Nutrients Lesson 6 by Carolina Cervantes

2 Types of Carbs

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1. Simple

2. Complex

Simple Carbohydrate

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Complex Carbohydrate

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How the Body Uses Them

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Both types of carbohydrates can be pretty healthy. It's all about moderation. It's better if you're limiting sugars, such as candy, and eating more complex carbohydrates, such as oatmeal and vegetables. When you eat carbs, your body breaks them down into simple sugars and your bloodstream absorbs them. Then, your pancreas releases insulin which is needed to move the sugar into cells which can then be used for energy.

Fat

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Fat is a component in food. Depending on the food, some food items have more fat than others. Fat in itself is not bad. Fat is needed for smaller children to develop their brains. It becomes bad when too much is eaten. You should get about 30% of daily calories from fat. There are 3 types of fat: unsaturated, saturated, and trans. Unsaturated fats can be found in olive oil, salmon, and peanut oil. Saturated fats can be found in baked goods, milk, butter and cheese. Trans fats can be found in margarine or a product that says "hydrogenated". Like saturated fats, trans fats can raise cholesteral and increase your risk of heart disease.

Protein

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Protein builds, maintains, and replaces the tissues in your body. Amino acids are basic units once the protein is broken down. Those amino acids can then be reused to make the proteins your body needs to maintain muscles, bones, blood, and body organs. Protein from animal sources that contain all nine essential amino acids are called complete proteins. Most vegetable protein is then considered incomplete because it lacks a few of the amino acids.

Complete Protein

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Incomplete Protein

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Vitamins and Minerals

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Vitamins and minerals make peoples' bodies work properly. There are fat and water soluble vitamins. Fat soluble vitamins include A,D,E & K while fat soluble vitamins include C and B-complex. Vitamins and minerals boost the immune system, support normal growth and development, and help cells and organs do their jobs

Water

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All living things must have water to survive. Without water, the body would stop working properly. Water makes up half of your body weight. Your blood, which has a lot of water, carries oxygen to cells in your body. People can't go a few days without water or else they would die. There isn't an exact amount of water that someone should have each day but you should never let yourself get dehydrated. You should be drinking enough water to maintain your body.