Biomimetic glue is modelled after mussels which use their natural adhesive to stick to a sheet of aluminium. This is linked to chemistry is it uses mimics chemical structure for higher strength bonding. 

Termite inspired buildings 

Self cooling building based on structure of termite by having holes to let the air flow through, reducing the cost of cooling needed. 

Aerospace engineering 

Biomimicry is also used in aerospace engineering. Airbus has developed new technology where shark-like small riblets are added to the wings and other surfaces to reduce drag and increase efficiency, which links to physics. 

wetsuits with hair

Biology

In this article, the idea is to create a wetsuit that is going to be more efficient and better for people to use. The tactic that will be used is to create hairs in that are going to trap air molecules in the hairs, which is going to create the wetsuit more efficient. 

Protein triggers neurotransmitter release → When studying sports science, neurotransmitters play a large role when looking at things such as the neuromuscular junctions and muscle contractions.

ESS: https://asknature.org/strategy/glands-remove-excess-salt/ 
Glands in mangrove plants that remove excess salts from the water around them may be studied in ESS throughout units that discuss plant processes and ecology. Additionally, how the glands in the mangrove plants may impact crop positioning due to differing levels of salinity within the water in the vicinity or in the soil. 

Biology: ttps://asknature.org/strategy/pigment-molecules-absorb-and-transfer-solar-energy/ 
Pigment Molecules Absorband Transfer Solar Energy:This example links to biology since it is (photosynthesis) a large part of it since it is a process that all plants go through, so this is studied often in biology. 

Computer Science: https://asknature.org/innovation/low-noise-fan-inspired-by-owl-wings/ 
Low noise fan inspired by owl wings:

In computer science, effective computer component cooling is essential for ensuring peak performance and preventing overheating. Engineers can create quieter fans as a result of the special characteristics of owl wings that enable them to fly silently. This idea can be used in computer science to create fans that efficiently cool computer hardware while running quietly. The operation of low-noise fans can be optimised using machine learning techniques. Computer scientists can create machine learning algorithms that adjust the fan's speed and airflow to maintain optimal cooling performance while minimising noise generation by integrating sensors that measure temperature, fan speed, and other parameters.

The architect Mike Pearce was faced with a problem, he was assigned to build one of the biggest office spaces in Botswana, except that the company that employed him did not want to pay for air conditioning, so he was faced with the problem of constructing a self cooling building. Sticking with the African context of the project, he decided to acquire inspiration from a natural phenomenon only present on that continent, termite mounds. Termite mounds can house millions of termites, and they can span to 30 feet high, although they give a solid appearance the mounds are filled with little holes that allow air to pass through, cooling the structure so the termites can work without overheating. The materials that Pearce used to make the office space had a high thermal mass, which allowed the building to absorb a lot of heat, without actually changing the temperature. The small windows on the office space resembled the tiny holes in the termite mounds, which allowed only small amounts of air to pass through. 

Termite mounds have had a significant impact on the architect Mike Pierce. It inspired him to create the largest retail and office building in zimbabwe. Termite mounds have a large breathable system underground, the soil is filled with tiny holes all around  to keep the air ventilated, the structure “inhales and exhales as the temperatures rise and fall throughout the day”. Thus Pierce used this natural system. He used materials with high thermal mass, resembling the soil, which serves to keep the indoor temperature pretty much the same without changing drastically. The exterior has a prickly exterior and small windows as smaller windows reduce heat absorption. Additionally the extended overhang creates extra shadow throughout the day. 

Engineering in nature's lifestyle has been inspired by a shark and bird wings. The wings being straight create balance when flying, making the plane stabilizer to hold itself straight while the force of the motor is pushing the aircraft to move to its destination. The long plane wings also create speed as also sharks are known for their speed due to their type of skin which creates a momentum. In this case joints or momentum power is not an main focus is the cut that these wings cut through air to create higher speed. 

Animals such as birds, fish, and even the shape of a cheetah's body have inspired train designers to optimise aerodynamics, reduce drag, and enhance speed. Physics comes into play as engineers apply principles like fluid dynamics and air resistance to mimic the efficient and streamlined forms found in nature. 

Namib desert beetles (ESS)

In ESS we often study the use of different organisms in ecosystems and how they can affect or benefit environmental issues. In this example, the Namib desert beetle is able to use their wing scales to absorb water droplets from fog, and therefore we can use them as a model for solving water shortages. 

Gecko tape (Biology/Chemistry)

In order to stick to outside surfaces, such organisms as geckos utilise special nanoscale structures, which expand the surface area of their toes and thus allow them to adhere. These structures are flexible and hairlike, which are useful properties. Scientists have unexpectedly connected this to the medical issue of the transportation of drugs.

Airbus engineering (Physics) 
Every surface of the aeroplane should be as smooth as possible in order to cut through the air. With the inspiration of shark fins which are covered in small, tooth-like riblets the surface of the aeroplane can be smoother. 

Liam (Physics & computer science)Most normal glues do not work underwater because water liquifies the glue mussels however, use a chemical reaction which directly binds two surfaces with proteins, and this makes an aquatically viable alternative. Through modelling the reactions of the chemicals and performance this relates back to computer science.

Gecko tape

Chris (DT) Geckos tape provides adhesiveness  using biomimicry. Tape can be used to replace surgical structures and stables. it can also be used to deliver drugs to organs including the heart. this can be related back to design tech through designing medical apparatus.

See how termites inspired a building that can cool itself.

Carla (Bio)
Termites inspiring a self regulated building involves bio by heavy involvement with the surrounding environment, termites ventilation has inspired multiple buildings to be built in this way as an environmentally and sustainable alternative for using air-conditioning.

Georginho (ESS)
Biomimicry: Engineering in nature’s style

Biomimicry brings together a strong relation between Ess and this particular topic, being engaged with the environment. this topic focuses on how humanity still can learn from the environment, as airbus engineers are figuring out more sustainable ways of building and flying aircrafts. Sharks gave been used as heavy inspiration to the design of the aircrafts in that aspect.

And by doing this we got more efficiency and less power consumption.

And the same goes for the aerodynamics of aeroplanes they used the shark fins as shar can glide through the water pretty fast and it goes the same with the air vehicles and the wings like bird. Which makes it fly faster but still the research is being going on in this sector.

Bio-inspired packaging refers to packaging materials and designs that draw inspiration from nature and biological systems. By emulating the strategies found in nature, bio-inspired packaging has the potential to significantly reduce food spoilage. By controlling moisture increasing breathability, food spoilage could be greatly reduced.

Link to a Bio package info link:

https://www.ift.org/news-and-publications/food-technology-magazine/issues/2020/september/features/reducing-food-waste-via-active-packaging 

Wet suits with hair are a type of wetsuit that incorporates synthetic fur-like material on the exterior surface. While traditional wetsuits are typically smooth, these furry wetsuits have strands or fibers resembling hair covering the outside. The hair like material provides increased insulation and reduce friction within water.

Machine learning algorithms are inspired by the brain. Neural networks can be trained with data to do specific tasks such as differentiating and classifying images. The training allows input data to be processed to achieve an outcome. Like when animals are exposed to data and information, data can be used to train algorithms in a specific task or skill.

Wet suits with hair?

Micro-barbs could make shots less painful 

New ‘biomimetic’ glue shows high-strength bonding under water 

Biology, Chemistry

Shellfish and mussels are good at sticking to surfaces and we can be inspired by this to create adhesives that work in water. The chemical properties and structures in adhesive functions of mussels include proteins in the glue contain the amino acid DOPA.

Computer science.

By observing how organisms protect themselves, we can develop innovative strategies. For example, digital ants monitor systems for anomalies like malware, mimicking how real ants work together.

Genetic algorithm explanation

Computer science, Biology

The genetic algorithm is a method for solving both constrained and unconstrained optimization problems that is based on natural selection, the process that drives biological evolution.

 Bio-inspired clothing technology: How insects inspire better waterproof breathable sportsware.

Physics 

inspired by the silent flight of owls, reduces noise levels in wind turbines by utilising specialised fringes on the blades. This allows for faster rotation and increased power generation.

Chemistry and biology 

By studying the natural structures found in lotus leaves and moth eyes, they are able to mimic these features on human-made materials. The nanoscale pillars on lotus leaves repel water and dirt, while the intricate nanopillared surfaces on moth eyes absorb light

Design - design of the blades (mimicking fringe of the feathers of the wings on owls). Incorporating these elements to solve a problem involves design. The blades would have different edges so that the air streams collide in specific locations, minimising noise and turbulence.

Concept 4: Chemistry - polar and nonpolar parts of insects to let the water slide off the insects. Mimicked to have polar and nonpolar materials interact.

Physics - interactions between the materials (how water slides off the insects so that it does not weigh them down).

Design - layering different materials so that they perform their designated functions.

Carlie
Concept 5: Bio/design – body heat solution

By observing the abilities that otters have to retain body heat because of their hair, a wetsuit design was created with small stubby structures to mimic that structure. This uses biology, as it speaks to the idea of body heat and internal temperature, and design when it comes to the actual design of the wetsuit. 

concept 6: Article: Natural systems agriculture

The idea of mimicking natural systems in agriculture is a part of ESS, as it’s an environmental system. 

Biology: This biometric glue uses biological properties to create adhesion under water, which we learn about in unit 2 - molecular biology this year. This glue is modelled after glue created by shellfish, a group of creatures which could be studied in biology and were mentioned in unit 4. The glue works using the amino acid DOPA. The adhesive is stronger than commercial glue.

Article: Natural systems agriculture

ESS:  this is connected to ESS, because natural systems agriculture and ess focus on a holistic approach since they are both focused on managing and understanding the ecosystem. Not only this but the biggest factor is that there is an importance on relying on sustainability.

Article: Wet suits with hair?

Biology: This wetsuit uses hair design similar to that used by marine mammals such as otters. The hair the otters have is so dense that air gets trapped close to the skin, meaning water cannot flow through, even with its low viscosity. This keeps the otters warm and their body heat heats up the air. This links with the bio unit two where water and its properties were discussed.

Video: How Bio-inspired packaging can dramatically lower food spoilage.

ESS: this links to ESS because it's focusing on the importance of resource efficiency in the natural ecosystem, which is essential to a sustainable living, not only that but it also creates an awareness on environmental struggles and creating an idea to fix the environmental struggle, which is creating sustainable packaging.

Video: More efficient wind turbines inspired by owls and maple seeds

Physics: This can be linked to Physics as the turbine used here is a machinery that transforms the wind energy generated into electrical energy.

ESS:  these are in link because ess is all about finding solution to fix environmental issues created by humans, and in this example there was a project created to fix a environmental issue which impacted the people but also the ecosystem, this is how these two link with each other 

The beetle climbs on top of a sand dune and waits for fog. The bumps on his shell help the fog to condensate letting the moisture drop off so the beetle can drink water.

Philippe:https://www.technologyreview.com/2008/04/22/34675/gecko-tape/

This article discusses the development of "gecko tape" by researchers at the University of Manchester. Inspired by the abilities of gecko feet, the scientists created a synthetic material by depositing carbon nanotubes on a flexible plastic film. This tape mimics the tiny hairs on gecko feet, allowing it to adhere to surfaces through van der Waals forces. The potential applications of gecko tape include robotics, medical bandages, and climbing equipment, offering a reusable and residue-free adhesive solution. Overall, the article highlights the promising nature of gecko tape and its potential to revolutionize various industries.

Aliki: Wet suits with hair?

Jomana: New ‘biomimetic’ glue shows high-strength bonding under water 

The information links to chemistry since it involves the new glue becoming stronger due to hydrogen bonding while in water which is the strongest type of bonding. The glue is made of a biomimetic polymer which is modeled after the adhesive proteins of mussels because mussels stick to floor with ease using these proteins. This then made the glue perform better than 10 commercial adhesives. This is also linked to biology since it contains the use of the amino acids found in mussels that make them stick. 

Stoyana: How Bio-Inspired Packaging Can Dramatically Lower Food Spoilage

- The video was published by Biomimicry Institute. The information in it can be linked to one of the sustainable development goals - Number 12: responsible consumption and production. It is based on the idea that fruits and vegetables they alive for days or even weeks despite them being harvested which results in them losing contact and communication with their source of life.