Mi lienzo brillante by Josefina Malara https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks Hecho con encanto en-us 2018-06-05 11:27:09 UTC 2018-06-12 12:18:40 UTC hello@padlet.com Definition of Hardware josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265607857 The hardware are the tangible, physical parts of the computer which work together to input, process, store and output data. ]]> 2018-06-05 11:28:16 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265607857 There are different types of hardware... josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265608536 -Supercomputers: They are the largest, fastest and most powerful computers available. They achieve incredibly high processing speeds through MULTIPROCESSING, with different processors. They have thousands of gigabytes of primary storage and many terabytes of secondary storage space. They require significant amounts of power to operate and cool them. ]]> 2018-06-05 11:32:26 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265608536 Mainframes: josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265609944 They are optimized for high data throughput. This means they are able to read extremely large amounts of data from storage, process it and store the results very quickly.They need a lot of computing power because of their sheer volume. ]]> 2018-06-05 11:39:57 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265609944 Desktop Computers: josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265610071 They are relatively cheap compared to laptop computers with equivalent hardware specifications. They use generic parts with standard interfaces: this makes upgrading and repairing them easier than with some laptop computers]]> 2018-06-05 11:40:48 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265610071 Laptop Computers: josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265610414 They are designed for simple internet access and word processing, to those powerful enough to replace an average desktop computer. They consist of a standard keyboard, an LCD screen of between 14 and 17 inches, and a Wi-Fi card to allow wireless access to the Internet. They could have security and privacy consequences if the data is not protected against unauthorized access. ]]> 2018-06-05 11:42:28 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265610414 Netbooks: josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265610732 They are designed for maximum portability. Netbooks typically have a very slow processor, a small amount of RAM, and a small, low resolution screen. A benefit they have is their lower weight and greatly increased battery life. ]]> 2018-06-05 11:44:09 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265610732 Personal Digital Assistants josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265611283 They are in between mobile phones and netbooks in terms of their size and functionality.  Their screen in used either for touch input using a soft keyboard, or handwriting recognition. ]]> 2018-06-05 11:46:33 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265611283 Smartphones josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265611588 Many can run applications. They either have full keyboards, or use soft keyboards.  Internet access is standard on smart phones]]> 2018-06-05 11:47:56 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265611588 Embedded Systems: josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265611834 It is a specialized computer which is hidden inside another device. They are typically programmed to perform only one type of specific task. ]]> 2018-06-05 11:49:27 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265611834 Input Devices: josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265612318 Hardware items that alow entry of information into the computer.]]> 2018-06-05 11:52:02 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265612318 Types of Keyboards josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265612489 -Standard QWERTY Keyboards
-The Dvorak Keyboards: incrase typing speeds by putting together commonly paired letters.
-Multimedia Keyboards: Feature additional hotkeys for opening commonly used apps.]]> 2018-06-05 11:53:04 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265612489 Concept Keyboards josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265613108 Each key is programmed to perform a custom function. Each key performs one compound task. User can make a quick selection of choices from pre-set options. ]]> 2018-06-05 11:56:29 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265613108 Soft Keyboards josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265613433 Represented by a series of buttons drawn on a monitor or screen. It uses a combination of hardware and it can be more accessible than regular keyboards. It is also useful for small devices where it is not possible to include full sized keyboards.

]]> 2018-06-05 11:58:28 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265613433 Mice josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265613812 The standard pointing device on most desktop computers. It has two buttons and many also have a scroll wheel in the centre.Some have additional buttons which can be programmed to perform customizable commands. ]]> 2018-06-05 12:00:37 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265613812 Trackballs josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265614073 A relatively large ball which is fixed in place so that the user can spin it around. It does not move across the space. It can be built-in into a computer system easily, making it harder to steal.

]]> 2018-06-05 12:01:35 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265614073 Touch Pads josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265614985 They are common on laptops. The user can move the pointer by tracing their finger across the touch pad. It also has bars at the side to scroll text on screen. Multi-touch touch pads allow more complex actions to be performed using several fingers. 

]]> 2018-06-05 12:06:26 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265614985 Touch Screens josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265615329 Allow users to interact with computers using their hand. They are also useful on small portable devices. Many include multi-touch. ]]> 2018-06-05 12:07:59 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265615329 Microphones josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265615704 Allows sound data to be input into the computer.Allows a person to dictate words into a word processor to write a document, rather than typing (through the voice recognition software. Voice-control software is similar except the user speaks commands to the computer operating system. 

]]> 2018-06-05 12:09:47 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265615704 Game controllers josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265616080 Many different configurations include a variety of buttons and features.More exotic devices include steering wheels and pedals, musical instruments and dance mats. The Nintendo´s Wii has internal motion censors to interpret the user´s movement into actions in the game.]]> 2018-06-05 12:11:30 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265616080 Barcode Scanners josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265616563 Uses a laser to shine light into a barcode label. It interprets the barcode label as a number. The UPC (Universal Product Code) is one standard which defines how a barcode stores its information. 

]]> 2018-06-05 12:13:40 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265616563 Magnetic Stripe Readers josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265616805 Magnetic stripes store a small amount of data which is read using a magnetic stripe reader. A clone card could be spotted by a person because it would lack the colors, 
logo, security holograms and signature of a genuine card. Bank cards, credit cards, hotel key cards and some frequent traveler cards feature a magnetic stripe. 

]]> 2018-06-05 12:14:45 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265616805 Smart Cards josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265617236 They are plastic credit card style cards.They differ from normal magnet stripe cards by having a higher storage      capacity and an embedded processor.The processor is powered in when the card is inserted into a smart card 
reader.The processor then controls access to the data stored on
the card. 
]]> 2018-06-05 12:16:40 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265617236 Optical Mark Recognition josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265617762 They include a method to speedily read and count multiple choice answers. It uses reflected light to determine if a mark exists.

]]> 2018-06-05 12:19:11 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265617762 Magnetic Ink Character Recognition josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265618659 Uses an ink that contains iron particles, which makes it magnetic. Makes it human-readable, while the iron allows the computer to diferentiate them. ]]> 2018-06-05 12:23:08 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265618659 Scanners josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265619596 Digitizes a piece of paper. The resolution is measured in a DPI (Dots Per Inch), that determines the quality. Many also come with OCR (Optical Character Recognition) to convert a scanned image containing text back into ´normal´ text. ]]> 2018-06-05 12:25:36 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265619596 Sensors and Probes josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265626808 It measures aspects of the physical world. The data is typically in analog data and it needs to be converted into a digital data with an ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL Data converter. Sensors collect data without needing human intervention.]]> 2018-06-05 12:54:58 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265626808 Digital Cameras josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265627495 They have gradually replaced film model. They are used to input image, video, and sound straight into the computer. This can be done with a USD or FireWire connection, or by putting the camera´s memory card into the card reader]]> 2018-06-05 12:57:39 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265627495 Web Cams josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265628011 They are low resolution video cameras. They are used to record the user into the computer and, soemtimes, they can also be used as cheap security cameras.]]> 2018-06-05 12:59:32 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265628011 Radio Tags josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265628494 Used for tracking or finding objects. They emit Very High Frequency radio signals which can be located by a receiver. It also allows to animals to be monitored without disturbing them. ]]> 2018-06-05 13:01:16 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265628494 Radio Frequency Identification josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265628970 It consists of two components: the RFID tag, attached to the surface of an item and an RFID reader, to retrieve the information on the tag. It has greater storage. A chip can be implanted into the skins of pets to enable identification and it can also be used in passports. ]]> 2018-06-05 13:03:21 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265628970 Concerns about RFID josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265629846 The main concerns include the fact that it is possible to make extremely small tags, raising worries about privacy, surveillance and the posibility to tag items, tracking them and even tracking the person carrying those items.]]> 2018-06-05 13:06:08 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265629846 Output Devices josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265630638 It presents data to the user and it can also output text, images, video, sound, and other types of data.]]> 2018-06-05 13:09:09 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265630638 Screens josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265630875 CRT displays: Big, deeps, monitors used on almost all desktop computers.
LCD screens: They have almost completely replaced the CRT displays. They are cheaper, thinner, lighter and give out higher quality iamges. It also has a native resolution, giving the best image quality when using an LCD screen as a native resolution. 
Projector: Much greater size than CRT and LCD screens, usually used to present data to a large audience. 
Interactive whiteboards: A combination of projector and touch screens.]]> 2018-06-05 13:10:18 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265630875 Speakers josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265632219 They come in many forms. They have essential functions, they can be used in busy environments where a person must absorb a lot of information at once or in emergency situations where sound is more likely to be noticed.]]> 2018-06-05 13:15:27 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265632219 Printers josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265632849 They produce hard copies of documents and files. The speed of a printer is expressed in PAGES PER MINUTE (PPM.
Dot Matrix printers: Incredibly noisy and quite slow.
Inkjet Printers: Squirts ink onto a page through a series of nozzles Capable of very high quality printouts when using the correct ink. The quality is measured in the DOTS PER INCH (DPI).
Laser Printers: They produce higher quality printouts than inkjet printers but they are also more expensive.]]> 2018-06-05 13:17:46 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/265632849 Storing Data:Bits and Bytes josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266793513 The computer represents all of its data internally as binary digits: ones and zeroes. These are known as bits. Eight of this bits are grouped together into more meaningful units called bytes. ]]> 2018-06-12 11:24:40 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266793513 Standards josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266794387 Computers communicate data by using predefined standards that govern the meaning of each bit and byte.]]> 2018-06-12 11:31:14 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266794387 ASCII josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266794548 A standard coding scheme for representing text using the English alphabet. Each byte of data represents a single character. The maximum number of characters it can represent is 128, however this wasn´t enough because it fails to include characters form many languages. The a new version was developed, allowing 256 characters.]]> 2018-06-12 11:32:30 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266794548 Hard disk josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266795097 In2003, two MIT students created a study on 158 second-hand hard disk purchased from the online auction site eBay. The students attempted to recover previously stored data from the disks. They found that 117 drives contained data that it could be recovered and read, 12 drives had been correctly erased and 29 drives failed to work]]> 2018-06-12 11:36:37 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266795097 Where does data go when it is deleted? josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266795812 The same students previously mentioned were able to recover data because deleting a file on a computer does not normally remove the file´s actual data.Instead, deleting the file removes the pointer to the datafrom the hard disk´s File Allocation Table, which acts like an index to each file. However, the data itself remains overwritten by new files. ]]> 2018-06-12 11:41:02 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266795812 Solutions josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266796735 There arew two ways to ensure data is fuly removed from your hard disk: 
-physically destroying the hard disks.
-using specail disk wiping software. A strong magnet could be used for wiping the data.
I the intention is to reuse the disk, the user could use specialist disk wiping or secure deletion software. This overwrites all data on the hard disk with random data making the old data unaccessible. ]]> 2018-06-12 11:46:49 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266796735 Unicode josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266797717 A more modern coding scheme which aims to solve some of the problems of ASCII. It uses up to 4 bytes to represent each character. Modern operating systems use Unicode as their character representation standard.]]> 2018-06-12 11:52:45 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266797717 Plain Text josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266798856 ASCII and Unicode are both examples of plain text standards. They specify the characters that make up a text but they do not iclude ways to specify other formatting attributes. To use more advanced formatting features, a word processor must be used. ]]> 2018-06-12 12:00:42 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266798856 Graphic Standards josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266799277 Computer graphics are represented as bits and bytes. They store the image data in different ways and each pixel in an image uses three bytes of storage space: on byte represents the amunt of red, one byte the amount of green and one byte the amount of blue.]]> 2018-06-12 12:03:34 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266799277 Ports and Connectors josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266799649 These are used to connect input, out´put, stortage and networking devices. There are different types of Ports and Connectors.]]> 2018-06-12 12:05:42 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266799649 VGA josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266799982 Used for connecting a standard monitor to a computer or game console.]]> 2018-06-12 12:07:45 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266799982 DVI josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266800195 Used to connector digital displays to digital video sources. They are designed to handle the requirements of High Definition signals.]]> 2018-06-12 12:08:57 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266800195 SATA and eSATA josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266800530 It is a high speed standard for connecting hard disks, DVD and Blu-ray players. eSATA it is used for connecting external devices.]]> 2018-06-12 12:10:51 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266800530 IDE josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266800838 An older standard for connecting hard disks. It is sower and mainly used for devices like CD and DVD drives.]]> 2018-06-12 12:12:27 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266800838 USB josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266801092 Connects a variety of peripherals incuding mice, keyboards, external hard disks, etc.]]> 2018-06-12 12:14:06 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266801092 FireWire josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266801329 A high-speed interface used for different peripherals including digital cameras and external hard disks.]]> 2018-06-12 12:15:24 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266801329 Ethernet josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266801524 A standard for wired internet access, available on virually all computers.]]> 2018-06-12 12:16:32 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266801524 PS2 josefinamalara2002 https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266801660 An older standard for connecting mice and keyboards.]]> 2018-06-12 12:17:14 UTC https://padlet.com/josefinamalara2002/8p0rii9p6xks/wish/266801660