theoretical concepts to real-world applications, making the subject matter feel relevant and interesting. The supplemental resources and timely feedback were also valuable in supporting my understanding. Thank you Miss Nadiah !!

Ain Syahirah K1

2024-09-10 04:24:51 UTC

Class with Miss Nadiah was really GREAT especially the "popcorn session" make me want to stay focus in her class. Even though i don't have any basic about biology, but I'm able to understand well in this topic. By learning about plant anatomy and physiology can be quite eye-opening. This topic is fascinating because it reveals the complexity and efficiency of how plants function. It often feels like uncovering the hidden complexities behind something we might normally overlook. For instance, understanding how plants manage water and nutrients through their vascular systems. For conclusion, I really enjoy this topic even though it seem hard to understand the things that we cannot see, but it's quite great once u had understand the flow of the structure.

p/s: Can't wait for another biology class wt. miss!!!

Auni K2

2024-09-10 07:21:34 UTC

In my opinion, the lecture was very fun and interesting. It helps me have a better understanding of how each part of the plant works to survive. The lecture helped me appreciate the complexity of plants and how all their systems work together to keep them alive. At the end, I want to give the biggest thanks to Ms Nadiah for teaching us. Thank you.

Ain Syafiqah k2

2024-09-10 07:28:20 UTC

By streaming how the Miss distribute explain about the whole topics. Sincerely I have a short because Miss do have a popcorn quiz session get make me nervous but but the positive things i be aware and be stay focus in class. I will never forget all the fun activities that include innocent class that make me the list the learning have enhanced. I especially love not how miss always explain by related the lesson to in real life example about that plant system anatomy and physiology it made is so much easier to recall the material are being tested when I do my studying .

'Be honest I cannot miss the class every single minute '

Athirah

gipgp23082822 — 2024-09-10 07:30:11 UTC

So far I have learned about plants, Photosynthesis, and much more. And what is more interesting is the way the lecturers teach us so clearly and making the class more enjoyable.

Annisa Farhani K1

2024-09-10 14:57:36 UTC

This week’s lecture on plant structures helped me reconnect with concepts I learned in secondary school and matriculation . Now , I have a clearer understanding of how plants grow and perform photosynthesis . It’s impressive to see how these systems work together so efficiently .

Amier Rasyiq K1

2024-09-11 04:48:22 UTC

Honestly I really enjoyed learning with Miss Nadiah..I managed to recall what i learned in highschool, eventhough differ in term of language. I really like how Miss explained how photosynthesis works and the function of all of those tiny parts such as the stcructure of xylem and phloem. Thank you Miss <3

Izhar Hilmi K1

2024-09-12 02:06:59 UTC

So far through the lesson, I found Miss Nadiah's class has both be thoroughly enjoyable and educational. She makes sure we have achieved an understanding of the material being taught, which I very much appreciate. Miss Nadiah also frequently includes extra bits of information regarding the topic we are studying about, which is very informative. All in all, I very much enjoyed class with her, and very sure I'll be able to achieve good grade with her teachings. XD

REFLEKSI LAWATAN AMALI

ipgm4421 — 2024-09-18 08:13:28 UTC

Tarikh : 18 September 2024

Hari : Rabu

Masa : 8.30 pagi - 1.00 petang

Tempat : Muzium Anatomi, Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan dan Makmal Sains Forensik, Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan USM

Tuliskan nama penuh dan kumpulan

CONTOH : ALI BIN ABU (K1)

Muatnaikkan 2 keping yang 5star bersama di sini

1. Berikan refleksi aktiviti lawatan ini.

2. Nyatakan dapatan lawatan

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NUR BAIIYAH BINTI CHE SULIMAN (K1)

2024-09-21 09:21:24 UTC

Melalui lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi dan Makmal Forensik, banyak manfaat yang saya perolehi. Anataranya dapat meningkatkan ilmu pengetahuan dan pemahaman dengan lebih mendalam tentang struktur tubuh manusia dan bagaimana cara forensik untuk menyelesaikan kes jenayah. Penerangan daripada penyarah juga sangat jelas dan membantu untuk memorize dengan cepat. Mendapat kesempatan untuk melihat secara langsung dan menyentuh mayat dan organ2 manusia . It is my new experience and it will be unforgettable memories. Hope to have another trip like this.
Apa yang saya dapat melalui lawatan ini:
-terdapat 3 tulang utama di bahagian kaki iaitu femur, tibia dan febula.
-perbezaan lengkungan pelvis lelaki dengan perempuan di mana lelaki berbentuk A manakala perempuan sedikit lebar.
-cecair yang digunakan untuk awet mayat ialah formalin

NUR AINA AZRIENNA BINTI MOHD AZRIN -K2

2024-09-21 11:28:03 UTC

1.Daripada lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi, Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan dan Makmal Forensik, Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan USM. Terdapat banyak manfaat telah sayaa perolehi antaranya ialah saya dapat memahami dan melihat anatomi manusia dengan lebih jelas serta memahami cara unit forensik menyelesaikan kes serta mencari bahan bukti untuk mengenali identiti penjenayah atau mangsa dengan lebih teliti.

Apa yang saya perolehi daripada lawatan ini ialah :
•paru-paru terbahagi kepada dua bahagian iaitu paru-paru kanan dan paru-paru kiri
•paru-paru kiri lebih kecil berbanding paru-paru kanan kerana jantung berada di lobus tengah paru-paru kiri berada.

-cara mudah untuk ahli forensik mencari 3d shoe & footprint ialah dengan menggunakan Plaster of Paris.

PUTERI QISTINA ADRIANA BINTI ABDUL KARIM K2

gipgp23083924 — 2024-09-21 11:39:46 UTC

Melalui lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi dan Makmal Forensik, banyak perkara baharu yang saya perolehi. Salah satu daripadanya adalah saya dapat mengetahui lebih lanjut serta jelas melalui melihat struktur anatomi yang sebenar. Saya juga berasa seronok ketika mengunjungi makmal forensik di mana mendedahkan cara-cara untuk mengetahui perbuatan jenayah. Walaupun sedikit penat, tetapi ini adalah salah satu pengalaman baharu bagi saya dan saya harap supaya pada masa akan datang, saya dapat mengikuti lawatan seperti ini lagi. 🌷

Apa yang saya dapat melalui lawatan ini:

perbezaan jenis tengkorak mengikut jantina: lelaki mempunyai bahagian kening yang lebih tinggi manakala perempuan bahagian keningnya flat (rata).
pengambilan sampel tapak kaki menggunakan POP (plaster of Paris)
epiglotis berfungsi sebagai injap bagi mengubah laluan di tekak sama ada ke esofagus atau trakea

NUR DINI BINTI MOHD SERAMAZURI K1

2024-09-21 12:14:34 UTC

1 Refleksi saya dari lawatan ke muzium anatomi dan forensik di usm, saya mendapat pengalaman berharga dan membuka minda tentang bidang anatomi Dan forensik ini. Saya sangat seronok dengan lawatan ini.

Dapatan saya dari lawatan ini ialah muzium ini menampilkan pelbagai koleksi yang berkaitan dengan anatomi manusia, termasuk model-model badan manusia, organ, dan spesimen yang diawetkan. Salah satu perkara yang paling menarik bagi saya adalah pemahaman tentang bagaimana forensik dapat membantu dalam penyelesaian kes jenayah. Saya belajar tentang teknik-teknik yang digunakan oleh pakar forensik untuk menganalisis bukti dan bagaimana mereka bekerja dengan pihak berkuasa untuk membawa keadilan.

NUR FATIHAH BINTI MAT NOR K1

nurfatihahmatnor2 — 2024-09-21 12:24:12 UTC

Melalui lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi dan Makmal Forensik, banyak perkara baharu yang saya pelajari. Antaranya, saya dapat mempelajari perkara menarik berkaitan forensik dan cara penggunaan teknologi dalam penyiasatan jenayah. Selain itu, penerangan daripada pihak forensik dan anatomi juga sangat jelas serta mudah difahami.

Apa yang saya dapat melalui lawatan ini :

1. Mengetahui cara penggunaan lampu UV untuk pengesahan pada wang kertas atau dokumen seperti kad pengenalan. Ia membantu dalam memastikan keaslian item tersebut dan mengelakkan penipuan berlaku.

2. Saya juga dapat melihat dengan jelas bagaimana bahagian tertentu wang tertentu wang kertas bersinar di bawah cahaya UV

3. Saya juga mengetahui bagaimana pegawai forensik memanfaatkan alat saintifik dalam memastikan bukti adalah sahih dan boleh dipercayai

ZULAIKHA BINTI MOHD ZULKIFLE (K2)

2024-09-21 12:28:48 UTC

1) Melalui lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi Dan Makmal Forensik ini saya mendapat banyak manfaat seperti lebih memahami struktur tubuh manusia. Saya belajar tentang struktur tubuh manusia secara lebih mendalam, termasuk mengenali organ-organ, otot, tulang dan sistem tubuh lain. Selain itu, saya juga berasa seronok kerana dapat mengetahui tentang bagaimana untuk menganalisis berbagai jenis bukti forensik seperti cap jari, DNA, kesan tapas kaki, duit dan kad pengenalan palsu dan lain-lain.

Apa yang saya dapat melalui lawatan ini:

• dapat belajar cara-cara untuk mengesan cap jari dengan menggunakan serbuk magnetic.

• dapat mencuba menggunakan peralatan yang boleh mengesan duit palsu dan juga kad pengenalan palsu.

• dapat membezakan diantara tengkorak wanita dan lelaki dengan melihat pada bahagian kening iaitu tengkorak lelaki mempunyai kening yang lebih tinggi manakala tengkorak wanita mempunyai kening yang lebih rata.

NUR SYAMIMI SYUHADA BINTI SA'ARI (K2)

2024-09-21 12:42:03 UTC

1.Melalui lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi dan Makmal Forensik di USM Kubang Kerian,terdapat banyak pengalaman dan pengetahuan yang baharu saya peroleh seperti melihat dan menyentuh organ -organ manusia yang realiti.Selain itu,sayajuga dapat mengetahui perbezaan antara tengkorak perempuan dan lelaki.Seterusnya,di makmal forensik saya juga belajar bahawa terdapat lambang di mata wang kita seperti yang saya upload diatas.

2.Apa yang saya dapat melalui lawatan ini:

-Saya dapat mengetahui perbezaan tulang pelvis antara perempuan dan lelaki iaitu bagi perempuan berbentuk D dan bagi lelaki berebntuk A.

-Saya juga dapat mengetahui bahawa untuk mengesahkan ic dan duit yang original dengan melihat dibawah sinaran uv.

-Saya juga dapat membezakan tengkorak perempuan dan lelaki melalui bhgian kening yang sedikit terangkat bagi lelaki.Selain itu,permukaan dahi perempuan lebih rata berbanding lelaki.

NUR AMNI (K1)

amnisalleh310 — 2024-09-21 12:59:31 UTC

Rekleksi dari lawatan ke muzium anatomi dan forensik di USM

-Saya dapat pengalaman berharga lebih-lebih lagi dapat memegang sampel badan manusia yang tulen.

Apa yang saya dapat dari lawatan:

Saya dapat lihat banyak perbezaan di antara tengkorak lelaki dan perempuan contohnya di tulang pelvis.

Menyakini bahawa setiap fakta yang dipelajari adalah benar seperti 4 ruang utama
Setiap tulisan manusia mempunyai ilmu dan cara untuk membezakannya
Pengesahan ic atau duit dapat dilihat melalui sinaran UV

NAIMI SYUHAIDA BINTI NOORAZLAN (K1)

2024-09-21 13:02:07 UTC

1.lawatan kali ini banyak memberi saya pengalaman yang baru dan menarik.sebagai contoh di muzium anatomi,saya dapat melihat model-model tubuh manusia dan mempelajari organ-organ dalaman.Di makmal forensik, saya berpeluang melihat bagaimana ahli forensik menggunakan bukti fizikal seperti cap jari, DNA untuk menyelesaikan kes jenayah.

2. -saya dapat melihat perbezaan tengkorak lelaki dan perempuan

-terdapat alat untuk melihat mengelakkan pemalsuan ic atau duit

-melihat dengan jelas perbezaan lalat jantan dan betina di bawah mikroskop

NOR ANIES AYUNI K1

2024-09-21 13:18:16 UTC

1.Lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi dan Makmal forensik pada 18/9/2024 menberikan pengalaman yang baik kepada saya .Di situ saya belajar tentang struktur tubuh badan manusia serta fungsi-fungsi setiap organ dan sistem.Ketika mengunjungi musium anatomi saya dapat melihat model atau spesimen sebenar yang dipelihara yang memberi gambaran tentang otot,rangka dan organ setiap manusia lelaki

mahupun perempuan.Dari lawatan ke makmal forensik saya mempelajari tentang bagaimana bukti-bukti dari tempat kejadian jenayah yang dianalisis melalui cap jari,jejak tapak kaki,dan lain-lain.

2.Nyatakan apa yang kita dapat:

-Saya dapat melihat spesimen yang original secara nyata dan boleh pegang secara fizikal seperti kerangka manusia yang spesifik perempuan dan lelaki.Selepas penerangan dari tuan,saya dapat mengingati cara membezakan lumen serviks perempuan lagi besar dari lelaki.

-saya juga dapat mengetahui bahan yang digunakan untuk mengawet mayat iaitu formalin.Dia mengambil masa sebanyak 6 bulan untuk menyiapkan spesimen.

-saya juga mempelajari bagaimana cara mengenal pasti tulisan di bahagian makmal forensik.Penerangannya adalah apabila orang mula menulis dia akan tinggalkan kesan tekanan pen/pencil berlainan dengan akhir tulisannya.

-Saya juga dapat mengetahui cara untuk menggunakan serbuk magnetik yang dijadikan sumber untuk mengesan cap jari jenayah di tempat kejadian.

SITI NUR AFRINA BINTI ABDUL RASHID (K2)

2024-09-21 13:58:29 UTC

Setelah menyertai lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi, Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan, dan Makmal Sains Forensik di Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan USM, saya berjaya mendapat pengalaman yang amat berharga. Dapat memahami dan mendalami ilmu anatomi, perubatan, serta sains forensik secara langsung. Penjelasan di sana turut memberi kefahaman yang sangat baik. Melihat aplikasi ilmu secara amali di lapangan membantu memudahkan saya mengaitkan konsep-konsep yang dipelajari dengan situasi sebenar. Saya harap lawatan sambil belajar ini dibanyakkan agar saya dapat menyertainya lagi sambil merapatkan hubungan bersama pelajar yang lain.

dapatan lawatan:

berpeluang melihat spesimen manusia dan anatomi tubuh secara terperinci serta memahami struktur tubuh manusia secara lebih mendalam berbanding hanya belajar melalui buku teks atau gambar
dapat melihat secara langsung kemajuan teknologi perubatan serta prosedur dan teknik yang digunakan dalam bidang ini. Pengalaman ini dapat menyemai rasa kagum terhadap bidang perubatan
memahami bagaimana kajian saintifik dijalankan bagi membantu dalam penyiasatan jenayah. Penggunaan teknologi forensik seperti cap jari sebagai salah satu contohnya, memberi gambaran jelas bagaimana bukti dikumpulkan dan dianalisis.
memahami proses penyiasatan yang tepat dan saintifik, sekali gus memberi pendedahan tentang kepentingan ketelitian dan keadilan dalam kes jenayah.

NURUL SHAHIRAH BINTI MOHAMED ZAMRI (K2)

gipgp23080307 — 2024-09-21 14:16:36 UTC

Berikan refleksi aktiviti lawatan ini.

Melalui lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi, saya dapat menyelami dunia anatomi manusia. Saya dapat melihat dengan lebih dekat struktur tubuh dan organ manusia yang tidak dapat saya saksikan dalam kelas biasa. Melalui lawatan ke Makmal Forensik, saya dapat mengetahui penggunaan teknologi canggih dalam penyiasatan forensik.

Nyatakan dapatan lawatan
- meningkatkan minat saya terhadap pembelajaran mengenai struktur badan manusia.
- dapat mengaitkan teori yang dipelajari di kelas dengan modul yang sebenar.
- dapat mengenal alat-alat yang digunakan dalam penyiasatan.
- melihat dan menyentuh modul tubuh manusia yang sebenar.

CAROL KOO JIA LE (K2)

gipgp23083489 — 2024-09-21 14:25:59 UTC

Lawatan amali ke Muzium Anatomi, Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan dan Makmal Sains Forensik, Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) memberikan peluang yang sangat berharga dalam memahami bidang sains perubatan dan forensik secara mendalam. Melalui pameran yang disediakan di Muzium Anatomi, saya dapat melihat dan mempelajari secara langsung struktur tubuh manusia dengan lebih jelas. Spesimen organ manusia, sistem rangka, otot, serta organ-organ penting lain memberi gambaran praktikal tentang bagaimana tubuh manusia berfungsi. Selain itu, saya juga dapat mempelajari proses penyiasatan jenayah seperti analisis DNA, cap jari, dan sebagainya yang penting dalam proses penyelesaian kes jenayah di Makmal Sains Forensik.
- mayat diawet dengan menggunakan cecair formalin
- menyentuh spesimen organ manusia
- membezakan duit dan ic original atau palsu melalui sinaran uv
- memahami struktur dan fungsi tubuh manusia dengan lebih mendalam
- mengetahui cara mengesan cap jari

Siti Nor Alia binti Shafi (K2)

2024-09-21 14:43:08 UTC

Lawatan ini memberi peluang kepada saya untuk melihat secara langsung struktur anatomi tubuh manusia di Muzium Anatomi. Selain itu, saya dapat memahami dengan lebih mendalam proses penyelidikan sains forensik di makmal yang berkenaan. Lawatan ini bukan sahaja memperkaya pengetahuan teori tetapi juga memberikan pengalaman praktikal yang sangat berguna dalam memahami bagaimana ilmu sains perubatan dan forensik diaplikasikan dalam dunia sebenar.

Saya berpeluang melihat model-model anatomi yang sangat terperinci, yang membantu dalam memperkukuhkan pengetahuan tentang struktur dalaman tubuh manusia.
Di Makmal Sains Forensik, saya diperkenalkan kepada pelbagai teknologi canggih yang digunakan dalam penyiasatan kes-kes jenayah, seperti analisis DNA dan pemeriksaan bukti fizikal.

NOOR AJWA SAFIA BINTI ZAINAL AZHAR - K2

2024-09-21 14:51:26 UTC

1. Lawatan ke USM, khususnya ke bahagian anatomi dan forensik, telah memberikan saya pengalaman yang sangat berharga. Pertama sekali, saya teruja melihat suasana akademik yang dinamik di universiti tersebut. Melangkah ke bilik anatomi, saya dapat menyaksikan peralatan dan model yang digunakan dalam pengajaran anatomi manusia. Kebanyakan model yang dipamerkan berasal daripada tubuh seorang manusia yang telah diawetkan. Ini memperlihatkan kedudukan organ-organ dalam badan manusia dengan lebih jelas. Di bahagian forensik pula, saya dapat belajar dan memahami cara untuk mengenalpasti jenayah berdasarkan demonstrasi yang ditunjukkan oleh pihak USM.

Dapatan lawatan:

Pemahaman mendalam tentang
anatomi; sebagai contoh, saya mendapat ilmu baharu tentang paru-paru manusia terbahagi kepada dua dan tiga bahagian serta terdapat perbezaan antara skull lelaki dan perempuan.
Di bahagian forensik pula, kami diberi peluang untuk melakukan aktiviti di setiap stesen. Hal ini menjadikan sesi pembelajaran amat menyeronokkan dan dapat difahami dengan mudah. Saya mendapat pengalaman baru dalam mengenalpasti id atau wang yang asli dan palsu, dna profiling, entomologi, fingerprint, tulisan dan footprint.

MUHAMMAD HAIKAL SAFWAN (K2)

2024-09-21 15:01:01 UTC

1.Melalui lawatan ke muzium anatomi dan makmal forensik banyak manfaat yang saya perolehi antaranya ialah menambah pengetahuan saya tentang sistem tubuh manusia. Selain itu, saya juga dapat meningkatkan minat saya terhadap biologi. Saya juga mendapat peluang untuk menyentuh organ ii dalaman manusia asli yang telah diawetkan. Di makmal forensik saya dapat belajar bagaimana ahli forensik menyelasaikan masalah berkaitan jenayah seperti pembunuhan dan sebagainya.

2.Dapatan daripada lawatan:

-Pemahaman mendalam tentang anatomi manusia secara lebih terperinci.

-Pendedahan tentang kes ii forensik yang nyata sebagai contoh ahli forensik dapat menganggar jangka masa seseorang yg telah mati melalui kitaran lalat yg berada pada tubuh mangsa.

-dapat mengetahui alat ii yang digunakan oleh forensik semasa melalukan penyasiatan.

SYAFEQ AZREE BIN REZWANEE-K2

2024-09-21 15:31:56 UTC

1.Melalui lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi dan Makmal Forensik di USM Kubang Kerian,banyak input dan maklumat ilmiah berjaya saya perolehi di sini.Yang pertamanya,saya dapat memahami dengan lebih teliti dan lebih lanjut mengenai anatomi manusia.Saya dapat melihat secara 'real life' mengenai tengkorak manusia,struktur hati,jantung,buah pinggang,dan sebagainya.Saya juga dapat memegang bahagian dalaman organ badan manusia yang telah diawet.

2.Di Makmal Forensik pula,saya dapat mengetahui cara ahli forensik untuk mencari 3d foot print shoes,macam mana untuk mengecam DNA mayat yang dijumpai dan lain lain.

Najwa K2

2024-09-21 16:02:52 UTC

Lawatan ke makmal anatomi dan forensik memberi peluang kepada saya untuk mempelajari struktur tubuh manusia melalui manusia sebenar, termasuk tulang, organ, dan sistem saraf. Di bahagian forensik, saya diberi penerangan tentang prosedur autopsi dan bagaimana bukti seperti cap jar digunakan dalam penyiasatan jenayah.
Beza antara pelvis perempuan & lelaki iaitu pelvis perempuan lebih lebar daripada lelaki kerana untuk menyokong kandungan
Tiga tulang utama kaki ialah Femur ,Tibia, dan Fibula.

ANNISA FARHANI (CHA) - K1

2024-09-21 16:03:41 UTC

Refleksi lawatan ke USM , khususnya ke muzium anatomi dan makmal forensik telah memberikan pengalaman yang mendalam dan berharga kepada saya .

Muzium anatomi membolehkan saya memahami struktur tubuh manusia dengan lebih jelas melalui pameran yang interaktif dan informatif. Saya terpesona dengan koleksi spesimen yang menunjukkan keunikan dan kompleksiti sistem biologi kita.

Di makmal forensik, saya mendapat gambaran tentang pentingnya sains dalam penyiasatan jenayah. Melihat alat dan teknik yang digunakan dalam analisis forensik menekankan betapa pentingnya ketepatan dan kecekapan dalam proses penyiasatan. Interaksi dengan tenaga pengajar yang berpengalaman juga membuka minda saya mengenai kerjaya dalam bidang ini.

Secara keseluruhannya, lawatan ini bukan sahaja menambah pengetahuan saya, tetapi juga meningkatkan minat saya dalam bidang sains selaku bakal guru matematik / sains . Saya berasa terinspirasi untuk mendalami lagi sains dan melihat bagaimana sains dapat digunakan untuk membantu masyarakat.

Shafiqah Aina bt Abdul Rahman (K2)

2024-09-21 16:06:45 UTC

Melalui lawatan ke USM, banyak manfaat yang saya perolehi. Antaranya ialah saya dapat menimba ilmu pengetahuan berkaitan organ2 manusia. Saya juga dapat menimba pengalaman dengan melihat dan memegang mayat secara realiti

Apa yang saya dapat melalui lawatan ini,

-saya dapat mengetahui bilangan tulang dalam manusia

-mengetahui perbezaan lengkungan pelvis antara lelaki dan perempuan

DANISH K1

2024-09-21 16:07:56 UTC

1.Saya melalui pengalaman yang sangat menarik semasa lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi, Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan dan Makmal Forensik, Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan USM. Buat pertama kali saya menceburi bidang sains dalam pelajaran saya dapat mendalami dan memahami organ organ manusia secara nyata dan mengetahui perbezaan lelaki dan perempuan secara fizikal dan organ dalaman. Selain itu, saya dapat pelajari bagaimana pihak forensik menjalankan tugas apabila berlakunya kes kes tertentu yang memerlukan forensik untuk menyelesaikan masalah.

2. -saya dapat pelajari menggunakan serbuk magnetic untuk megesan cap jari penjenayah

- saya dapat pelajari tengkorak lelaki dan perempuan berbeza di bahagian dahi iaitu lelaki mempunyai timbulan di bahagian kening manakala perempuan hanya lurus dan licin.

- bahagian anotomi mendedahkan cara membuat spesimen isitu mengawet mayat selama 6 bulan menggunakan cecair formali

- paru paru kanan dan kiri mempunyai bahagian tertentu seperti kanan mempunya tiga manakala kiri dua bahagian

AHMAD ZAFRI YUSUF

2024-09-21 17:00:18 UTC

Dapatan daripada lawatan:

-Pemahaman mendalam tentang anatomi manusia secara lebih mendalam

-rasa seronok sebab itu pertama kali saya masuk dalam makmal dan saya dapat mengetahui pelbagai jenis alat

-Pendedahan tentang kes ii forensik yang nyata sebagai contoh ahli forensik dapat menganggar jangka masa seseorang yg telah mati melalui kitaran lalat yg berada pada tubuh mangsa.

-dapat mengetahui alat ii yang digunakan oleh forensik semasa melalukan penyasiatan.

Nik Ahmad Azim K1

gipgp23081299 — 2024-09-21 20:05:50 UTC

Berdasarkan pengalaman saya semasa lawatan;

-saya didedahkan dengan pengetahuan yang baharu iaitu cara mayat diawet melalui proses embalm dan seterusnya disimpan menjadi cadevar untuk tujuan penyelidikan.

-saya dapat melihat secara nyata organ manusia yang telah diawet melalui proses embalm dan dapat melakukan perbezaan terhadap organ lelaki dan organ wanita berbantukan fasilitator yang baik.

-saya juga turut mengetahui sedikit sebanyak bagaimana pihak forensik di makmal menjejaki suspek jenayah melalui pelbagai cara yang berkaitan seperti pengecaman cap jari, pengelasan DNA dan penelitian terhadap tulisan tangan atau bercetak.

MUHAMMAD IZHAR HILMI K1

2024-09-22 06:14:02 UTC

1. Berikan refleksi aktiviti lawatan ini.

Lawatan ini memberikan saya pandangan dan membuka fikiran saya tentang bidang tugas berkaitan anatomi dan forensik. Segala ilmu yang diberikan amatlah informatif dan berinspirasi, terutama sekali kepada saya yang amat meminati sains dan pernah berhajat menjadi seorang doktor perubatan. Ini sememangnya amat berinspirasi , umpama hidup dalam mimpi yang sementara

2. Nyatakan dapatan lawatan

a. Mempelajari cara hospital atau universiti perubatan mengendalikan bahan dan isu sentitif seperti pengawetan Dan pembelajaran mayat kepada pelajar perubatan. Juga melihat tempat penyimpanan mayat dan keadaan mayat yang disimpan

b. Memperoleh pelbagai ilmu baharu tentang anatomi manusia daripada fasilitator, tentang ciri² tertentu antara jantina dan juga peralatan dan teknik digunakan dalam pengendalian mayat

c. Mempelajari pelbagai teknik dan bahagian dalam siasatan forensik tentang mana-mana satu kes, seperti melalui tulisan, cap jari dan sebagainya

d. Mengetahui bagaimana teknologi penyusunan dan pengecaman DNA digunakan dalam identifikasi susur galur dan keturunan

Chen Rui Xin

2024-09-22 17:28:38 UTC

Lawatan ini memberikan saya pengalaman pembelajaran yang amat berharga.Saya berpeluang melihat pelbagai spesimen anatomi manusia yang telah diawet. Pengalaman ini membantu saya memahami struktur badan manusia dengan lebih mendalam, serta kepentingan setiap organ dalam menjalankan fungsi tubuh. Selain itu, saya melihat bagaimana sains forensik digunakan untuk membantu menyelesaikan kes-kes jenayah. Kami diterangkan tentang pelbagai teknik analisis seperti pengesanan DNA, analisis cap jari, dan sebagainya.Ini memberi saya perspektif baru tentang peranan sains dalam pengadilan dan keadilan.Secara keseluruhannya, lawatan ini memperkaya pemahaman saya tentang pelbagai aspek bidang perubatan dan kesihatan. Ia menguatkan minat saya untuk terus mendalami bidang sains kesihatan.

Dapatan lawatan：

1. Mengetahui jenis cap jari dan cara membezakan cap jari yang tidak kelihatan pada permukaan licin

2. Mengetahui kaedah membezakan jantina menerusi tengkorak

3. Mengetahui cara membezakan lalat jantan dan betina

4. ⁠Melihat imej dan corak yang istimewa di wang kertas dan ic bawah sinaran uv

Mohammad Muhaizi Bin Mohd Suzuki

2024-09-22 17:40:22 UTC

Lawatan sambil belajar SCES3373 ke Muzium Aanatomi dan Makmal Forensik yang bertempat di Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia Kubang Kerian baru-baru ini merupakan salah satu program lawatan yang amat memberi makna dalam kehidupan saya. Sebagai peminat subjek biologi, sy sangat gemar dalam meneliti anatomi manusia secara mendalam di muzium anatomi tersebut. Pencerahan yang diberikan oleh para staf juga amatlah membantu saya dalam memahami anatomi manusia. Pada awalnya, saya berasa takut utk melihat cadaver secara dekat. Namun, setelah beberapa ketika, saya mendapati ketakutan itu dapat diatasi dengan minat dan semangat saya dalam menuntut ilmu. Selain itu, penerangan tentang forensik juga memberikan impak kepada pemahaman saya tentang kerjaya forensik.

Antara beberapa dapatan saya di dalam lawatan ini ialah:

Mayat dapat diurus melalui pelbagai kaedah termasuk menyumbangkan jasad mayat tersebut kepada institut pengajian sebagai bahan pembelajaran.
Badan manusia merupakan ciptaan tuhan yang paling menarik di atas muka bumi ini.
Cecair pengawet cadaver juga disebut sebagai formali.
Cadaver juga boleh diawet melalui kaedah plastinasi.
Genetik seseorang merupakan gabungan 50/50 induk paternal dan maternal.

FAQIHAH KAMILIA BINTI MOHAMAD FARID (K2)

2024-09-23 00:25:28 UTC

1. Lawatan ke HUSM tempoh hari memberi saya banyak ilmu pengetahuan dan pengalaman yang sangat berharga. Saya dapat memahami dan mengetahui dengan lebih jelas serta terperinci anotomi dan struktur badan manusia. Selain itu, saya juga turut memperoleh pengetahuan tentang cara unit forensik menyelesaikan sesuatu kes dalam mencari bahan bukti untuk mengenali identiti penjenayah atau mangsa.

2. Apa yang saya perolehi daripada lawatan ini ialah :

-saya dapat merasai sendiri tekstur organ dalaman badan manusia yang asli seperti otak, jantung, dan lain-lain.

-saya turut mempelajari perbezaan struktur tubuh badan manusia mengikut jantina.

-saya berpeluang melihat sendiri proses untuk mendapatkan cap jari dari sesuatu permukaan menggunakan serbuk magnetik.

-saya mendapat pengetahuan berkenaan pembahagian DNA dalam tubuh badan manusia mengikut DNA ibubapa.

NUR FARIESYA WAHEDA BT WAHID (K2)

wahidfariesya30_ — 2024-09-23 05:23:26 UTC

Lawatan ini telah membuka mata saya terhadap pelbagai aspek dalam bidang anatomi dan forensik, di mana saya dapat melihat secara langsung bagaimana universiti mengendalikan isu-isu sensitif seperti pengawetan mayat. Penerangan terperinci mengenai teknik pengendalian mayat serta alat-alat yang digunakan dalam penyiasatan forensik telah memberikan saya perspektif baharu yang tidak dapat dipelajari melalui pembelajaran teori semata-mata.
Menerusi lawatan ini saya

dapat mengetahui perbezaan antara pelvis lelaki dan wanita
mengetahui cara membezakan antara lalat jantan dan betina menerusi mikroskop
dapat melihat anatomi manusia secara terperinci

Nur Husna Adilla Binti Ahmad Zaidi (K2)

2024-09-23 05:27:18 UTC

Selepas melawat Muzium Anatomi dan

makmal, refleksi yang dapat saya buat adalah

saya sapat mempelajari dengan lebih mendalam tentang struktur dan fungsi tubuh

manusia dalam bidang perubatan. Di muzium,

saya dapat melihat secara dekat dan menyentuh spesimen anatomi manusia yang dipamerkan, yang memberikan gambaran jelas mengenai organ, sistem tubuh, dan bagaimana setiap bahagian berfungsi. Selepas itu saya dapat belajar cara kes-kes jenayah iaitu cara mendapatkan bukti seperti DNA, cap cari seseorang, dapat mengetahui keaslian kad pengenalan dan sebagainya.

Apa yang saya dapat selepas lawatan ini:

peparu kanan mempunyai 3 lubes iaitu superior, tengah dan inferior
Dapat melihat perbezaan kerangka wanita dan lelaki contohnya skull lelaki lebih besar berbanding perempuan
dapat mengetahui cara mengesan cap jari sesorang

NURUL AIN SYAHIRAH BINTI SHAFIE

2024-09-23 07:03:02 UTC

Rekleksi dari lawatan ke muzium anatomi dan forensik di USM

Saya rasa seronok belajar berkenaan organ manusia. Ini merupakan pengalaman yang sangat berharga lebih-lebih lagi saya dapat memegang sampel badan manusia yang tulen.

Perkara yang saya dapat daripada lawatan ini adalah:

- Saya dapat lihat banyak perbezaan di antara tengkorak lelaki dan perempuan contohnya di tulang pelvis.

- saya dapat memastikan bahawa paru-paru di sebelah kanan ada 3 bahagian dan sebelah kiri 2 bahagian sahaja.

- Menyakini bahawa setiap fakta yang dipelajari adalah benar seperti 4 ruang utama

- Setiap tulisan manusia mempunyai ilmu dan cara untuk membezakannya

- Pengesahan ic atau duit dapat dilihat melalui sinaran UV

FATIMAH AL ZAHRA BINTI MOHAMAD MAHADI

2024-09-23 13:00:18 UTC

1.Lawatan ke pusat anatomi USM banyak contribute kepada ilmu sains, seperti Biologi dan Kimia kepada saya. Di sini saya boleh nampak, belajar dan pegang anatomi manusia secara wujud dan bukan hanya daripada tulisan atas buku. Ini adalah pengalaman pertama saya melawat pusat berkaitan dengan Sains, dan saya amat teruja di setiap sesi penjelasan (struktur otak, sistem pembiakan wanita, cara mengesan duit palsu) daripada setiap Doktor di sana. Tambahan pula mereka semua meriah dan selalu bermuka manis 😚😚

Saya belajar perkara-perkara menarik ketika berada di pusat tersebut, sebagai contoh:
i. Struktur otak, pinggang, pusat (perut), usus, jantung, hati dan fetus
(Kami dapat sentuh setiap sampel mayat di sana! Dan semestinya saya tidak membiarkan peluang itu lesap 😋)
ii Seterusnya, di sudut kimia/forensik, saya diajarkan pelbagai cara bagaimana ahli forensik menangkap jenayah, seperti mengesan IC palsu atau duit palsu, mengetahui genetik daripada seseorang atau suatu "substance', mengenali signature itu dicetak atau ditiru dan mengecam tapak kaki seseorang.

Konklusinya, lawatan ini sangat menarik dari setiap sudut 🫴✨️🚶‍♂️. Kalau diberi peluang dan rezeki, saya ingin ikut serta dalam lawatan-lawatan lain yang akan diadakan.

WEEK 4

2024-09-23 22:44:42 UTC

Group Leader, please upload your slide here

Example :

2di : ..........

ALI BIN ABU
ABU BIN ALI
ADAM BIN HUSIN

Group leader

2024-09-23 23:54:52 UTC

1.NOR ANIES AYUNI BINTI AZIZUL

2.SITI NUR AFRINA BINTI ABDUL RASHID

3.ZULAIKHA BINTI MOHD ZULKIFLE

4.NUR BAIIYAH BINTI CHE SULIMAN

5.NURUL FARHANA NAJWA BINT MOHD RADZI

6.CHEN RUI XIN

ANGIOSPERM

wahidfariesya30_ — 2024-09-24 00:09:18 UTC

NUR HUSNA ADILLA BINTI AHMAD ZAIDI
NUR FARIESYA WAHEDA BINTI WAHID
NOOR AJWA SAFIA BINTI ZAINAL AZHAR
SITI NOR ALIA BINTI SHAFI
NURUL SHAHIRAH BINTI MOHAMED ZAMRI
FAQIHAH KAMILIA BT MOHAMED FARID
NUR ATHIRAH NADHYRA BT ZAIMY
NUR AUNI NAJIBAH BT MOHAMAD

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLANT NUTRIENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROORGANISMS

gipgp24085631 — 2024-09-24 00:12:25 UTC

1. MUHAMMAD AIZAT HAZIMI BIN ABDUL BASIT

2. MOHAMMAD MUHAIZI BIN MOHD SUZUKI

3. AMIR DANIAL IMRAN BIN AMIRULNIZAM

4. MUHAMMAD SYAHIR BIN ZAWAWI

5. MUHAMMAD HAIKAL SAFWAN BIN MOHD KHAIRUDDIN

6. ADAM SAFIY MUHALIS BIN AZLAN

7. AHMAD ZAFRI YUSUF BIN MOHD BASRI

2024-09-24 00:30:35 UTC

AHLI KUMPULAN

1. Nur Annisa Farhani Binti Muril (MATH 2 - K1)

2. Rasyiqah Erdina binti Rosli (PIM2 - K1)

3. Nur Aina Azrienna Binti Mohd Azrin (PSV-K2)

4. Puteri Qistina Adriana Binti Abdul Karim (PSV-K2)

5. Shafiqah Aina bt Abdul Rahman (MATH 2-K2)

6. Nur Syazwani Husna Binti Mohamed Najib (BM1-K2)

The Production of Nutrients in Plant & Translocation

2024-09-24 06:53:27 UTC

1) Nor Anies Ayuni binti Azizul

2) Siti Nur Afrina binti Abdul Rashid

3) Zulaikha binti Mohd Zulkifle

4) Nur Baiiyah binti Che Suliman

5) Nurul Farhana Najwa binti Mohd Radzi

6) Chen Rui Xin

DEVELOPMENT OF POLLEN GRAIN AND EMBRYO SAC

2024-09-24 07:34:35 UTC

Ahli Kumpulan:

1) NIK AHMAD AZIM BIN NIK MUD @ NIK MAHAMOOD

2) MUHAMMAD HARIS IKHWAN BIN RAMAZAN

3) MOHAMMAD DANISH BIN MOHD FAKHRUL HISYAM

4) MOHAMMAD SHAFFUAN BIN MOHAMMAD ROSLI

5) AHMAD AMIR RASHIQ BIN RAZALI

6) MUHAMMAD TAHIRUL SYAFI BIN TAHIRUL AZWAN

7) SYAFEQ AZREE BIN REZWANEE

STRUCTURE OF FLOWER

2024-09-24 08:04:02 UTC

Group of members

1.NUR AMNI BINTI SALLEH

2.NAIMI SYUHAIDA BINTI NOORAZLAN

3.FATIMAH AL ZAHRA BINTI MOHAMAD MAHADI

4.NURUL FATIHAH BINTI MAT NOR

5.NUR SYAMIMI SYUHADA BINTI SA'ARI

6.NUR DINI BINTI MOHD SEMAZURI

Q1 and Q2

ipgm4421 — 2024-09-25 06:11:32 UTC

State two types of tissues that perform the function of transport systems in plants.
What is gutation?

Write your name, group and answer as example below

Ali bin Abu / Group 1

............................
..........................

Q1 & Q2

ipgm4421 — 2024-09-25 06:15:09 UTC

State 3 macronutrients and micronutrients.
State one effect of deficiency of nitrogen, potassium and calcium.

Write your name, group and answer as example below

Ali bin Abu / Group 1

............................
..........................

Label diagram below

ipgm4421 — 2024-09-25 06:17:10 UTC

Write your name, group and answer as example below

Ali bin Abu / Group 1

a. ....

b. ....

c. ....

Answer all the questions.

ipgm4421 — 2024-09-25 07:21:12 UTC

List three types of tropism.
Danish discovered that the mimosa leaves fold up when a flame from a lighter was held close to its leaves. Explain this observation.

NUR FATIHAH BINTI MAT NOR/ GROUP 1

nurfatihahmatnor2 — 2024-09-25 08:55:06 UTC

Xylem and phloem

Guttation is the process where plants excrete excess water in the form of droplets from the edges or tips of their leaves.

NUR SYAMIMI SYUHADA BT SA’ARI (GROUP 2)

2024-09-25 08:56:25 UTC

1.Two types of tissues

a)xylem

b)phloem

2.Gutation is when plants release water droplets from the edges of their leaves. This happens through special openings called hydathodes. It usually occurs at night when there is too much water in the plant, and it is different from dew, which comes from moisture in the air.

NUR FATIHAH BINTI MAT NOR/GROUP 1

nurfatihahmatnor2 — 2024-09-25 09:02:58 UTC

Three macronutrients are potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen while micronutrients are manganese, zink and iron
Yellowing of older leaves (chlorosis) due to less nitrogen. Deficiency of potassium cause weak stems and poor root development. Then, weak cell walls, leading to poor structural integrity of tissues due to less calcium.

NUR SYAMIMI SYUHADA BINTI SA’ARI (GROUP 2)

2024-09-25 09:03:16 UTC

3 macronutrients:

i)Nitrogen (N)

ii)Phosphorus (P)

iii)Potassium (K)

3 micronutrients:

i)Iron (Fe)

ii)Zinc (Zn)

iii)Manganese (Mn)

Effects of deficiency:
i) Nitrogen deficiency: Stunted growth and yellowing of leaves (chlorosis), especially older leaves.

ii)Potassium deficiency: Weak stems, browning of leaf edges, and reduced resistance to disease.

iii)Calcium deficiency: Deformed or misshapen new leaves and poor root growth.

NUR FATIHAH BINTI MAT NOR/GROUP 1

nurfatihahmatnor2 — 2024-09-25 09:06:46 UTC

a) anther

b) filament

c) petal

d) sepal

e) stigma

f) style

g) ovary

h) receptacle

NUR SYAMIMI SYUHADA BINTI SA’ARI (GROUP 2)

2024-09-25 09:06:48 UTC

a)anther

b)filament

c)petal

d)sepal

e)stigma

f)style

g)ovary

h)receptacle

NUR FATIHAH BINTI MAT NOR/GROUP 1

nurfatihahmatnor2 — 2024-09-25 09:12:02 UTC

phototropism, geotropism and thigmatropism.
mimosa plant is responding to heat, which is thermonasty. So it will fold up when the flame is close to protect itself.

NUR SYAMIMI SYUHADA BINTI SA’ARI(GROUP 2)

2024-09-25 09:12:08 UTC

3 types of tropism: Phototropism,Gravitropism and Thigmotropism
When Danish held a flame near the mimosa leaves, the plant folded its leaves because of a reaction called thigmonasty. The heat from the flame acted as a signal, causing the plant to quickly lose water from certain cells, which made the leaves close up. This is a way for the plant to protect itself from danger.

NAIMI SYUHAIDA BINTI NOORAZLAN / GROUP 1

2024-09-25 12:20:17 UTC

1.-Xylem

-phloem

2.Guttation is when plants release drops of water from the edges of their leaves, usually early in the morning or at night. This happens because the plant absorbs more water than it needs, and the extra water gets pushed out through small openings called hydathodes on the leaves.

NAIMI SYUHAIDA BINTI NOORAZLAN / GROUP 1

2024-09-25 13:44:42 UTC

a)anther

b)filament

c)petal

d)sepal

e)stigma

f)style

g)ovary

h)receptacle

NAIMI SYUHAIDA BINTI NOORAZLAN / GROUP 1

2024-09-25 13:54:49 UTC

1.macronutrients:

Potassium (K)
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)

micronutrients:

Iron (Fe)
Zinc (Zn)
Copper (Cu)

2.When a plant has a nitrogen deficiency, the leaves may start turning yellow, especially the older ones, and the overall growth of the plant slows down. In the case of potassium deficiency, the edges of the leaves can turn brown or scorched, and the plant may appear weak, with poor resistance to diseases. If the plant is lacking calcium, the tips of the roots or new leaves may die off, and the plant's growth can become stunted, leading to weaker development and possible deformities in new tissue.

NAIMI SYUHAIDA BINTI NOORAZLAN / GROUP 1

2024-09-25 14:09:28 UTC

Phototropism
Thigmotropism
Chemotropism

2. Danish noticed that the Mimosa leaves fold up when a flame was brought near because the plant is responding to the heat. This reaction is called thermonasty, where the plant moves in response to temperature changes. The heat from the flame causes the plant to protect itself by closing its leaves to reduce damage.

MUHAMMAD HAIKAL SAFWAN BIN MOHD KHAIRUDDIN (K2)

2024-09-25 14:32:07 UTC

1.-xylem

-phloem

2.Guttation is the process where plants release small drops of water from special openings called hydathodes found at the edges or tips of leaves. This usually happens at night or early morning when the soil is very wet, and the plant absorbs more water than it can use. The extra water is forced out by root pressure.

MUHAMMAD HAIKAL SAFWAN BIN MOHD KHAIRUUDIN (K2)

2024-09-25 14:43:53 UTC

1.Macronutrients:

Nitrogen (N)

Potassium (K)

Phosphorus (P)

Micronutrients:

Iron (Fe)

Zinc (Zn)

Manganese (Mn)

2.A deficiency in nitrogen can lead to stunted growth and yellowing of older leaves, known as chlorosis. If a plant lacks potassium, it may develop brown edges on its leaves, a condition called leaf scorch, and the stems might become weak. Calcium deficiency often results in deformed or stunted growth in young leaves and can cause blossom end rot in fruits such as tomatoes.

MUHAMMAD HAIKAL SAFWAN BIN MOHD KHAIRUDDIN (K2)

2024-09-25 14:45:27 UTC

a)anther

b) filament

c)petal

d)sepal

e)stigma

f)style

g)ovary

h)receptacle

MUHAMMAD HAIKAL SAFWABN BIN MOHD KHAIRUDDIN (K2)

2024-09-25 14:50:04 UTC

1. Three types of tropism are phototropism, geotropism and thigmotropism.

2. Danish noticed that the mimosa plant’s leaves folded up when he held a flame close to them. This happens because mimosa plants are sensitive to touch and heat. When they feel something like heat from the flame, they quickly lose water in some of their cells, causing the leaves to fold up. This is a way for the plant to protect itself from harm. This type of movement is called nastic movement, and it doesn’t depend on the direction of the heat or touch.

NOR ANIES AYUNI BINTI AZIZUL(K1)

2024-09-25 18:12:05 UTC

1.Two type of tissues in plant which is xylem and phloem

2.gutation is the process of plant secreting excess liquid from its leaves or blades.It’s water droplets that usually we found in the morning.

NOR ANIES AYUNI BINTI AZIZUL(K1)

2024-09-25 18:16:20 UTC

a)3 Micronutrients (required in small amounts by plants):

1. Iron (Fe)

2. Manganese (Mn)

3. Zinc (Zn)

3 Macronutrients (required in large amounts by plants):

1. Nitrogen (N)

2. Phosphorus (P)

3. Potassium (K)

b)Here is one effect of deficiency for each nutrient:

1. Nitrogen deficiency: Causes yellowing of older leaves (chlorosis) and stunted growth, as nitrogen is crucial for chlorophyll production and overall plant growth.

2. Potassium deficiency: Leads to browning or scorching of leaf edges (leaf margin necrosis), weak stems, and poor resistance to diseases.

3. Calcium deficiency: Results in deformed or stunted new leaves and poor root development, often seen as "blossom end rot" in fruits like tomatoes.

NOR ANIES AYUNI BINTI AZIZUL(K1)

2024-09-25 18:19:06 UTC

a)anther

b)filament

c)petal

d)sepal

e)stigma

f) style

g) ovary

h) receptacle

NOR ANIES AYUNI BINTI AZIZUL(K1)

2024-09-25 18:23:50 UTC

1.Three types of tropism are:

1. Phototropism

2. Geotropism (gravitropism)

3. Thigmotropism

2.Danish's observation that Mimosa leaves fold up when exposed to a flame from a lighter can be explained by a process called thigmonasty (or seismonasty). Thigmonasty is a rapid plant movement in response to touch, heat, or other stimuli. When a flame is brought close to the leaves, it creates heat, which acts as a stimulus. This triggers an immediate loss of water pressure (turgor) in the cells at the base of the leaflets (called pulvini), causing the leaves to fold or droop as a defense mechanism.This reaction helps the plant protect itself from potential harm, such as from herbivores, excessive heat, or physical damage. The movement is not directional like in tropism but is a quick, reversible movement in response to the stimulus.

NUR ANNISA FARHANI BINTI MURIL K1

2024-09-27 00:17:07 UTC

Xylem and Phloem
Guttation is the process by which plants exude droplets of water from the tips or edges of their leaves , typically occur at night or early in the morning . This happens when soil moisture levels are high and the plant roots absorb more water than it can transpire . The excess water , along with dissolved minerals is forced out throuh hydathodes .

NUR ANNISA FARHANI BINTI MURIL K1

2024-09-27 00:26:44 UTC

micronutrients

Nitrogen , Phosphorus and Potassium

macronutrients

Iron , Zinc and Manganese

Effect deficiency nitrogen are causing yellowing of older leaves @ chlorosis and stunted growth.

Effect deficiency potassium are leads to browning or yellowing leaf edges and poor root development.

Effect deficiency calcium are stunted growth , curled or disorted leaves and blossom end rot in fruit like tomatoes.

NUR ANNISA FARHANI BINTI MURIL K1

2024-09-27 00:29:51 UTC

a) anther

b) filament

c) petal

d) sepal

e) stigma

f) style

g) ovary

h) receptacle

NUR ANNISA FARHANI BINTI MURIL K1

2024-09-27 00:35:18 UTC

phototropism , gravitropism and thigmotropism
The folding of mimosa leaves when exposed to a flame is an example of a nastic movement , which is thigmonasty or seismonasty . This response is triggered by stimuli such as heat , touch or vibrations . When a flame is brought close , the heat causes changes in the water pressure within the plan cell . The water is forced out , causing the leaflets to collapse and fold as a protective mechanism against potential harm , such as from heat or physical damage .

NUR AMNI BINTI SALLEH (K1)

amnisalleh310 — 2024-09-27 13:36:33 UTC

Xylem and phloem
Guttation is the loss of water in the form of water droplets from the tips and margins of the leaves.

NUR AMNI BINTI SALLEH (K1)

amnisalleh310 — 2024-09-27 13:44:56 UTC

a) anther

b) filament

c) petal

d) sepal

e) stigma

f) otyle

g) ovary

h) receptacle

CAROL KOO JIA LE / K2

gipgp23083489 — 2024-09-27 13:49:07 UTC

xylem and phloem

Guttation is the process where plants exude droplets of water from the edges of their leaves. It typically occurs at night or in the early morning when soil moisture is high, and transpiration is low, causing pressure to build up in the plant’s roots. This pressure forces excess water out through special openings called hydathodes at the leaf margins.

NUR AMNI BINTI SALLEH (K1)

amnisalleh310 — 2024-09-27 13:52:39 UTC

Macronutrients
i. Nitrogen (N)
ii. Potassium (K)
iii. Phosphorus (P)

Micronutrients
i. Manganese (Mn)
ii. Zinc (Zn)
iii. Iron (Fe)

i. Nitrogen deficiency causes yellowing of older leaves (chlorosis) and stunted growth.
ii. Potassium deficiency results in yellowing or browning of leaf edges and weak stems.
iii. Calcium deficiency leads to distorted young leaves and blossom-end rot in fruits.

NUR AMNI BINTI SALLEH (K1)

amnisalleh310 — 2024-09-27 14:01:46 UTC

i. geotropism
ii. phototropism
iii. thigmatropism
When the mimosa plant exposed to the heat from a flame, it quickly folds its leaves. The heat makes the plant's cells lose water, so the leaves fold as protection.

CAROL KOO JIA LE / K2

gipgp23083489 — 2024-09-27 14:04:24 UTC

a. anther

b. filament

c. petal

d. sepal

e. stigma

f. style

g. ovary

h. receptacle

CAROL KOO JIA LE / K2

gipgp23083489 — 2024-09-27 14:17:02 UTC

phototropism, geotropism, thigmotropism
Mimosa plants exhibit thigmonasty, a non-directional movement triggered by physical stimuli such as touch, heat, or sudden movement. When a flame from a lighter is held close to the Mimosa leaves, the heat acts as a stimulus, triggering the plant’s rapid defensive response. This causes the pulvinus to lose turgor pressure as water is rapidly transported out of its cells. The reduced turgor pressure makes the leaflets fold up quickly as a protective mechanism to reduce exposure to the potential danger.

CAROL KOO JIA LE / K2

gipgp23083489 — 2024-09-27 14:18:37 UTC

3 micronutrients

nitrogen (N)
potassium (K)
Calcium (Ca)
3 micronutrients
iron (Fe)
zinc (Zn)
Manganese (Mn)

Nitrogen deficiency: Causes chlorosis, where leaves turn yellow due to lack of chlorophyll, especially in older leaves.
Potassium deficiency: Results in scorched leaf edges (leaf margin necrosis) and weak stems, affecting overall plant health.
Calcium deficiency: Causes blossom end rot in fruits like tomatoes and leads to stunted growth and deformed leaves

NUR FARIESYA WAHEDA BINTI WAHID K2

wahidfariesya30_ — 2024-09-27 15:45:37 UTC

phloem and xylem
guttation is the secretion of water droplets through special structures at the tips of leaf veins and caused by high root pressure. Root pressure pushes water to the leaves and stems. Guttation also occurs at night and early in the morning when the the rate of transpiration is low.

NUR FARIESYA WAHEDA BINTI WAHID K2

wahidfariesya30_ — 2024-09-27 15:49:05 UTC

a) anther

b) filament

c) petal

d) sepal

e) stigma

f) style

g) ovary

h) receptacle

NUR FARIESYA WAHEDA BINTI WAHID K2

wahidfariesya30_ — 2024-09-27 15:56:45 UTC

1. phototropism

geotropism

thigmotropism

Danish's observation of mimosa folding its leaves near a flame is due to its natural defense mechanism called thigmonasty or seismonasty. This rapid, reversible response occurs when physical stimulus, like heat are detected by the plant. While mimosa typically reacts to touch, it also responds to temperature changes. When the heat reaches the leaves, it causes a loss of turgor pressure in specialized cells called pulvini, leading to water leaving the cells and the leaves folding inward. This behavior helps protect the plant by reducing its exposed surface area, potentially deterring herbivores or reducing heat damage.

NUR FARIESYA WAHEDA BINTI WAHID K2

wahidfariesya30_ — 2024-09-27 15:58:42 UTC

1. Macronutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

Micronutrients: zinc, copper, iron

2. Nitrogen: reduced the plant growth

Potassium : premature death of plants

Calcium : stunted growth

Shafiqah Aina (K2)

2024-09-28 02:23:29 UTC

Xylem and phloem
Guttation is when plants release drops of water from the edges of their leaves. This happens usually at night or early morning when the air is humid, and the plant has taken in more water than it needs. Instead of evaporating, the excess water gets pushed out through special openings in the leaves.

Shafiqah Aina bt Abdul Rahman (K2)

2024-09-28 02:57:24 UTC

3 macro :
i) Nitrogen (N)
ii)Phosphorus (P)
iii) Potassium (K)
3 micro
i) iron (Fe)
ii) Zinc (Zn)
iii) Manganese (Mn)
I)Nitrogen – Stunted plant growth and yellowing of leaves (chlorosis).
II)Potassium – Weak stems and poor root development in plants, along with yellow or brown leaf edges.
III)Calcium – In plants, it leads to blossom end rot, while in humans, it causes weakened bones and increased risk of osteoporosis.

Shafiqah Aina bt Abdul Rahman (K2)

2024-09-28 03:00:31 UTC

a)anther

b)filament

c)petal

d)sepal

e)stigma

f)style

g)ovary

h)receptable

Shafiqah Aina bt Abdul Rahman (K2)

2024-09-28 03:04:35 UTC

1. Three types of tropism:

- Phototropism

- Gravitropism

- Thigmotropism

2. Danish's observation is an example of a nastic movement, specifically thigmonasty or a response to heat. The mimosa plant is sensitive to external stimuli like heat, touch, or light. When a flame is held close, the heat triggers rapid water loss from cells in the leaf's pulvinus (a specialized structure at the base of leaflets), causing the leaves to fold as a protective mechanism to avoid damage from the heat. This response is not directional like tropism but rather a rapid, reversible movement in reaction to a stimulus.

PUTERI QISTINA ADRIANA BINTI ABDUL KARIM (GROUP 2)

gipgp23083924 — 2024-09-28 14:29:51 UTC

State two types of tissues that perform the function of transport systems in plants.
- Xylem
- Phloem

What is gutation?
Guttation is when a plant gets rid of extra water by letting it out as tiny droplets from the edges of its leaves. This happens usually at night or early morning when the plant has too much water. The plant pushes the extra water out because it can't get rid of it through its leaves like it usually does during the day.

PUTERI QISTINA ADRIANA BINTI ABDUL KARIM GROUP 2

gipgp23083924 — 2024-09-28 14:37:10 UTC

State 3 macronutrients and micronutrients.
- Calcium (Ca), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K)
- Zinc (Zn), Boron (B), Iron (Fe)

State one effect of deficiency of nitrogen, potassium and calcium.
- nitrogen deficiency
- potassium deficiency
- calcium deficiency

PUTERI QISTINA ADRIANA BINTI ABDUL KARIM GROUP 2

gipgp23083924 — 2024-09-28 14:47:46 UTC

a) anther

b) filament

c) petal

d) sepal

e) stigma

f) style

g) ovary

h) receptacle

PUTERI QISTINA ADRIANA BINTI ABDUL KARIM GROUP 2

gipgp23083924 — 2024-09-28 14:53:38 UTC

List three types of tropism.
- phototropism
- geotropism
- thigmotropism
Danish discovered that the mimosa leaves fold up when a flame from a lighter was held close to its leaves. Explain this observation.
The mimosa plant exhibits thigmonasty or seismonasty, which is a rapid movement in response to touch, temperature, or other external stimuli. When the flame from the lighter was held close to its leaves, the heat acted as a stimulus, causing the plant to close its leaves as a defense mechanism. This response helps protect the plant from potential harm or dehydration by reducing the surface area exposed to the heat.

Chen Rui Xin K2

gipgp23083490 — 2024-09-28 16:03:13 UTC

1. Xylem and phloem

2.Guttation is a secretion of water droplets through a special structure at the end of the leaf veins without involving the stomata caused by a high root pressure.

Chen Rui Xin K2

gipgp23083490 — 2024-09-28 16:25:43 UTC

1. 3 Macronutrients

a)Nitrogen

b) Calcium

c) Magnesium

3 Micronutrients

a) Iron

b) Zinc

c) Copper

Effects of Deficiency

1. Nitrogen - Leaves underga chlorosis (yellowing of the leaves) mainly on matured leaves

2. Potassium - Protein synthesis disrupted

3. Calcium - Parts between leaf veins become yellowish

NUR SYAMIMI BINTI ABD SHARIF (K1)

2024-09-28 16:25:50 UTC

Refleksi aktiviti lawatan:
Lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi dan Pusat Forensik di Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, menawarkan pengalaman yang unik dan berharga. Lawatan ini memberikan peluang kepada para pelajar atau peserta untuk melihat sendiri struktur anatomi tubuh manusia. Melalui koleksi spesimen anatomi, kami dapat memahami secara lebih mendalam tentang organ-organ, sistem badan, dan kaitan fungsinya dalam kehidupan seharian. Di Pusat Forensik, kami dapat belajar tentang pentingnya forensik dalam siasatan jenayah. Pendedahan kepada proses autopsi dan kajian forensik membantu menyingkap bagaimana badan manusia dapat memberikan petunjuk dalam kes-kes penyiasatan, sekaligus memupuk rasa hormat kepada bidang perubatan dan undang-undang.
Dapatan lawatan:
- cara membezakan tengkorak kepala wanita dan lelaki iaitu dengan melihat rahang perempuan lebih kecil berbanding rahang lelaki.
- otak mempunyai 4 bahagian iaitu lobus frontal, lobus temporal, lobus parietal dan lobus occipital.
- cara mengenal pasti tulisan tangan atau print.
- mengenal pasti duit palsu dengan sinaran uv.

NUR SYAMIMI BINTI ABD SHARIF (K1)

2024-09-28 16:34:48 UTC

Xylem and Floem
Guttation is the process of secretion of water droplets from the pores of some vascular plants. The liquid of guttation comprises a variety of inorganic and organic compounds which mainly include potassium and sugars.

CHEN RUI XIN K2

gipgp23083490 — 2024-09-28 16:42:34 UTC

a） Anther

b） Filament

c）Petal

d） Sepal

e）Stigma

f） Style

g）Ovary

h） Receptacle

CHEN RUI XIN K2

gipgp23083490 — 2024-09-28 16:58:42 UTC

1. a） Thigmotropism

b） Geotropism

c） Hydrotropism

2.The observation by Danish that the mimosa leaves fold up when a flame is held close is an example of a plant's response to a stimulus called thigmonasty.

In this case, the heat from the flame acts as a stimulus, causing the leaf cells to rapidly lose water through specialized cells called pulvini at the base of the leaflets. This sudden loss of turgor pressure in the cells causes the leaves to fold up quickly. The folding is a protective response, helping to minimize potential damage from the heat. This response is not directional, meaning it doesn't depend on the direction of the stimulus but rather is triggered by the intensity of the stimulus itself.

NUR SYAMIMI BINTI ABD SHARIF (K1)

2024-09-28 16:59:26 UTC

Micronutrients:
- zinc
- copper
- iron
Macronutrients:
- calcium
- nitrogen
- magnesium
The availability of nutrients and water, especially nitrogen, which is necessary for the growth of stems and leaves, can be linked to the growth of plants. When calcium is removed from a treatment, the leaves become yellowish green, older leaves wither, and the tips of brown leaves burn. The low amount of potassium will produce 0–4 strands of weak stem tissue that fall more easily because of the plant's decreased turgor.

NUR SYAMIMI BINTI ABD SHARIF (K1)

2024-09-28 17:07:02 UTC

a) anther

b) filament

c) petal

d) sepal

e) stigma

f) style

g) ovary

h) receptacle

NUR SYAMIMI BINTI ABD SHARIF (K1)

2024-09-28 17:13:40 UTC

- phototropism
- gravitropism
- hydrotropism
Mimosa pudica known as the sensitive plant which has leaves that fold up in response to touch, heat, or other stimuli. For example, when a flame is held close to its leaves, the plant perceives it as a threat. The cells at the base of the leaflets lose water quickly, causing the leaves to fold up as a defense mechanism. This reaction helps protect the plant from potential harm, such as being eaten by herbivores or damaged by fire.

FARHANA NAJWA (K2)

2024-09-29 02:51:38 UTC

i) Xylem
ii) Phloem
Gutation is the process by which water is exuded from the tips or edged of leaves in the form of droplets. This phenomenon typically occurs in certain plants during the night or early moring when the condition are humid.

FARHANA NAJWA (K2)

2024-09-29 03:03:08 UTC

3 Macronutrients
i) Nitrogen (N)
ii)Phosphorus (P)
iii)Potassium (K)

3 Micronutrients

i) Iron (Fe)

ii) Zinc (Zn)

iii) Manganese (Mn)

i) Nitrogen Deficiency:
- Effect: Chlorosis (yellowing of leaves). When plants lack nitrogen, older leaves often turn yellow and may die off as the plant reallocates nitrogen to newer growth. This deficiency can lead to stunted growth and reduced yield.
  ii) Potassium Deficiency:
- Effect: Leaf margin burn or scorching. Potassium deficiency can cause older leaves to develop yellow or brown edges, which may lead to curling or wilting. This can affect overall plant health and reduce resistance to diseases.
iii) Calcium Deficiency:
- Effect: Blossom end rot in fruits. Calcium deficiency can lead to physiological disorders such as blossom end rot in tomatoes and peppers, where the bottom of the fruit develops dark, sunken spots. It also affects cell wall structure, leading to weak plant tissue and stunted growth.

FARHANA NAJWA (K2)

2024-09-29 03:05:47 UTC

a) Anther

b) Filament

c) Petal

d) Sepal

e) Stigma

f) Style

g) Ovary

h) Receptacle

FARHANA NAJWA (K2)

2024-09-29 03:14:23 UTC

i) Phototropism
ii )Gravitropism
iii )Thigmotropism
Danish noticed the folding of mimosa leaves when exposed to a flame is an example of thigmonasty, a rapid, non-directional response to stimuli such as heat or touch. This reaction occurs due to specialized cells called pulvinus at the base of the leaflets, which rapidly lose water and decrease in turgor pressure when stimulated, causing the leaves to fold inward. This protective mechanism helps the plant avoid potential damage from herbivores or environmental stressors, allowing it to react swiftly to immediate threats.

NUR BAIIYAH BT CHE SULIMAN (K1)

2024-09-29 17:05:26 UTC

xylem and phloem
Guttation is the process of a plant secreting excess liquid from its leaves or blades. It can only occur in small plants with a vascular system, such grass, tomatoes, and strawberries. This process occurs primarily at night or in humid conditions when transpiration is reduced.

Nur Baiiyah Che Suliman (K1)

2024-09-29 17:47:58 UTC

Macronutrients
i.Nitrogen
ii.Pottasium
iii.Phosphorus

Micronutrients
i.Iron
ii.Zinc
iii.Copper

Effect deficiency nitrogen : stunted growth and yellowing of leaves (chlorosis)
Effect deficiency pottasium: weak stem growth, poor fruit development, and marginal leaf scorching.
Effect deficiency calcium : blossom end rot in fruits (like tomatoes), stunted growth, and deformed leaves.

Nur Baiiyah Che Suliman (K1)

2024-09-29 17:52:18 UTC

a. anther

b. filament

c. petal

d. sepal

e. stigma

f. style

g. ovary

h. receptacle

Nur Baiiyah Che Suliman (K1)

2024-09-29 18:13:25 UTC

three types of tropism
i.Thigmotropism
ii.Phototropism
iii. Geotropism

Danish noticed that when mimosa leaves fold up in response to a flame from a lighter, it demonstrates a plant's rapid movement which is thigmonasty. The heat from the flame is detected by the plant, causing a rapid loss of turgor pressure in the specialized cells (pulvinus) at the base of the leaflets. This flaccidity leads to the leaves folding inward, serving as a defense mechanism to protect the plant from potential threats.

ZULAIKHA MOHD ZULKIFLE (K2)

2024-09-30 13:23:15 UTC

State two types of tissues that perform the function of transport systems in plants.
- Xylem
- Phloem
What is gutation?
Guttation is the exudation of drops of xylem and phloem sapon the tips or edges of leaves of some vascular plants, such as grasses, and also a number of fungi.

SITI NUR AFRINA BINTI ABDUL RASHID (group 2)

2024-09-30 13:23:18 UTC

xylem and phloem
gutation is the loss of water in the form of water droplets from hydathodes (small pores) on the leaf margin of a small herbaceous plant.

SITI NUR AFRINA BINTI ABDUL RASHID (K2)

2024-09-30 13:36:18 UTC

pottasium, nitrogen, phosphorus
zinc, iron, copper
Nitrogen : Stunted growth and yellowing of older leaves (chlorosis).
Potassium : Marginal browning or scorching of leaves, particularly at the edges.
Calcium : Stunted growth and distorted young leaves, often with tip burn in crops like lettuce.

ZULAIKHA BINTI MOHD ZULKIFLE (K2)

2024-09-30 13:37:17 UTC

State 3 macronutrients and micronutrients.
- macronutrients
  i. Nitrogen (N)
  ii. Phosphorus (P)
  iii. Potassium (K)
- micronutrients
  i. Iron (Fe)
  ii. Zinc (Zn)
  iii.Copper (Cu)
State one effect of deficiency of nitrogen, potassium and calcium.
- Nitrogen deficiency is stunted growth and yellowing of older leaves (chlorosis).
- Potassium deficiency is leaf edges turn brown and plants become more susceptible to diseases.
- Calcium deficiency is poor root development and blossom end rot in fruits like tomatoes.

SITI NUR AFRINA BINTI ABDUL RASHID (K2)

2024-09-30 13:39:02 UTC

a) anther

b) filament

c) petal

d) sepal

e) stigma

f) style

g) ovary

h) receptacle

ZULAIKHA BINTI MOHD ZULKIFLE

2024-09-30 13:39:41 UTC

a.anther

b.filament

c.petal

d.sepal

e.stigma

f.style

g.ovary

h.receptacle

Nur Dini Binti Mohd Seramazuri (K1)

2024-09-30 13:42:19 UTC

xylem and phloem
Guttation is the loss of water in the form of water droplets from hydathodes (small pores) on the leaf margin of a small herbaceous plant.

SITI NUR AFRINA BINTI ABDUL RASHID (K2)

2024-09-30 13:44:18 UTC

phototropism
geotropism
thigmatropism
The Mimosa leaves fold up in response to heat because of a rapid loss of water in specialized cells, causing the leaves to collapse as a defense mechanism

ZULAIKHA BINTI MOHD ZULKIFLE (K2)

2024-09-30 13:46:29 UTC

List three types of tropism.
- Phototropism
- Gravitropism
- Thigmotropism
Danish discovered that the mimosa leaves fold up when a flame from a lighter was held close to its leaves. Explain this observation.
-When Mimosa pudica leaves are exposed to a lighter flame, they fold up due to a quick plant movement known as thigmonasty. The heat from the flame stimulates sensory cells in the plant, resulting in a rapid reduction of turgor pressure in specialised cells at the base of leaflets (pulvini). As a result, the leaves fold up as a defensive mechanism.

Nur Dini Binti Mohd Seramazuri( K1)

2024-09-30 13:58:52 UTC

1. Macronutrients

-nirogen

- phosphorus

- pottasium

Micronutriens

- iron

-boron

- zinc

Deficiency
- Nitrogen: leaves are smaller and yellowish.Slow growth
- Pottasium: small fruits, susceptible to disease.Older leaves may wilt.
- Calcium: weak plant.New leaves are often distorted or irregularly shaped.

Nurul Shahirah binti Mohamed Zamri / Group 2

gipgp23080307 — 2024-09-30 13:59:45 UTC

Xylem and phloem
Guttation is the process by which some vascular plants exude water droplets from specialized pores called hydathodes, typically occurring at night when stomata are closed.

Nur Dini Binti Mohd Seramazuri (K1)

2024-09-30 14:03:01 UTC

a) anther

b) filament

c) petal

d) sepal

e) stigma

f) style

g) ovary

h) receptacle

Nurul Shahirah binti Mohamed Zamri / Group 2

gipgp23080307 — 2024-09-30 14:05:59 UTC

a. anther

b. filament

c. petal

d. sepal

e. stigma

f. style

g. ovary

h. receptacle

Nur Dini Binti Mohd Seramazuri (K1)

2024-09-30 14:10:56 UTC

Types of tropisms are phototropism, geotropism, thigmotropism
The phenomenon Danish observed with the mimosa leaves folding up when exposed to a flame is a response called thigmonasty. Thigmonasty is a non-directional plant movement triggered by touch, heat, or mechanical stimulation, and in this case, the flame's heat acts as the stimulus.

Nurul Shahirah binti Mohamed Zamri / Group 2

gipgp23080307 — 2024-09-30 14:14:24 UTC

Macronutrients = carbohydrates, proteins and fats
Micronutrients= vitamins, minerals, trace elements
Nitrogen, potassium, and calcium deficiencies each have distinct effects on plant health:
- Nitrogen deficiency leads to stunted growth and yellowing of older leaves, resulting in reduced leaf area and poor overall development.
- Potassium deficiency causes chlorosis and necrosis at the leaf margins, particularly in older leaves, which can lead to weak stems and increased susceptibility to disease.
- Calcium deficiency results in stunted growth of new leaves and root tips, often causing younger leaves to curl and exhibit tip burn.

Nurul Shahirah binti Mohamed Zamri / Group 2

gipgp23080307 — 2024-09-30 14:28:43 UTC

Three types of tropism are:

Phototropism: Growth towards or away from light, typically with stems growing towards light (positive) and roots away (negative).
Gravitropism: Growth in response to gravity, where roots grow downward (positive) and stems grow upward (negative) .
Chemotropism: Movement or growth in response to chemicals, such as the growth of pollen tubes toward ovules during fertilization.

The observation that Mimosa pudica leaves fold up when exposed to a flame is due to its rapid response mechanism to stimuli, primarily driven by changes in turgor pressure within specialized cells called pulvinus. When the heat from the flame is detected, it triggers an electrical signal that causes potassium and chloride ions to redistribute, leading to water movement out of extensor cells and into flexor cells.

NOOR AJWA SAFIA BINTI ZAINAL AZHAR K2

2024-10-01 16:32:14 UTC

- xylem
- phloem
Guttation is the process by which plants excrete excess water through specialized structures called hydathodes, usually found on the edges or tips of leaves. This occurs when soil moisture levels are high, and the roots absorb more water than the plant can use or transpire.

NOOR AJWA SAFIA BINTI ZAINAL AZHAR K2

2024-10-01 16:39:23 UTC

macronutrients:
- Nitrogen (N)
- Phosphorus (P)
- Potassium (K)
micronutrients
- Iron (Fe)
- Manganese (Mn)
- Zinc (Zn)
Nitrogen Deficiency
- Yellowing of leaves (chlorosis), particularly in older leaves, as the plant breaks down chlorophyll to recycle nitrogen.
Potassium Deficiency
- Marginal leaf burn and browning of leaf edges, leading to weak stems and increased susceptibility to disease.
Calcium Deficiency
- Blossom end rot in fruits (like tomatoes) and stunted growth due to impaired cell division and structure in developing tissues.

NOOR AJWA SAFIA BINTI ZAINAL AZHAR K2

2024-10-01 16:41:28 UTC

a) anther

b) filament

c) petal

d) sepal

e) stigma

f) style

g) ovary

h) receptacle

NOOR AJWA SAFIA BINTI ZAINAL AZHAR K2

2024-10-01 16:48:18 UTC

phototropism, gravitropism, and thigmotropism
This phenomenon known as thermogenesis or the plant's defensive response. Mimosa pudica has specialized cells in its leaves that are sensitive to changes in temperature and other stimuli. When the leaves detect heat, they respond rapidly to protect themselves. The folding of the leaves occurs due to a rapid loss of turgor pressure in the cells. The heat causes water to exit the cells in the pulvini (the specialized regions at the base of the leaflets), leading to a decrease in pressure. This loss of turgor causes the leaflets to fold together. This reaction also serves as a defense mechanism, likely evolved to respond to threats. By folding up, the plant can appear less palatable or may reduce the surface area available for herbivory.

AMIR DANIAL IMRAN BIN AMIRULNIZAM (K1)

amirdanialamirulnizam — 2024-10-07 06:19:31 UTC

Setelah selesai lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi di USM, terdapat beberapa ilmu dan pengalaman baharu yang dapat saya peroleh. Di sana, saya dapat memegang mayat asli yang telah diproses. Pengalaman yang saya lalui ini memberi impak kepada perspektif saya terhadap cara pembelajaran anatomi manusia. Saya dapat melihat dan mengamati struktur tubuh manusia (otak, sistem pembiakan, usus dan lain-lain) dari bayi hingga dewasa. Saya juga dapat mengtahui sedikit sebanyak cara memproses mayat untuk dijadikan bahan anatomi dengan menggunakan cecair bernama formalin.

Setelah selesai lawatan ke Muzium Anatomi, kami bergerak makmal untuk melihat beberapa pameran. Saya mengetahui cara mengesan duit yang sah, cara mengesan DNA anak, cara mengenal pasti jantina melalui tengkorak dan sebagainya.

Nur Husna Adilla (K2)

2024-10-11 09:53:09 UTC

3 types of tropism are phototropism, gravitropism and thigmotropism
The folding up of Mimosa leaves when exposed to a flame is an example of thigmonasty (or seismonasty), a rapid plant movement in response to touch, heat, or other stimuli. In this case, the heat from the flame triggers the sensitive cells in the leaf's pulvinus (a joint-like structure at the base of the leaf), causing water to quickly move out of these cells. This results in a loss of turgor pressure, causing the leaves to fold up as a protective mechanism to minimize damage from the heat.

Nur Husna Adilla (K2)

2024-10-11 09:53:42 UTC

a) anther

b) filament

c) petal

d) sepal

e) stigma

f) style

g) ovary

h)receptacle

Nur Husna Adilla (K2)

2024-10-11 09:55:30 UTC

3 macronutrients

i) Nitrogen

ii) Phosphorus

iii) Potassium

3 micronutrients

i) Copper

ii) Iron

iii) Manganese

2)i) Nitrogen deficiency - Nitrogen deficiency causes stunted growth, yellowing of older leaves (chlorosis), poor yield, thin stems, and premature leaf drop. Plants also produce less protein, affecting their nutritional quality.

ii) Potassium deficiency- Potassium deficiency in plants leads to yellowing or browning of leaf edges, weak stems, poor root development, reduced drought resistance, and lower crop yields. It also affects photosynthesis and the plant's ability to regulate water.

iii) Calcium deficiency - Calcium deficiency in plants causes stunted growth, distorted young leaves, weakened cell walls, blossom end rot in fruits (like tomatoes), poor root development, and increased susceptibility to diseases.

Nur Husna Adilla (K2)

2024-10-11 09:55:56 UTC

two types of tisue are xylem dan phloem
gutation is the the process of secretion of water droplets from the pores of some vascular plants like grass

Siti Nor Alia binti Shafi (K2)

2024-11-10 11:38:09 UTC

Xylem and phloem
Gutation is the process by which plants release excess water from the edges of their leaves, usually in the form of droplets. This occurs through specialized structures which are located at the margins or tips of leaves.

Siti Nor Alia binti Shafi (K2)

2024-11-10 11:43:41 UTC

Question 1

Macronutrients:

Nitrogen (N)
Phosphorus (P)
Potassium (K)

Micronutrients:

Iron
Manganese
Zinc

Question 2:

Nitrogen Deficiency:
Nitrogen deficiency often causes chlorosis, which is the yellowing of leaves, particularly in older leaves. This occurs because nitrogen is essential for chlorophyll production, and a deficiency leads to reduced photosynthesis and stunted growth.

Potassium Deficiency:
Potassium deficiency can result in scorched or brown leaf edges, especially on older leaves. Potassium is critical for enzyme activation, photosynthesis, and water regulation, so its deficiency weakens plants, making them more susceptible to disease and environmental stress.

Calcium Deficiency:
Calcium deficiency typically causes blossom-end rot in fruits (such as tomatoes and peppers), where the bottom part of the fruit turns brown and soft. Calcium is crucial for cell wall structure and membrane stability, so its lack affects young tissues, leading to deformed or necrotic growth.

Siti Nor Alia binti Shafi (K2)

2024-11-10 11:44:54 UTC

a) anther

b) filament

c) petal

d) sepal

e) stigma

f) style

g) ovary

h) receptacle

Siti Nor Alia binti Shafi (K2)

2024-11-10 11:51:06 UTC

Question 1

Phototropism
Gravitropism
Thigmotropism

Question 2

When Mimosa pudica leaves fold in response to a nearby flame, it’s due to seismonasty and a rapid movement triggered by external stimuli like touch or heat. The heat causes specialized cells at the leaf base to lose water and turgor pressure, making the leaves fold inward. This response is thought to protect the plant by reducing exposure to potential harm, unlike tropism, which involves growth direction towards or away from stimuli.

4a INTRODUCTION TO ECOLOGY AND BIOSPHERE

2024-11-13 00:40:34 UTC

Compare between carbon cycle and water cycle
State the importance of nitrogen cycle

Nur Syazwani Husna (K2)

2024-11-13 05:46:04 UTC

1. The two types of tissues that perform the function of transport systems in plants are xylem and phloem.

2. Gutation is the process by which water droplets are expelled from the edges of leaves, usually occurring at night or in high humidity.

Nur Syazwani Husna (K2)

2024-11-13 05:51:10 UTC

1. Three macronutrients:

- Nitrogen (N)

- Phosphorus (P)

- Potassium (K)

Three micronutrients:

- Iron (Fe)

- Zinc (Zn)

- Copper (Cu)

2. Effect of deficiency:

- Nitrogen: Yellowing of leaves.

- Potassium: Brown leaf edges.

- Calcium: Poor growth and distorted leaves.

Nur Syazwani Husna (K2)

2024-11-13 05:54:04 UTC

a) anther

b) filament

c) petal

d) sepal

e) stigma

f) style

g) ovary

h) receptacle

Nur Syazwani Husna (K2)

2024-11-13 05:58:33 UTC

Three types of tropism are:

Phototropism
Geotropis
Thigmotropism

Danish discovered that mimosa leaves fold up when a flame from a lighter was held close to its leaves because this is a protective response called thermonasty. Just like how we quickly pull our hand away from something hot, the mimosa plant has a similar defense mechanism. When the leaves sense heat from the flame, special cells at the base of the leaves quickly lose water, causing the leaves to fold up and move away from the heat source. This quick movement helps protect the plant from getting damaged by the heat. Once the flame is removed, the leaves will slowly return to their normal position. This behavior is a survival adaptation that helps the plant protect itself from harm.

MUHAMMAD HAIKAL SAFWAN BIN MOHD KHAIRUDDIN (K2)

2024-11-14 09:40:18 UTC

Main elements
The Carbon cycle moves carbon atoms, often as carbon dioxide (CO₂) and organic matter. Carbon is a building block for all living things and is stored in plants, animals, soil, oceans, and rocks. The water cycle moves water molecules (H₂O) between the atmosphere, oceans, rivers, lakes, soil, and organisms. Water is essential for all forms of life, and it helps regulate temperature and support ecosystems.
Process
The Carbon cycles play a role to do Photosynthesis that Plants absorb CO₂ from the air and use it to make food.
Respiration that Animals and plants release CO₂ when they breathe. The water cycle help in Evaporation process that Water evaporates from surfaces like oceans and lakes, turning from liquid into water vapor in the air and Condensation that Water vapor cools and turns into clouds, forming tiny droplets.
Role in nature
The carbon cycle store and moves carbon for plants and help to control earth's temperature. The water cycles provides water for all living things to keep earth's climate stable.
Human impacts
For carbon cycles activities like Burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) for energy releases extra CO₂ into the atmosphere will contributing to global warming. besides that, for water cycle activities like Water extraction for agriculture, industry, and human consumption can deplete water sources and leading to droughts and affecting water availability.

QUESTION 2
Supports Plant Growth: Plants need nitrogen to grow, but they cannot use nitrogen in its atmospheric form (N₂). Through the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen is converted into forms that plants can absorb, such as nitrates (NO₃⁻) and ammonium (NH₄⁺), which help plants produce essential proteins and enzymes.
Maintains Ecosystem Balance: By recycling nitrogen through different forms, the nitrogen cycle helps maintain balanced levels of nitrogen in soil and water, supporting diverse ecosystems and promoting biodiversity.
Supports Food Chain: As plants absorb nitrogen, animals obtain nitrogen by eating plants or other animals, transferring it throughout the food chain. This sustains animal life and supports agricultural systems that rely on nitrogen for crop production.
Climate Change & the Atmosphere: The nitrogen cycle also impacts the atmosphere and climate. Certain nitrogen compounds, like nitrous oxide (N₂O), are potent greenhouse gases. Proper nitrogen cycling helps manage these emissions, reducing their contribution to climate change and helping to stabilize the global climate.

Nur Annisa Farhani K1

2024-11-15 08:58:48 UTC

Comparison Between the Carbon Cycle and the Water Cycle

1. The carbon cycle revolves around the movement of carbon through the atmosphere, living organisms, oceans, and Earth's crust, while the water cycle focuses on the movement of water through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff.

2. In the carbon cycle, plants play a key role in absorbing carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, whereas in the water cycle, plants contribute through transpiration.

3. The carbon cycle involves processes such as combustion and decomposition, which release or store carbon, while the water cycle includes processes like infiltration and runoff that regulate water flow.

4. Human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation impact the carbon cycle, whereas pollution and groundwater extraction affect the water cycle.

5. The carbon cycle directly influences climate change through greenhouse gas emissions, while the water cycle regulates weather patterns and ensures water availability.

Importance of the Nitrogen Cycle

1. It supports plant growth by converting atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms like nitrates and ammonium through nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

2. The cycle maintains ecosystem balance by recycling nitrogen to ensure its availability for organisms at various trophic levels.

3. It enhances soil fertility, contributing to better agricultural productivity and food security.

4. Nitrogen is essential for the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids, fundamental for all living organisms.

5. The cycle prevents nitrogen pollution and environmental problems such as eutrophication, thereby ensuring ecological stability.

NURUL FARHANA NAJWA (K2)

2024-11-16 01:17:04 UTC

Compare between carbon cycle and water cycle .

Differences :

1. Focus of Each Cycle.

The carbon cycle focuses on the movement of carbon, an essential element for life, through the atmosphere, living organisms, soil, water, and rocks.
The water cycle revolves around the movement of water through the atmosphere, land, and oceans.

2. Processes Involved.

The carbon cycle includes processes like photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, combustion, and sedimentation.
The water cycle involves processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation, runoff, and infiltration.

3. Energy Source.

The carbon cycle is driven by biological activity (photosynthesis and respiration) and geological activity (volcanic eruptions and rock formation).
The water cycle is powered mainly by solar energy (causing evaporation) and gravity (causing water to flow downhill).

4. Time Scale

The carbon cycle can take years to millions of years, especially when carbon is stored in rocks or fossil fuels.
The water cycle is faster, typically completing within days or weeks.

5. Human Impact.

Human activities like burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes increase CO₂ in the atmosphere, disrupting the carbon cycle.
Human activities like pollution, deforestation, and urbanization affect water availability and quality, disrupting the water cycle.

Similarities:

1. Essential for Life

Both cycles are critical for sustaining life on Earth. The carbon cycle provides carbon for building blocks of life (e.g., proteins, DNA), while the water cycle ensures the availability of water, which is essential for hydration and ecosystems.

2. Movement Through the Environment

Both cycles involve the movement of substances through the atmosphere, land, and water systems. For example, carbon moves through plants, animals, and air, while water cycles between oceans, rivers, and clouds.

3. Interconnectedness.

The cycles are interconnected. For instance, carbon dissolves in water, so the oceans absorb CO₂ from the atmosphere, linking the two cycles. Changes in the carbon cycle (e.g., increased CO₂) can alter climate patterns, affecting the water cycle.

4. Impact of Climate Change.

Disruptions in either cycle contribute to climate change. Excess carbon in the atmosphere leads to global warming, which alters rainfall patterns, evaporation rates, and the overall water cycle.

State the importance of nitrogen cycle.

1. Supports Plant Growth

The nitrogen cycle turns nitrogen from the air into forms like ammonium and nitrate that plants can absorb, helping them grow and forming the base of the food chain.

2. Builds Essential Molecules

Nitrogen is needed to make proteins and DNA, which are vital for all living things.

3. Improves Soil Fertility

The cycle replenishes soil nutrients through processes like nitrogen fixation and decomposition, keeping ecosystems and farms productive.

4. Balances Ecosystems

It regulates nitrogen levels in the air, soil, and water, preventing problems like pollution and algal blooms.

5. Boosts Food Production

The cycle provides nitrogen for crops, ensuring global food security.

MUHAMMAD SYAHIR K2

gipgp24085643 — 2024-11-16 06:32:28 UTC

COMPARE

Reservoirs

c-Major reservoirs include the atmosphere (CO₂), oceans, fossil fuels, soil, and forests (biomass).

w- Major reservoirs are oceans, glaciers, rivers, lakes, soil moisture, and groundwater.

Plant Absorption

c- Plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere during photosynthesis.

w- Plants absorb water mainly from the soil through their roots, which is essential for photosynthesis.

Processes

c- Key processes include photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, combustion, and sedimentation.

w- Key processes include evaporation, condensation, precipitation, transpiration, and runoff.

Human Impact

c- Burning fossil fuels releases excess CO₂, increasing greenhouse gases and leading to climate change.

c- Deforestation reduces carbon storage, increasing CO₂ levels.

w- Water pollution and overuse of freshwater resources strain water availability.

w- Climate change disrupts precipitation patterns, affecting water availability.

IMPORTANCE

Plant Growth: Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plants, as it is a key component of chlorophyll, amino acids, and proteins. Through the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen is converted into forms (like ammonium and nitrate) that plants can absorb and use to grow, ultimately improving crop yields and vegetation health.
Soil Fertility: The nitrogen cycle naturally replenishes nitrogen in the soil, maintaining soil fertility. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil and root nodules of certain plants (like legumes) convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, enriching the soil with nutrients that benefit other plants.
Reducing Nitrogen Pollution: By balancing nitrogen in the environment, the nitrogen cycle helps reduce nitrogen pollution. Processes such as denitrification convert excess nitrates back into nitrogen gas, preventing the accumulation of nitrates in water bodies, which can cause harmful algal blooms and eutrophication.
Support for Ecosystems: The nitrogen cycle supports ecosystems by providing a steady supply of nitrogen to various organisms, sustaining food chains and biodiversity. It maintains the balance of nitrogen in air, soil, and water, allowing ecosystems to thrive without excessive nitrogen buildup or depletion.

NUR DINI BINTI MOHD SERAMAZURI K1

2024-11-16 08:46:31 UTC

1. Comparison between the Carbon Cycle and the Water Cycle

The carbon cycle involves processes like photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and combustion meanwhile the water cycle includes evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection
The carbon cycle stores carbon in the atmosphere, oceans, earth's interior and terestial biosphere while the water cycle holds water in oceans, rivers, glaciers and lakes
The carbon cycle is the process through which carbon moves between the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere while water cycle describes the continuous movement of water through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff.
The carbon cycle provides carbon necessary for forming organic molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids while the water cycle ensures water availability, crucial for hydration, ecosystems, and climate regulation.

2. Importance of the Nitrogen Cycle

Essential for Life, provides nitrogen for the synthesis of amino acids, proteins, DNA, and RNA, which are vital for all living organisms.
Soil Fertility,converts atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms (ammonia, nitrates, nitrites) to support plant growth.
Ecosystem Balance ,maintains a balance of nitrogen between the atmosphere, soil, and organisms, ensuring ecosystem stability.
Agricultural Productivity, enhances crop growth and yield by supplying nitrogen, either naturally through fixation or with fertilizers.
Environmental Health, reduces excess nitrogen accumulation, minimizing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.

SYAFEQ AZREE BIN REZWANEE -K1

srezwanee — 2024-11-16 15:12:30 UTC

1.Comparison between the Carbon Cycle and the Water Cycle

Carbon Cycle:

1)The movement of carbon among the earth's atmosphere,oceans,biosphere and geosphere.

2)It involves processes such as photosynthesis ,respiration,decomposition and the combustion of fossil fuels.

3)Provides carbon for living things to create energy and build tissues . it affects global temperatures and climate because CO2 is a green house gas.

4) Extra CO2 from burning fossil fuels leads to global warming ,climates changes,and ocean acidification.

Water Cycle:

1) The continuous movement of water within the Earth and atmosphere.

2)This cycle includes processes such as evaporation,condensation,precipitation,infiltration and runoff.

3) Fresh water reaches plants,animals,and humans.It controls weather and climate patterns and supports all living organisms.

4)Changes from deforestation or climate change can course drought,flood,and water shortage.

2.Importance of the Nitrogen Cycle

1)It support plant growth by nitrogen were used to produce chlorophyll,which is essential for photosynthesis.This process enables plants to create food and energy.

2)Nitrogen is a part of proteins and nucleic acids,which are the building blocks of cells in all living organisms.

3)Excessive use of nitrogen- based fertilizers can disrupt the natural nitrogen cycle,leading to problems such as water pollution,algal blooms and eutrophication.

ADAM SAFIY K1

2024-11-16 15:20:09 UTC

Comparison between carbon cycle and water cycle

The carbon cycle involves carbon in various forms such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane, carbonates, and organic matter. The water cycle deals with water in its liquid, vapor, and solid states.
The carbon cycle includes processes like photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition and combustion. In contrast, the water cycle involves evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, runoff, and transpiration.
The carbon cycle regulates greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, which play a critical role in controlling global temperatures. The water cycle influences climate by affecting precipitation patterns and cloud formation.
The carbon cycle is driven by biological activities such as photosynthesis and respiration, along with geological processes like volcanic eruptions. The water cycle, however, is primarily driven by solar energy and gravity.

Important of Nitrogen Cycle

Nitrogen is importance to support the plant growth. Nitrogen is a critical component of chlorophyll, which plants use in photosynthesis. The cycle ensures plants have access to usable forms of nitrogen, like nitrates and ammonium.
The cycle contributes to soil fertility by replenishing nitrogen in the soil, making it vital for agriculture and crop production.
The nitrogen cycle provides nitrogen, an essential element for the formation of amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), and other biological molecules.
Decomposers play a role in the nitrogen cycle by breaking down organic matter, releasing nitrogen back into the soil and atmosphere.

CAROL KOO JIA LE / K2

gipgp23083489 — 2024-11-16 16:38:42 UTC

Compare between carbon cycle and water cycle.
- Aspect reservoirs
  Carbon Cycle focuses on reservoirs of carbon-containing compounds, including solid (coal, rocks), liquid (oil, dissolved CO₂ in oceans), and gaseous (CO₂, methane) forms while water cycle deals with reservoirs of water in its three states (solid, liquid, gas), distributed across the planet's surface and atmosphere.
- Aspect processes involved
  Processes carbon cycle include photosynthesis, where plants convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) into organic matter; respiration, which releases CO₂ back into the atmosphere; and decomposition, where microorganisms break down organic materials, emitting carbon gases. Other significant processes include combustion of fossil fuels and biomass. While processes water cycle includes evaporation of water from surfaces due to solar energy, transpiration from plants, and condensation that forms clouds. Precipitation brings water back to the surface as rain or snow, followed by processes like infiltration into the ground and runoff into water bodies. Additional processes, such as sublimation (direct conversion of ice to vapor) and deposition (vapor to ice), also play roles. While both cycles involve transfers between reservoirs, the carbon cycle emphasizes energy and chemical transformations, whereas the water cycle is driven primarily by physical phase change.
- Aspect role in ecosystems
  Carbon cycle provide carbon for organic molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, making it a vital element of life. While water cycle provide fresh water, which is critical for the structure and function of cells for maintaining turgor pressure in plants and facilitating molecular transport .
Importance of nitrogen cycle.
The nitrogen cycle is essential for sustaining life on Earth, particularly in supporting plant growth. Nitrogen is a key element required for the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA, which are fundamental for cellular processes, energy transfer, and overall development in plants. Additionally, the nitrogen cycle plays a crucial role in maintaining soil fertility by converting atmospheric nitrogen into forms like nitrates and ammonium, which plants can readily absorb. This process ensures a continuous supply of nutrients for agriculture and natural vegetation. Beyond its role in plant and soil health, the nitrogen cycle supports ecosystems by providing nitrogen to all organisms through the food chain, thereby maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem balance. Moreover, the cycle helps mitigate nitrogen toxicity in the environment and reduces pollution risks. By controlling nitrogen levels, it prevents the harmful effects of eutrophication, where excessive nitrogen leads to algal blooms and oxygen depletion in water bodies, ultimately safeguarding aquatic life and water quality.

PUTERI QISTINA ADRIANA BINTI ABDUL KARIM K2

gipgp23083924 — 2024-11-17 08:14:19 UTC

A Comparison of the Water Cycle and the Carbon Cycle

While the water cycle concentrates on the constant flow of water through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff, the carbon cycle deals with the exchange of carbon between the atmosphere, biosphere, seas, and rocks. The water cycle depends on physical changes like evaporation and precipitation, whereas the carbon cycle involves processes like photosynthesis, respiration, and combustion. Whereas water is stored in glaciers, oceans, and groundwater, carbon is stored in the atmosphere, living things, and soil. Both cycles are necessary for life; the water cycle guarantees that there is water available for living, while the carbon cycle controls Earth's temperature and gives organisms energy. Pollution affects the water cycle, while human activities like deforestation affect the carbon cycle.

Why the Nitrogen Cycle Is Important

Ecosystems depend on the nitrogen cycle because:

1. Promotes Plant Growth: transforms atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) into forms that plants can absorb and utilise for growth, such as nitrates (NO₃⁻) and ammonium (NH₄⁺).

2. Constructs Proteins and DNA: A vital component of proteins, amino acids, and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA), nitrogen is necessary for all living things.

3. Maintains Ecosystem Balance: Controls nitrogen availability to maintain ecosystem productivity and avoid excess nitrogen, which can cause problems like water eutrophication.

4. Maintains Food Chains: Bacteria that fix nitrogen enable plants to flourish, which forms the base of food chains and sustains animal existence.

Ecosystems wouldn't have the nutrients needed to support life if the nitrogen cycle didn't exist.

NUR FARIESYA WAHEDA BINTI WAHID K2

wahidfariesya30_ — 2024-11-17 12:57:12 UTC

1) The processes involved in the carbon cycle include photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and combustion. For example, during photosynthesis, plants absorb carbon dioxide to produce glucose, while in combustion, carbon is released back into the atmosphere. Meanwhile, the water cycle consists of processes such as evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and transpiration, which can occur in the form of solid, liquid, or water vapour. Next, in carbon cycle, carbon is stored in various reservoirs, including the atmosphere as carbon dioxide, the ocean as dissolved carbon, the biosphere within living organisms and terrestrial environments like soil and rocks. Additionally, fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas, which contain carbon will be released back into the atmosphere when burned. While, in the water cycle, water is stored in the ocean, frozen in glaciers, present in the atmosphere as water vapour and within living organisms and plants in the biosphere. It is also stored underground as groundwater in aquifers, which plays a critical role in maintaining water availability. In addition to that, carbon cycle also plays a vital role by providing carbon for the formation of organic molecules which is the basic parts of life. Since carbon forms the backbone of these molecules, it is essential for the survival and functioning of all living organism. Meanwhile, in water cycle, it ensures the availability of fresh water by distributing it trough processes like evaporation, condersation and precipitation. It also plays a crucial role in maintaining a steady supply of fresh water necessary for the survival of plants, animals and humans.

2) The nitrogen cycle is important because it supports plant growth by helping plants synthesis proteins and nucleic acids, which are essential for building cells and enabling development. It also maintains soil fertility by replenishing vital nutrients, supporting agriculture and ensuring healthy and productive crop yields. Furthermore, the cycle sustains ecosystems by providing nitrogen to all living organisms, ensuring a balanced flow of nutrients through the environment. Additionally, it helps reduce nitrogen toxicity and pollution by converting excess nitrogen into safer forms, preventing environmental harm and protecting water and soil quality.

Aizat Hazimi K2

gipgp24085631 — 2024-11-17 14:35:32 UTC

Comparison between carbon cycle and water cycle

The carbon cycle involves carbon in various forms such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane, carbonates, and organic matter. The water cycle deals with water in its liquid, vapor, and solid states.
The carbon cycle includes processes like photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition and combustion. In contrast, the water cycle involves evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, runoff, and transpiration.
The carbon cycle regulates greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, which play a critical role in controlling global temperatures. The water cycle influences climate by affecting precipitation patterns and cloud formation.
The carbon cycle is driven by biological activities such as photosynthesis and respiration, along with geological processes like volcanic eruptions. The water cycle, however, is primarily driven by solar energy and gravity.

Important of Nitrogen Cycle

Nitrogen is importance to support the plant growth. Nitrogen is a critical component of chlorophyll, which plants use in photosynthesis. The cycle ensures plants have access to usable forms of nitrogen, like nitrates and ammonium.
The cycle contributes to soil fertility by replenishing nitrogen in the soil, making it vital for agriculture and crop production.
The nitrogen cycle provides nitrogen, an essential element for the formation of amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), and other biological molecules.
Decomposers play a role in the nitrogen cycle by breaking down organic matter, releasing nitrogen back into the soil and atmosphere.

NOR ANIES AYUNI BINTI AZIZUL (K1)

2024-11-17 16:46:15 UTC

1.Compare between Carbon cycle and Water cycle

Carbon Cycle usually key processes include photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, combustion (burning of fossil fuels), and oceanic absorption and release.Meanwhile Water Cycle key processes involve evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation ,rain, snow and runoff.

Besides, Carbon Cycle involving the carbon moves between living organisms, the atmosphere, soil, and oceans. Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and convert it into organic matter, which animals consume. When organisms respire, carbon is released back into the atmosphere.Meanwhile,Water Cycle is Water moves through evaporation (from water bodies and land) forms clouds through condensation, falls as precipitation, and returns to water bodies or infiltrates the ground as groundwater.

Other than that Carbon Cycle is essential for life as it is the basis for energy transfer in ecosystems. Carbon in the form of carbon dioxide is crucial for photosynthesis, while stored carbon in fossil fuels provides energy for human use.Meanwhile Water Cycle is usually Critical for sustaining life, as it distributes water necessary for drinking, agriculture, and other biological processes. It helps regulate the Earth’s temperature and supports various ecosystems.

The importance of nitrogen cycle

-the Nutrient supply for Plants:Nitrogen is an essential component of amino acids and nucleic acids, making it a crucial element for plant growth and development. The nitrogen cycle converts inert nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into usable forms like ammonia and nitrates through nitrogen fixation.

-Protein Synthesis: Animals and humans rely on the nitrogen cycle to obtain nitrogen for building proteins. Plants absorb nitrates from the soil, and animals acquire nitrogen by consuming plants or other animals.

-Soil Fertility: The nitrogen cycle enriches soil by replenishing essential nutrients, promoting healthy plant growth. This is significant for agriculture, as it ensures that crops receive the nitrogen they need for optimal yield.

-Ecosystem Balance: By cycling nitrogen through the atmosphere, soil, and living organisms, the nitrogen cycle maintains ecological balance. It helps in the breakdown of organic matter and prevents the accumulation of nitrogenous waste in the environment.

NOOR AJWA SAFIA BINTI ZAINAL AZHAR K2

2024-11-17 17:00:56 UTC

1. Processes involved

In the carbon cycle, photosynthesis is a key process where plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere and convert it into glucose. Respiration by animals and plants releases CO₂ back into the atmosphere. Decomposition of dead organic matter by microorganisms releases carbon compounds into the soil and air. Combustion, such as the burning of fossil fuels and biomass, also releases CO₂ into the atmosphere. Additionally, carbonate formation in oceans and the weathering of rocks contribute to the long-term storage and release of carbon.

In the water cycle, evaporation is a key process where water changes from liquid to vapor due to heat from the sun. This vapor condenses in the atmosphere to form clouds in a process called condensation. Precipitation, such as rain or snow, occurs when the water in clouds becomes too heavy to remain suspended. Water infiltrates into the soil in a process called infiltration, and excess water moves across the surface as runoff. Transpiration, the release of water vapor by plants, also plays a critical role in moving water from the biosphere to the atmosphere.

2.⁠ ⁠Reservoirs

In the carbon cycle, carbon is stored in several reservoirs. The atmosphere contains carbon in the form of CO₂ and methane. The biosphere stores carbon in living organisms, such as plants and animals, as well as in decomposed organic matter. The lithosphere acts as a long-term reservoir through fossil fuels, soil, and carbonate rocks. The hydrosphere also stores carbon, particularly as dissolved CO₂ in oceans and other water bodies.

In the water cycle, water is stored in multiple reservoirs. The atmosphere holds water in the form of vapor. The hydrosphere stores most of the Earth’s water in oceans, rivers, lakes, and groundwater. The cryosphere acts as a reservoir by storing water in the form of ice and snow in glaciers and ice caps. The biosphere contains water within the cells of plants and animals.

3.⁠ ⁠Role in the Ecosystem

The carbon cycle plays a crucial role in regulating global temperatures by controlling the levels of greenhouse gases like CO₂ in the atmosphere. Carbon is also essential for life, as it is a fundamental component of biological molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. The carbon cycle influences soil fertility and supports plant growth, which sustains ecosystems and food chains.

The water cycle is essential for maintaining life on Earth by regulating climate and hydrating organisms. It helps transport nutrients through processes like erosion and sediment movement, which are vital for ecosystem health. The water cycle also plays a key role in influencing weather patterns and stabilizing global temperatures by redistributing heat across the planet.

2. The importance of nitrogen cycle

The nitrogen cycle is essential for plant growth as it allows plants to synthesize proteins and nucleic acids, which are necessary for their development and reproduction.
It helps maintain the fertility of soil by replenishing nitrogen compounds, which supports agricultural productivity and improves crop yields.
The nitrogen cycle plays a crucial role in supporting ecosystems by providing nitrogen, an essential nutrient for the survival of plants and other organisms.
It helps reduce nitrogen toxicity by converting excess nitrogen from chemical fertilizers into usable forms or releasing it into the atmosphere. However, if the nitrogen cycle is disrupted, it can lead to eutrophication, which negatively impacts aquatic ecosystems.

Nik Ahmad Azim bin Nik Mud (K1)

gipgp23081299 — 2024-11-17 17:18:41 UTC

Nur Husna Adilla (K2)

2024-11-18 03:37:51 UTC

The carbon cycle refers to the movement of carbon (in the form of carbon dioxide) between the atmosphere, plants, animals, land, and oceans while the water cycle involves the movement of water in the form of liquid, vapor, and ice between the atmosphere, the earth's surface (seas, rivers, lakes), and land.
carbon cycle helps control the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and affects the global climate while the water cycle This cycle ensures that water is continuously available for plant, animal, and human life
For carbon cycle, carbon comes from fossil fuels, plants, animals, and the atmosphere. and for water it comes from natural sources such as oceans, rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere.

i) Nutrient Sources for Plants because Nitrogen is essential for plants for growth and the formation of proteins and DNA. Healthy plants produce food that supports the life of animals and humans.

ii) Reduce environmental pollution like water pollution because nitrates in the soil transform into nitrogen gas which can help reduce water pollution caused by excess nitrates.

iii) The nitrogen cycle reduces the release of greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide, which contributes to climate change. The process of nitrification and decomposition in the nitrogen cycle increases soil fertility, which in turn reduces the need for synthetic steel that can pollute the environment.

NUR BAIIYAH BT CHE SULIMAN (K1)

2024-11-18 03:57:00 UTC

The carbon cycle and water cycle are both important processes in nature, but they work in different ways. The carbon cycle moves carbon through the air, plants, animals, soil, and oceans. This happens through processes like photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition. The main storage areas for carbon are the atmosphere, living things, soil, and fossil fuels. Meanwhile, the water cycle moves water through evaporation, condensation, rainfall, and runoff. Water is stored in places like oceans, rivers, glaciers, and the air. The carbon cycle is important for creating energy in living things, while the water cycle provides water needed for life. Human activities, like burning fuels and polluting water, can harm both cycles and affect the environment.

The nitrogen cycle is also very important for life. It provides nitrogen that plants and animals need to grow. Nitrogen is used to make proteins and DNA, which are essential for all living things. Plants absorb nitrogen in forms like ammonium and nitrate, which helps them grow and keeps the soil fertile. This cycle also supports farming and food production, ensuring we have enough food. It also helps balance nitrogen levels in the air, keeping the environment healthy.

NUR FATIHAH BINTI MAT NOR (K1)

gipgp24085642 — 2024-11-18 04:04:41 UTC

1.Comparison Between the Carbon Cycle and the Water Cycle

The carbon cycle focuses on the movement of carbon, an essential element in organic molecules, through different reservoirs such as the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. Key processes include photosynthesis, where plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO₂) to produce oxygen and organic compounds, and respiration, where organisms release CO₂ back into the atmosphere. Other processes like combustion and decomposition further transfer carbon between living and non-living systems. Carbon stored in fossil fuels can take millions of years to re-enter the cycle, showing the long-term nature of some aspects of the carbon cycle.

In contrast, the water cycle describes the continuous movement of water through the atmosphere, land, and oceans. This cycle is powered by solar energy, which drives evaporation from water bodies. Water vapor then condenses to form clouds and falls as precipitation. Processes like infiltration and runoff transport water across the Earth's surface, while plants contribute through transpiration. Unlike the carbon cycle, the water cycle occurs on a shorter time scale, often completing within days or months.

2.Importance of the Nitrogen Cycle

The nitrogen cycle is a cornerstone of life on Earth, ensuring that nitrogen, an essential element for biological processes, is available in usable forms. Nitrogen exists abundantly in the atmosphere, comprising approximately 78% of the air we breathe. However, in its atmospheric form (N₂), nitrogen is inert and unavailable to most living organisms. The nitrogen cycle transforms this gas into compounds that are vital for life.

Nitrogen is a key component of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, as well as DNA and RNA, the molecules that carry genetic information. Through nitrogen fixation, specialized bacteria and lightning convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia (NH₃) or nitrates (NO₃⁻), forms that plants can absorb. Plants use these compounds to grow, forming the base of the food chain. Animals then obtain nitrogen by consuming plants or other animals.

The nitrogen cycle also supports soil fertility, which is critical for agriculture. Decomposition and waste release nitrogen back into the soil, maintaining nutrient levels. Human activities, such as using fertilizers, augment this natural process but can also disrupt the cycle, leading to environmental challenges like water pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.

By regulating nitrogen availability, the nitrogen cycle maintains ecosystem productivity and stability. It is essential for food security and the survival of life on Earth. Without this cycle, the biosphere would face a severe nitrogen deficiency, halting the production of proteins and nucleic acids crucial for all living organisms.

ZULAIKHA BINTI MOHD ZULKIFLE K2

2024-11-18 04:06:49 UTC

1. Comparison Between Carbon Cycle and Water Cycle

- Definition: The carbon cycle refers to the transfer of carbon between the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere, while the water cycle describes the continuous circulation of water through the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere, driven by physical forces.

- Key Processes: Biological and chemical processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, combustion, and ocean absorption drive the carbon cycle. In contrast, the water cycle depends on physical processes, including evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, runoff, and transpiration.

- Reservoirs: Carbon is stored in the atmosphere (as CO₂), fossil fuels, soil, oceans, and living organisms, whereas water is stored in forms such as atmospheric water vapor, oceans, rivers, lakes, glaciers, and groundwater.

- Role in Climate: The carbon cycle controls atmospheric CO₂ levels, which significantly influence global temperature and climate patterns. Meanwhile, the water cycle regulates humidity and precipitation, affecting weather patterns and temperature stability.

- Impact of Disruption: Disruptions in the carbon cycle, such as increased CO₂ emissions, contribute to climate change and ocean acidification. On the other hand, disturbances in the water cycle, such as overextraction or pollution, lead to problems like water scarcity, droughts, and floods.

- Biological Relevance: The carbon cycle provides the carbon necessary for forming essential molecules like DNA and proteins, fundamental to life. Similarly, the water cycle is vital for hydration and metabolic activities, ensuring the survival of all organisms.

2. Importance of Nitrogen Cycle

- The nitrogen cycle is essential for plant growth, as plants need nitrogen in forms such as ammonium (NH₄⁺) and nitrate (NO₃⁻) to synthesize chlorophyll and other compounds necessary for photosynthesis.

- It is critical for protein production since nitrogen is a key component of DNA and proteins, which are crucial for the growth, reproduction, and functioning of all living organisms.

- Nitrogen-fixing bacteria enhance soil fertility by converting atmospheric nitrogen into forms that plants can absorb, supporting agricultural and ecological productivity.

- The cycle maintains ecosystem balance by preventing nutrient imbalances, which can cause problems like eutrophication and harm aquatic biodiversity.

- Globally, the nitrogen cycle ensures the stability of ecosystems by supporting life processes in both terrestrial and aquatic environments, highlighting its significance in maintaining ecological health.

NUR SYAMIMI SYUHADA BINTI SA’ARI (K2)

2024-11-18 04:09:58 UTC

1.The carbon cycle and water cycle are both important processes that support life on Earth, but they work in different ways. The carbon cycle is the movement of carbon between the Earth's land, air, oceans, and living things. It includes processes like photosynthesis, where plants take in carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air to make energy, and respiration, where animals and plants release CO2 back into the air. When living things die and break down, carbon is also released. Natural events like volcanic eruptions and the breaking down of rocks help store and release carbon over time. Human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and cutting down forests, have changed the carbon cycle by adding more CO2 to the air, which leads to climate change.

On the other hand, the water cycle is about the continuous movement of water on Earth. Water moves between oceans, rivers, lakes, the atmosphere, and underground water sources. This cycle is mainly driven by the sun's energy, which causes water to evaporate from surfaces and plants to release water vapor. This vapor rises and cools to form clouds, which eventually leads to rain, snow, or other forms of precipitation. Water then goes back to rivers and oceans or soaks into the ground to refill underground water. Unlike the carbon cycle, the water cycle is influenced more by physical forces like sunlight and gravity, rather than living things.

Essential for Living Organisms: Nitrogen is a fundamental component of amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), and other biomolecules essential for life. The nitrogen cycle makes nitrogen available to plants, which are then consumed by animals and humans to obtain this essential nutrient.

Maintains Ecosystem Balance: The nitrogen cycle helps maintain a balance between the different forms of nitrogen in the environment. This balance ensures that ecosystems function properly, supporting plant growth and sustaining the food chain.

Supports Plant Growth: Plants need nitrogen in the form of nitrates or ammonium to grow. The nitrogen cycle converts atmospheric nitrogen (which most plants cannot directly use) into forms that plants can absorb and use for their development, leading to healthier crops and vegetation

Siti Nur Afrina (K2)

2024-11-18 04:35:52 UTC

Question 1

The carbon cycle involves the movement of carbon in various forms, such as carbon dioxide, organic matter, and fossil fuels, while the water cycle involves the movement of water in different states, including liquid, vapor, and ice.
The processes in the carbon cycle include photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, combustion, and sedimentation, whereas the water cycle involves evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, and runoff.
The main reservoirs in the carbon cycle are the atmosphere, oceans, fossil fuels, and living organisms, while the water cycle's reservoirs include oceans, rivers, glaciers, groundwater, and the atmosphere.
The carbon cycle is primarily driven by biological processes like photosynthesis and respiration, as well as geological processes, while the water cycle is powered by solar energy, which drives evaporation and precipitation.

Question 2

Provides Essential Nutrients
The nitrogen cycle converts atmospheric nitrogen, which is inert and unusable by most organisms, into forms like ammonium and nitrate. These compounds are essential nutrients for plants, which form the base of food chains.
Supports Protein and DNA Synthesis
Nitrogen is a critical component of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, and nucleotides, which form DNA and RNA. Without the nitrogen cycle, life would lack the foundation for growth and reproduction.
Maintains Ecosystem Balance
The nitrogen cycle ensures a continuous supply of nitrogen in ecosystems. Processes like nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, and decomposition balance nitrogen availability, preventing excessive accumulation or depletion in the environment.
Improves Agricultural Productivity
The cycle naturally enriches soils with nitrogen compounds, which are vital for plant growth. Human activities, such as adding fertilizers, mimic aspects of the nitrogen cycle to enhance crop yields.

Nur Ain Syafiqah K2

gipgp23082820_ — 2024-11-20 07:03:58 UTC

1. Xylem and phloem

2.Guttation is a secretion of water droplets through a special structure at the end of the leaf veins without involving the stomata caused by a high root pressure.

Nur Ain Syafiqah K2

gipgp23082820_ — 2024-11-20 07:08:12 UTC

(a) anther

b) filament

c) petal

d) sepal

e) stigma

f) style

g) ovary

h) receptacle