The native language is often regarded as a barrier to overcome, and the program focuses on assimilation. ESL students are more likely to struggle in non-English academic fields at first, due to the fact that their native language isn't used to educate them, but they will learn English faster due to being fully dependent on learning it. (Opposed to bilingual education, which has better academic results.)

^{_{Bilingual vs. ESL – key insights and differences. 5 Minute English. (n.d.). https://5minuteenglish.com/education/bilingual-vs-esl/}}

The purpose of ESL programs is to assist non-native English speakers with communication, including reading, speaking, and writing skills. It's an intensive program dedicated to promoting academic participation equity. These programs are free-of-charge for students in United States public schools.

FORMAT

According to the Texas English of Second Language Framework, the goal of ESL framework is to, "provide a comprehensive framework that would positively impact the academic achievement of emergent bilingual students in Texas by developing a systemic ESL Framework." It does this through two different types of ESL program models, Pull-Out and Content-Based.

1. Pull-Out: Designed to assist ESL students with English/Language arts specifically, pulls students out of other classrooms.

2. Content-Based: Designed to help ESL students across multiple content areas, like math and science. ESL certified teachers provide English instruction.

QUALIFICATIONS

1. All Texas public schools with even one emergent bilingual student are required to provide an ESL program.

2. ESL program educators must meet an array of standards in order to teach, including:

• Fully understands fundamental English language concepts/conventions

• Has knowledge of ESL foundations, including the understanding of how to appropriately promote a multilingual/multicultural learning environment

• Understands how to implement developmentally appropriate ESL teaching methods

• Recognizes outside factors/influences that may affect ESL students' learning

• Understands both informal and formal assessment procedures, and can use assessment results to adapt instruction.

• Serves as an advocate for ESL students, and encourages community/family involvement in the students' education.

• Understands the processes of FLA and SLA language acquisition.

3. ESL educators undergo more specific, specialized training. They often provide support services such as tutoring and language labs.

LENGTH OF INSTRUCTION

ESL program models can be attended from prekindergarten to 12th grade.

^{_{Texas English as a Second Language Framework. English Learner Portal-ESL Framework Home. (n.d.). https://www.txel.org/txeslf}}

^{_{TxESLF Levers: Program Model and Design . English Learner Portal-ESL framework lever 2. (n.d.). https://www.txel.org/txeslf/framework2/}}

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^{_{Success. Colorín Colorado. https://www.colorincolorado.org/article/communicating-important-information-ell-families-strategies-success}}

^{_{How to best utilize your classroom parent volunteers. Teaching with a Mountain View. (2024, July 17). https://teachingwithamountainview.com/classroom-parent-volunteers/}}

^{_{Teaching Channel. (n.d.). Gamifying the Lesson for English Learners. United States.}}