by Adam Reid https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72 Made with a warm hug en-us 2019-04-11 13:36:51 UTC 2025-12-20 06:11:40 UTC hello@padlet.com Eggs adamreid02 https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350772348 Contains: Carbs, Proteins, and Lipids.]]> 2019-04-11 13:51:11 UTC https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350772348 Mouth adamreid02 https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350772469 Here the food is broken down both physically and chemically. Salivary Amylase is released to break down the carbs which converts it to maltose. (Smaller Carbs). Salivary Glands are also used for this action. There are three parts of Salivary Glands. There is Parotid glands where the food is being broken down on the side of the cheeks, there is sub mandibular glands which is at the floor of the mouth and sublingual glands which is under the tongue. In this process, teeth and the tongue is being used. The teeth is used to break down the food (mastication). The tongue forms food into a ball of food called bolus before swallowing.  The food is than swallowed and set through the Pharynx. This is the muscles part of the throat. It's muscular walls serves as a pathway for the food.
Mucus is also found in the mouth. It is a slippery and slimy substance which is produced by many lining tissues in the body. It acts as a protective and moisturising layer to keep organs from drying out.]]> 2019-04-11 13:51:31 UTC https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350772469 Esophagus adamreid02 https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350779090 Here the bolus is being transferred from the mouth to the stomach by a tube. It enters the peristalsis which  moves food to different processing stations in the digestive tract. The peristalsis is a smooth muscle contraction. It than produces mucus for lubrication. The bolus also passes through the Cardiac Sphincter. This is a circular muscle at the joint of the esophagus and the stomach. When relaxed, it allows the bolus to enter the stomach, when contraction it prevents the bolus to re-enter the esophagus.

]]> 2019-04-11 14:04:46 UTC https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350779090 Stomach adamreid02 https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350806335 The stomach is a J-shaped muscular and glandular organ on the left side of the body below the diaphragm. It is mainly used to store food. It is the first place where Chemical Digestion of proteins happen. It produces gastrin, which releases more gastric juice from gastric glands. The stomach stimulates the parietal cells to secrete HCl, and also stimulates chief cells to secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen are inactive forms of pepsin. Pepsin is the chief enzyme in the stomach which break down proteins into polypeptides. In the stomach, mechanical churning of food turns into chyme by smooth muscle fibres. HCl is than doing its job breaking down proteins. It also is used to convert enzyme pepisnogen into pepsin. ]]> 2019-04-11 14:55:50 UTC https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350806335 Duodenum adamreid02 https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350814518 This is the first 30cm of the small intestine. The duodenum receives acid chyme's from the stomach.  Pancreas, Gallbladder, 
Liver are accessory organs that work with the small intestine. They give out pancreatic juice from pancreas, and bile from the gall bladder. This is where peristalsis occurs. Large amounts of chemical digestion also happens here. HCO3 provides optimal pH 8-9 for lipase breaking down lipids. 

Enterokinase converts trypsinogen to trypsin to break down proteins. Erepsin further breaks down proteins into amino acids. Pancreatic amylase breaks down starch into disaccharides to eventually make glucose. Maltase breaks down maltose. Nuclease breaks down nucleic acids.

The physical digestion of the duodenum is when the bile begins its first emulsification of lipids. This is when lipids are physically broken down into lipid droplets. Cholecystokinin is released into the duodenum and stimulates the gall bladder to release bile for the physical digestion.
 
]]> 2019-04-11 15:09:50 UTC https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350814518 Jejenum adamreid02 https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350840047 The Jejenum is the second part of the small intestine. It is an increased surface area of intestinal cells by microvilli which further increases absorption of monomers/nutrients that were chemically broken down. Undigested material is transported to the large intestine by peristalsis. 

Ileum
This is the final section of the small intestine. It absorbs B12, bile acids and connects to the large intestine.]]> 2019-04-11 15:56:42 UTC https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350840047 Large Intestine adamreid02 https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350843313 The large intestine contains a series of pouches that have a puckered appearance and also contains smooth muscle fibres for peristalsis. It holds anaerobic bacteria called E.coli, which synthesises vitamins B, and K. The food is also brought into the colon which reabsorbs fluids and processes wastes products from the body and prepares for elimination in the anus. ]]> 2019-04-11 16:03:23 UTC https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/350843313 Rectum/Anus adamreid02 https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/351241702 This is the Last 20cm of the large intestine which is controlled by a sphincter muscle. It holds and stores feces and opens into the anus. It eliminates feces by relaxing the sphincter muscles. ]]> 2019-04-12 17:09:40 UTC https://padlet.com/adamreid02/96eo89d66a72/wish/351241702