EV - 1 Formative Assessment by minna rowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot Subject - Science en-us 2021-02-24 10:04:34 UTC 2026-01-07 22:47:24 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f9e1.png #Topic 2- Prepare a brief report about the coal industry in India with focus on minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482340690 2021-05-02 12:33:41 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482340690 State-owned enterprise Coal India is the largest coal mining company in the world. The coal sector is a major source of revenue for states and the central government. Also, while renewable energy capacity is dramatically increasing, coal still provides around 70 percent of the country's electricity minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482356221 2021-05-02 12:45:05 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482356221 Mining Stations minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482356675 2021-05-02 12:45:24 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482356675 minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482359315 Jharia - Jharkhand
Bokaro - Jharkhand
Godda - Jharkhand
Raniganj Coalfield - West Bengal
Birbhum Coalfield - West Bengal
Korba - Chhattisgarh
Jarsuguda - Odisha
Talcher - Odisha
Singareni - Telangana
Neyveli - Tamil Nadu
Nagpur - Maharashtra
Ledo - Assam
Singrauli - Madhya Pradesh

]]> 2021-05-02 12:47:26 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482359315 Important Years minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482368975 2021-05-02 12:54:52 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482368975 1973 - 1974 minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482400721 2021-05-02 13:14:52 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482400721 Nationalization of coal mines, in order to provide for a higher growth in coal sector to meet the growing energy needs of the country.Incorporation of our Company as 'Coal Mines Authority Limited'. minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482401236 2021-05-02 13:15:19 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482401236 1975 - 1976 minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482401960 2021-05-02 13:15:50 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482401960 Change of name of our Company to 'Coal India Limited'.Incorporation of CMPDIL, ECL and WCL, and formation of BCCL, CCL, CMPDIL, ECL and WCL, as our Subsidiaries. minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482402496 2021-05-02 13:16:13 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482402496 1979 - 1980 minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482403390 2021-05-02 13:16:52 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482403390 Construction of the low temperature carbonized plant started in Dankuni Coal Complex.The pricing policy of CMPDIL was reviewed to ensure that the company was working on a commercial line instead of working on "no profit no loss" basis. minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482403825 2021-05-02 13:17:12 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482403825 Important Years {continuation} minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482404463 2021-05-02 13:17:45 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482404463 1980 - 1981 minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482405539 2021-05-02 13:18:37 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482405539 Construction of five new washeries: Moonidih washery, Ramgarh washery, Mohuda washery, Barora washery, Kedla washery.Overall production of coal by our Company and our Subsidiaries crossed 100 million tonnes. minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482406124 2021-05-02 13:19:05 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482406124 1982 - 1983 minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482406354 2021-05-02 13:19:17 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482406354 Introduction of retention prices of coal by amending the Colliery Control Order, 1945 by notification dated March 31, 1982, in respect of our Subsidiaries. minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482406963 2021-05-02 13:19:43 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482406963 1985 - 1986 minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482408653 2021-05-02 13:20:22 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482408653 Formation of NCL and SECL as Subsidiaries of our Company, to manage certain mines managed by WCL and CCL minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482409180 2021-05-02 13:20:50 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482409180 1987 - 1989 minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482409458 2021-05-02 13:21:02 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482409458 Blasting Gallery Method' introduced at East Katras mine under BCCL and Chora mine under ECL. minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482410656 2021-05-02 13:21:48 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482410656 1991 - 1992 minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482411141 2021-05-02 13:22:14 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482411141 Uptrend of profit started in 1991 and our Company earned a profit of Rs. 1,670 million in Fiscal 1992.Overall production of coal by our Company and our Subsidiaries crossed 200 million tonnes.Fixing of coal prices once a year to compensate for increase in price of inputs on a normative cost basis, and adoption of the escalation formula prescribed by the Bureau of Industrial Cost and Prices ("BICP"). minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482411978 2021-05-02 13:22:49 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482411978 Approval of a financial restructuring package by the Government, whereby Rs. 8,917 million of interest liability was waived, Rs. 9,041.8 million of plan loan repayment arrears was converted to preference equity and Rs. 4,326.4 million of non plan payment arrears were allowed a moratorium for repayment and interest accrual for a period of three years, to be repaid in three equal instalments.A profit of Rs. 6,116 million in Fiscal 1996 was earned by our Company.1992-93 Formation of MCL as our Subsidiary to manage mines Talcher and IB valley in the state of Orissa. minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482413680 2021-05-02 13:23:55 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482413680 1992 - 1996 minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482413880 2021-05-02 13:24:06 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482413880 1997 - 1998 minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482414572 2021-05-02 13:24:41 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482414572 Corporatization of the financial flow between our Company and Subsidiaries, such that our Company is to receive only dividends under applicable policy from our Subsidiaries and the corpus of our Company was to be utilized to provide strategic support to a loss making entity only for, inter alia, maintaining their productive capital assets.Sanction of loan of USD 1.03 billion from the World Bank and the Japanese Bank for International Co-operation for implementing 24 highly viable open case projects with global sourcing of equipments, of which USD 484.40 million was availed during the period between Fiscal 1998 to Fiscal 2004.1996-97 Rating of 'A+', indicating adequate safety with regard to timely payment of interest and principal, awarded by CRISIL in respect of the Rs. 4,000 million bond issue by our Company.Adoption of financial viability as the basis for approval of coal development projects.Discontinuation of retention prices scheme and the Coal Price Regulation Account (CPRA), with the deregulation in prices of certain grades of coal. minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482415276 2021-05-02 13:25:14 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482415276 Overall production of coal by our Company and our Subsidiaries crosses 300 million tonnes.2001-02 Laying down of a minimum internal rate of return of 12% at 85% capacity utilization as cut off for the development of a project. minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482416110 2021-05-02 13:25:58 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482416110 *impact on economy minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482416872 2021-05-02 13:26:31 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482416872 minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482417901  Besides playing a crucial role in the energy sector, coal is traditionally considered as an important economic sector in the country. It provides employment to around 355,000 people, although there is significant uncertainty around these numbers and the actual number is likely to be somewhat higher (maybe in the order of 500,000 direct jobs).13 As seen in the figure below, the employment of labour in this sector has been decreasing substantially, because of rapid improvements in labour productivity.1 ]]> 2021-05-02 13:27:20 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482417901 It can be estimated that the labour productivity ofthe Indian coal mining sector improved by about 6.6%per year in the period 2000-14, as output grew by 4.9%per year and employment in the sector declined by 1.8%per year.16 This is similar to the rate of labour productivityimprovement seen in the period 1980-1995 in theUK, during which the Thatcher reforms disrupted theheavily unionized sector, ushering in rapid productivityimprovements, but also lasting socio-economic damageto coal mining regions.17 India’s labour productivity of coalmining still has some way to fall, being about two timeshigher than the global average minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482420908 2021-05-02 13:29:33 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482420908 Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL), Central Coalfields Limited (CCL), Eastern Coalfields Limited (ECL), Western Coalfields Limited (WCL), South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL), Northern Coalfields Limited (NCL), Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL) and Central Mine Planning and Design Institute (CMPDI). minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482422675 2021-05-02 13:30:56 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482422675 organisations involved minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482422947 2021-05-02 13:31:08 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482422947 Benefits of CoalCoal energy has three main advantages when compared to other sources of renewable and nonrenewable energy. It is abundant, relatively inexpensive and requires lower capital expenditures to construct a coal-burning power plant. Found in more than 70 countries around the world, coal reserves are estimated at close to 1 trillion tons. The reserves are expected to outlast oil and gas. This creates long-term stable prices. The largest concentrations of coal are also in major industrialized countries like Russia, China, India and the United States. minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482425848 2021-05-02 13:33:06 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1482425848 Pro's and Con's minnarowther https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1484169634 2021-05-03 07:25:19 UTC https://padlet.com/minnarowther/96hdiasqrkgsozot/wish/1484169634