Cold War Timeline by Marina Gonzalez https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj By: Marina Gonzalez, Kelsey Charles and Carolina Gonzalez en-us 2022-04-25 19:01:09 UTC 2026-02-02 08:29:47 UTC hello@padlet.com 1972 Watergate Scandal https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157759853 The Watergate Scandal was a political scandal in Washington D.C. revealing campaign scandals about President Nixon and involving the arrest of 5 burglars who were revealed to be stealing important documents and bugging White House. During the court, one of the burglars claimed that Nixon ordered the investigation to get intel on Democrats and political opponents, and discoveries were found of President Nixon being guilty of bribes, corruption, and keeping recordings of everything that happened at the White House. Congress voted to recommend impeachment for abuse of power and defiance of congress’ order to release the “Nixon Tapes.” On August 9, 1974, Nixon resigns as president to avoid impeachment.]]> 2022-04-26 03:22:05 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157759853 1968 Tet Offensive https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157762867 The Tet Offensive was a series of US attacks on Vietnam in 1968 under Johnson’s presidency in order to stop the spread of communism. It marked a turning point for the Vietnam War by decreasing American support for the war and leading the US army to back out of the region.]]> 2022-04-26 03:24:58 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157762867 1954-1975 Vietnam War https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157766898 In 1954, the Viet Minh defeated France, ending French rule in Vietnam. Vietnam was divided and North Vietnam was controlled by the Vietnamese Communist Party led by Ho Chi Minh, and South Vietnam was assisted by the US to prevent the spread of Communism in Asia. The US sent troops to align with South Vietnam and resulted in 2 millions casualties on both sides of the war. After several attacks, the North Vietnamese agreed to an armistice, which allowed the US to withdraw from the War.]]> 2022-04-26 03:28:43 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157766898 1959 Kitchen Debate https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157767509 While Vice President Richard Nixon escorted Soviet first Secretary Nikita Khrushchev on an exhibit, they got caught in a heated argument over the merits of capitalism and communism. This debate took place in a set up of an American Kitchen and was captured by media covering the exhibit and landed on the front pages of many media companies. In the heat of the Cold War, there was no clear winner of this debate, but it established Nixon as a tough campaigner for the Presidential election. ]]> 2022-04-26 03:29:15 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157767509 1990 Persian Gulf War https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157772721 On August 2, 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait for its oil reserves under the command of leader Saddam Hussein to cancel debt owed to Kuwait. President Bush consulted with the United Nations to drive Hussein out of Kuwait. Bush commanded airstrikes in a 1991 operation called the Desert Storm, which lasted five weeks and ended in Iraq’s defeat. Bush gained support from American citizens as a result. ]]> 2022-04-26 03:31:20 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157772721 1980 Iran-Contra Scandal https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157773007 With President Regan’s efforts to aid Nicaragua, he secretly sold US antitanks and anti-aircraft missiles to Iran to help with the Iran and Iraq war because of the country’s help with freeing Americans from a radicalist group. Reagan then used the profits from the arms to fund the contras in Nicaragua in 1986. Reagan denied knowledge of the affair, but his popularity in polls dropped temporarily.]]> 2022-04-26 03:31:38 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157773007 1973 War Powers Act https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157778715 The War Powers Act was passed in 1973 over the veto of President Nixon to restrain the president’s ability to initiate military actions abroad in order to set in place checks and balances. This required the executive branch to consult with congress before involving the US in overseas conflicts.


]]> 2022-04-26 03:37:35 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157778715 1973 Yom Kippur War/OPEC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157778979 Israel invaded Egyptian and Syrian territory due to Egypt and Syria’s surprise attack on Israel in 1973. In order for Israel to withdraw, OPEC suspended the sale of oil to the US. As a result, the US experiences an increase in gas prices and a fuel shortage.


]]> 2022-04-26 03:37:51 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157778979 1969 Apollo Missions https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157779289 The Apollo missions was a project conducted by NASA from the 60s to 70s to get the US on the moon before Russia in the Space Race. On July 20 1969, Apollo 11 successfully landed on the moon and astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin became the first people to set foot on the moon. This established the US as having technological superiority, which showed being a strong country and asserting world power.


]]> 2022-04-26 03:38:07 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157779289 1969 SALT I https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157780681 The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) were negotiations between the US and Soviet Union, first proposed by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1967, that was centered around manufacturing nuclear weapons. The negotiation was signed by both the US and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republicans, with the intention of restraining the arms race. As a result, the agreement of Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM), and the Interim Agreement and Protocol were signed by President Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev, general secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, on May 26, 1972. This agreement slowed the arms race and decreased the threat of nuclear war. 


]]> 2022-04-26 03:39:27 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157780681 1972 SALT II https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157781236 SALT II negotiations resurfaced in 1972 and was made to resolve the imbalance of weapons being created by the US and USSR and raise questions about the manufacturing of the weapons. The SALT II treaty, proposed to senate by President Jimmy Carter, reignited tensions between the US and USSR, and was pulled from consideration in January of 1980. It was intended to replace the previous Interim Agreement with a long-term treaty that would impose restraints on the weapons that could threaten relations. 

image source:  https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/russian-federation/1978-12-01/salt-ii-and-american-security
]]> 2022-04-26 03:40:01 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157781236 1964 Great Society/President Johnson https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157781585 The Great Society was a series of policies meant to improve the social condition of the US under the presidency of Johnson targeting poverty, crime, inequality, and the environment conservation. Johnson proposed the Office of Economic Opportunity and the Economic Opportunity Act to help provide easier access to finding jobs and educational opportunities by establishing study programs to give less fortunate Americans the chance to go to college. He also offered funds for farmers to purchase land, aid for unemployed parents, loans for employers, and for the government to hire and train volunteers to serve communities with high rates of poverty. Medicare and Medicaid were established as law and education reform increased funds for public schools with the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. However, the Vietnam War caused funds meant for the Great Society to be cut and focused there instead. His plan influenced future presidents such as Nixon to avert attention to social reform.


]]> 2022-04-26 03:40:20 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157781585 1983 Strategic Defense Initiative https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157782592 The Strategic Defense Initiative (Star Wars), was a proposed defensive system designed to prepare against nuclear attacks from the Soviet Union by intercepting missiles proposed by Ronald Reagan. It dedicated funding to the technological advances and research required to track and destroy ICMBs. However, this encouraged the arms race and lowered chances of future agreements and treaties. The SDI continued until the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991.

image source: https://www.history.com/news/reagan-star-wars-sdi-missile-defense
]]> 2022-04-26 03:41:20 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157782592 1989 The Fall of the Berlin Wall https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157782926 Preceding the Cold War, the Berlin Wall was established by the Soviet Union in East Germany in order to push the US, Britain, and France out of the city and a blockade was held in 1948. The US supplied goods such as food, fuel, and necessities to aid its allies known as the Berlin Airlift. During the Cold War, refugees crossed from East to West Germany and resulted in many casualties. However, in 1989, the East Berlin Communist party announced that citizens were free to cross the borders due to a change in relations. The reunification of East and West Germany officially began on October 3, 1990.

image source: https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/nov/09/30-years-after-fall-berlin-wall]]> 2022-04-26 03:41:41 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157782926 1991 Warsaw Pact Ends https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157784642 The Warsaw Pact was formed in 1955 to include Germany in NATO, but in the 1990, East Germany left the Warsaw Pact under Bush’s presidency to reunite with West Germany and the Warsaw Pact was virtually ineffective. In March 1991, the Soviet Military withdrew their forces and the Political Consultative Committee ended the Warsaw Pact following the disbandment of the Soviet Union since they controlled most of the Warsaw Pact’s decisions.


]]> 2022-04-26 03:43:27 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157784642 1991 USSR Dissolution https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157785614 In 1990, the Soviet Baltic republics of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia established independence, and after communists staged a failed coup against Gorbachev, the remaining republics dissolved the Soviet Union. Boris Yeltsin, leader of the Russian Republic, denounced communism and attempted to establish a free-market economy and democracy.

image source: https://www.britannica.com/event/the-collapse-of-the-Soviet-Union/The-end-of-Soviet-communism
]]> 2022-04-26 03:44:32 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157785614 1947 Harry S Truman/Truman Doctrine carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157816614 Through a speech delivered by President Harry S. Truman, the Truman Doctrine established that the U.S. would support and provide assistance to the governments of Greece and Turkey under threat from external and internal authoritarian forces. By requesting Congress to provide $400m worth of aid and dispatching American civilian and military equipment, President Truman prevented the spread of communism and the Soviet Union from expanding its sphere of influence. ]]> 2022-04-26 04:18:32 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157816614 1950 NSC-68 carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157826498 Entitled as the "United States Objectives and Programs for National Security," NSC-68 was a 58-paged National Security Council policy report established by the U.S. Department of State's Policy Panning Staff which recommended that the U.S. expand its military rapidly due to conventional forces and the nuclear arsenal, including the development of the new hydrogen bomb. Additionally, it outlined courses of action such as returning to isolationism & efforts to negotiate with the Soviet Union due to a new posed threat involving nuclear weapons. The NSC-68 advocated for an expansion of the military budget and raised defense.]]> 2022-04-26 04:29:42 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157826498 1952 Dwight D Eisenhower Elected carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157836906 Eisenhower, the 34th president of the United States, joined the presidential race in 1952 against Adlai Stevenson in order to prevent isolationist foreign policies of Senator Robert A. Taft, who opposed NATO and did not want foreign involvement. In office, he strived to contain the spread of communism and reduce federal deficits. Negotiating from military strength, Eisenhower attempted to reduce relations by signing a truce bringing peace and concentrated on maintaining peace through the development of his program "atoms for peace."]]> 2022-04-26 04:40:59 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157836906 1945 Yalta Conference 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157866204 US President Franklin Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin met at the Yalta resort. Proceeding this moment  Soviet Crimea began to finalize their strategy for the remainder of World War Two and forge a post-war settlement. It was located in the Black Sea coast of the Crimean Peninsula and the “Big Three” Allied leaders discussed the post-war fate of defeated Germany and the rest of Europe. For Russians Yalta symbolizes a pinnacle of great power, comity and accommodation although for many countries in central Europe Yalta means betrayal. ]]> 2022-04-26 05:11:40 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157866204 1954 KGB Establishment carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157867735 Created in March 13 1954, the KGB (Committee for State Security) served as the main internal security agency of the Soviet Union that actively sought to combat ideological subversion such as anti-communist political and religious ideas. During the Cold War, the KGB suppressed unorthodox political and social attitudes among the population and held supervision for public and private opinion. The KGB centered on the struggle against foreign spies and agents, the exposure and investigation of political and economic crimes, protection of state borders, and protection of state secrets.]]> 2022-04-26 05:13:15 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157867735 1957 Sputnik Launch carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157877824 On October 4, 1957, the USSR successfully launched the first artificial satellite to orbit Earth which marked the start of the space race and led to the creation of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). This gave the former Soviet Union the distinction of putting the first human-made object into space and intensified the development of new technology. Through the launch of the Sputnik, it was possible to test satellite pressure, study radio wave transmissions and atmosphere density, and allowed tracking objects in orbit. ]]> 2022-04-26 05:24:00 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157877824 1959 Fidel Castro takes over Cuba carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157902710 During the Cuban Revolution in 1959, Fidel Castro and a group of revolutionaries toppled the ruling government of Fulgencio Batista, former head of the Intelligence Directorate, forcing him out of power and due to Castro being an important figure in Cuban society, he served as Prime Minister and assumed military and political power. Fidel Castro lead the Movement in a war against Batista's forces from the Sierra Maestra and he desired to take the offensive against capitalism and spread communist revolution. ]]> 2022-04-26 05:40:24 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157902710 1960 US Spy plane shot down over USSR carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157903202 On May 1, 1960, the United States spy plane that was shot down over Sverdlovsk by the Union of Soviet Socialists Republics (USSR) Air Defense Forces and captured its pilot, Francis Gary Powers in Moscow. This led President Eisenhower to admit that the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency had been flying spy missions for several years. It caused the collapse of a summit conference in Paris between the United States, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and France. By sending notes to Turkey, Pakistan, and Norway, the Soviet Union sought assurance that no U.S. aircraft would be allowed to use their territories for unauthorized purposes.

image source:
https://www.airforcemag.com/article/u-2-down/]]> 2022-04-26 05:40:55 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157903202 1961 Bay of Pigs Invasion carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157917846 The Bay of Pigs Invasion was a failed attack launched by the CIA under the leadership of President John F. Kennedy striving to push Cuban leader Fidel Castro from power. Castro's attacks on U.S. companies and interests in Cuba and a closer relationship with the Soviet Union posed a threat to the interests of the U.S. Around 1,200 armed exiles with landing crafts in Cuba attempted to rally for the Cuban citizenry but failed as Castro's military posed unexpected counterattacks. The Cuban air force sank the exiles' supply ships and the U.S. did not provide air support leading to exiles being captured. 

image source:
https://www.britannica.com/event/Bay-of-Pigs-invasion]]> 2022-04-26 05:54:09 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157917846 1961 Berlin Wall carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157944873 On August 13, 1961, the German Democratic Republic (GDR) Communist government built a barbed wire and concrete wall between East and West Berlin in order to prevent its population from escaping Soviet-controlled area. It divided many families who found themselves unable to visit each other and many East Berliners were cut from their jobs. The Berlin Wall stood until 1989 when East Herman Communist Party announced that citizens could cross over any time. There were close crowds near the wall and as most crossed freely into West Berlin, some started to chip the wall away. ]]> 2022-04-26 06:18:07 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157944873 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157954110 Over the installation of nuclear armed Soviet missiles on Cuba, leaders of the United States and the Soviet Union engaged in a tense thirteen-day political and military argument. President John F. Kennedy notified Americans about the presence of the missiles and explained his choice to enact a naval blockade around Cuba as well as be prepared to use military force in order to neutralize the posed threat to security. The U.S. agreed to Nikita Khrushchev, Soviet leader, to remove the Cuban missiles in exchange for the U.S. to not invade Cuba however although the Soviets removed their missiles from Cuba, they continued to build their military arsenal.

image source:
https://www.warhistoryonline.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/64/2015/09/null-4-1.jpg]]> 2022-04-26 06:25:57 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157954110 1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Ratified carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157972562 The Test Ban Treaty was signed in Moscow on August 5, 1963, ratified by the United States Senate on September 24, 1964. The treaty prohibited nuclear weapons tests or any other nuclear explosion in the atmosphere or underwater because they caused radioactive debris to be present outside the territorial limits. Representatives of Great Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union took steps toward control over nuclear weapons and established an important precedent for future arms control by ending contamination.

image source:
https://defaeroreport.com/2019/08/05/defaero-spotlight-the-limited-nuclear-test-ban-treaty/]]> 2022-04-26 06:39:49 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157972562 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Incident carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157972746 The Gulf of Tonkin Incident was a complex naval event in the Gulf of Tonkin off the coast of Vietnam. On August 5, 1964, two unprovoked attacks by North Vietnamese torpedo boats on the U.S. Seventh Fleet led to a great escalate of the U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. In response to the alleged attack, the U.S. Congress authorized President Lyndon B. Johnson to take any action necessary to deal with threats against forces and allies. He took all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the forces of the U.S. and to prevent further aggression by the communist government of North Vietnam.

image source:
https://teachingamericanhistory.org/blog/the-gulf-of-tonkin-resolution-50-years-later/]]> 2022-04-26 06:39:57 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157972746 1967 to 1979 Détente carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157972916 During the period of the Cold War with easing tensions (détente) between the Soviet Union and United States, there was an increase of trade and cooperation through the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) treaties. Both countries stood to gain if trade could be increased and the danger of nuclear warfare decreased. Nixon became the first U.S. president to visit Moscow in which he and Brezhnev signed several agreements covering the prevention of accidental military clashes, arms control, cooperative research such as space exploration. The Nixon administration promoted involvement with the Soviet government such as summit meetings and negotiations over control or agreements. ]]> 2022-04-26 06:40:05 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157972916 1969 Nixon Doctrine carogonz https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157973193 Announced by U.S. President Richard Nixon in 1969, the Nixon Doctrine was a foreign policy of the United States government that argued for the pursuit of peace through supporting allies facing military threats with economic and military aid as opposed to ground troops. The Nixon Doctrine contained three parts in which the United States would honor existing treaty agreements, provide nuclear shield to allies or nations vital to security, and furnish military and economic assistance. During his commencement speech at the U.S. Naval Academy, Nixon suggested that U.S. foreign policy should be guided by a fusion of realism.]]> 2022-04-26 06:40:17 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2157973193 Potsdam Conference-Jul 17, 1945 – Aug 2, 1945 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158715312
After the Yaltan conference Joseph Stalin, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and President Harry Truman met in Potsdam Germany to negotiate matters to bring about the end of World War II.  The major question at hand was how to handle Germany and how the allied leader managed to reach a consensus. The leaders of the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union remained allies throughout the war and never met again collectively to discuss cooperation in postwar reconstruction.



]]> 2022-04-26 15:11:27 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158715312 Iron Curtain Speech-March 5, 1946 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158717489
Former British Prime Minister accepted President Harry Truman's invitation to present a speech in his home state after the end of World War 11. He voiced why the soviet union and spread of communism poses dangers to the nation. This speech would frame the geopolitical sphere for an approximated 50 years.



]]> 2022-04-26 15:12:35 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158717489 April 1948 - December 1951-Marshall Plan 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158719066 On April 3, 1948, President Truman signed the Economic Recovery Act of 1948 which would become called the  Marshall Plan, named after Secretary of State George Marshall, that proposed that the United States provide economic assistance to restore the economic infrastructure of postwar Europe in 1947. Europe's states after World War II were poor so Secretary of State John Marshall proposed the idea to help reconstruct Europe by aiding in war debt and the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948. It was signed by Truman in 1948. Over the next four years, Congress appropriated $13.3 billion for European recovery]]> 2022-04-26 15:13:15 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158719066 February 21, 1948-Communists take over Czechoslovakia 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158721735 The communist party of Czechoslovakia with soviet backing assumed undisputed control over the Government of Czechoslovakia which marked the onset of four decades of communist rule. A coup began and following the coup, the Communists moved quickly to consolidate their power. Thousands were fired, hundreds were arrested and fled the country to avoid living under Communism.]]> 2022-04-26 15:14:37 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158721735 Jun 24, 1948 – May 12, 1949-Berlin Airlift 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158722659
In response to Soviet forces blockading rail, road, and water access to Allied-controlled areas of Berlin the US & UK airlifted food and fuel to Berlin it ended May 12 1949 when Soviet forces lifted the blockade on land access to Berlin. ]]> 2022-04-26 15:15:08 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158722659 Suez Crisis-Oct 29, 1956 – Nov 7, 1956 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158727541
Egyptian president, Gamal Abdel Nasser, nationalized the Suez Canal which was controlled by Britain and France. The Suez Crisis was provoked by an American and British decision  that decided not to finance Egypt’s construction of the Aswan High Dam,in response to Egypt’s growing ties with communist Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union. Britain and France, less fortunate, lost most of their influence in the Middle East as a result of the episode.



]]> 2022-04-26 15:17:23 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158727541 U-2 incident-May 1, 1960 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158736284
A United States U-2 spy plane was shot down by the Soviet Air Defense Forces while performing photographic aerial reconnaissance deep inside Soviet territory. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, promising to suspend all such flights during the remainder of his presidency, did not satisfy the Soviet Union, and the conference was adjourned on May 17. Francis Gary Powers(the pilot)  was tried (August 17–19) and sentenced to 10 years’ confinement, but he was exchanged for the Soviet spy Rudolf Abel on February 10, 1962.



]]> 2022-04-26 15:21:36 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158736284 Civil National Defense/Duck and Cover-1952 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158743075
As the Cold War infiltrated domestic as well as international spheres, Duck and Cover, an educational film produced by the Federal Civil Defense Administration and Archer Productions Inc., demonstrated to children how to react in case of a nuclear attack. They taught important skills to students in a uniform way and would be used throughout history to implement practices to pupils. ]]> 2022-04-26 15:25:08 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158743075 April 4, 1949-NATO Formed, Washington, D.C. 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158745938
During Truman's Presidency 12 countries-Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States. - signed the North Atlantic Treaty at the Departmental Auditorium in Washington D.C. NATO was the first peacetime military alliance the United States entered into outside of the Western Hemisphere although after World War II many nations  specifically in Europe struggled to rebuild their nation this treaty allowed nations to help one another. NATO has lasted beyond the end of that conflict, new membership expands to some former Soviet states and it remains the largest peacetime military alliance in the world.



]]> 2022-04-26 15:26:33 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158745938 Warsaw Pact Formed-May 14, 1955, Warsaw, Poland 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158747180
The Warsaw Treaty was a political and military alliance established on May 14, 1955 between the Soviet Union and several Eastern European countries.  The Soviet Union formed this to counterbalance NATO although problems in the 1980s occurred and East Germany left the Pact in preparation for reunification with West Germany Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Poland had withdrawn from all Warsaw Pact military exercises. The Warsaw Pact officially disbanded in March and July of 1991 following the dissolution of the Soviet Union.]]> 2022-04-26 15:27:14 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158747180 1948-Communist Revolution in China 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158753380 Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong declared the creation of the People’s Republic of China. The creation of the PRC began the Chinese Revolution. What had been categorized as the “fall” of mainland China to communism caused the US to end diplomatic ties with the PRC for decades. In August of 1949, the Truman administration published the “China White Paper,” which explained previous U.S. policy toward China built upon the principle that Chinese forces could determine the outcome of their civil war; this proposal had failed and until the 1970s the US began to recognize  the Chinese government. ]]> 2022-04-26 15:30:23 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158753380 Korean War-Jun 25, 1950 – Jul 27, 1953 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158759630
The Korean War began when the Northern Korean People's Army invaded South Korea in a planned attack along the 38th parallel (the line dividing communist North Korea from the non-communist Republic of Korea in the south). President Truman designated General Douglas MacArthur as Commanding General of the United Nations Command (UNC) and several armies were sent to the Korean Peninsula. On July 27, 1953, seven months after President Eisenhower's inauguration as the 34th President of the United States, an armistice was signed, ending organized combat operations and leaving the Korean Peninsula divided much as it had been since the close of World War II at the 38th parallel. The Korean U.N. "police action" prevented North Korea from imposing its communist rule on South Korea. Also, the United States' actions in Korea demonstrated America's willingness to combat aggression, and strengthened Pres. Eisenhower's influence in Europe as he sought to organize European military def. under NATO.]]> 2022-04-26 15:33:38 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158759630 Guatemala 1954-Jun 18, 1954 – Jun 27, 1954 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158765922
Guatemalan president Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán was overthrown in a CIA-sponsored coup to protect the profits of the United Fruit Company. Arbenz was replaced by Carlos Castillo, a Colonel, America believed this would allow them to gain influence in the Western Hemisphere. Castillos Armas would be assassinated and Guatemalan politics then began to become a series of coups causing brutal repression of the country’s people.  

]]> 2022-04-26 15:37:05 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158765922 Rosenberg Executions-June 19, 1953 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158766985 Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were convicted of conspiring to pass U.S. atomic secrets to the Soviets, and were executed at Sing Sing Prison in Ossining, New York. They were the first US citizens to be executed during a peacetime and President Eisenhower had supported the controversial execution of these two people. ]]> 2022-04-26 15:37:40 UTC https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158766985 Color Code 2153797 https://padlet.com/2153797/8qgcmm21yhd0agdj/wish/2158770284 1940s-Red
1950s- Black
1960s-Yellow
1970s-Green 
1980s-Blue
1990s-Purple
Link to background image-
http://mrwigginshistoryclass.com/home-page/modern-world-history/unit-11-cold-war/

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