Chickenpox Vaccine by June https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347 Fatima Shahid and June Shao en-us 2020-06-05 02:15:59 UTC 2025-11-03 22:40:16 UTC hello@padlet.com History of the Chickenpox Vaccine 21js08571 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612217178 2020-06-05 02:31:25 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612217178 The making and working of the vaccine https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612226084 The chickenpox vaccine is a live vaccine, it is weakened and strained by a process called cell structure adaptation. Cell structure adaptation modifies natural varicella vaccine so that it behaves very differently once it is injected into the body.

Natural varicella normally grows in cells that line the skin or the back of the throat but this natural varicella reproduces itself thousands of times, occasionally causing severe disease and then is passed to the next person unchanged. Thus the natural varicella is weakened to prevent this reproduction from happening. 

Natural varicella was taken from a young child affected in Japan and the family name of the child was “Oka”, thus the strain of the virus is now called the “oka” strain. The virus was then “grown” in human fibroblast cells. Fibroblast cells are needed to hold the skin and other connective tissue together. The vaccine was attenuated by sequential passage in human embryonic lung cell structure, embryonic pig fibroblasts and in WI-38 human diploid cells. 

By weakening the vaccine the ability of its reproduction becomes less and less in the human body. This happens because the genes that initiate this reproduction are themselves changed. And because of that change it reproduces itself at a very slow rate that does not side affect the body highly as compared to the natural varicella that reproduces at a very rapid rate.

The natural varicella reproduced itself thousands of times during natural infection while the varicella vaccine virus reproduces fewer than 20 times which creates a huge difference.

It contains a small amount of weakened chicken pox-causing virus. This vaccine stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies that will help against chickenpox. 
]]> 2020-06-05 02:42:42 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612226084 Structure of the vaccine https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612231302  The reconstituted vaccine of sucrose, processed porcine gelatin, sodium chloride, monosodium L-glutamate, sodium diphosphate, potassium phosphate, and potassium chloride, and trace quantities of residual components of MRC-5 cells (DNA and protein), EDTA, neomycin, and fetal bovine serum. The vaccine is reconstituted with sterile water and contains no preservative. 


]]> 2020-06-05 02:49:22 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612231302 This is Dr. Michiaki Takashi 21js08571 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612231975 After his son got a severe case of chickenpox, where he had to watch his son suffer horribly, he set out to create a chickenpox vaccine using his knowledge of vaccines.]]> 2020-06-05 02:50:16 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612231975 5 years of development 21js08571 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612241433 After around 5 years of development, Dr. Takashi had created the first version of the chickenpox vaccine.]]> 2020-06-05 03:02:21 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612241433 The Oka/Merck strain 21js08571 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612245884 The vaccine was made from the Oka/Merck strain of the virus, isolated from a 3 year old boy. As an attenuated vaccine, the virus in the vaccine was weaker than the full blown virus.]]> 2020-06-05 03:08:17 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612245884 In 1972, the vaccine was undergoing clinical trials 21js08571 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612247844 Initial clinical trials: After consent from the parents, healthy children were given the vaccine, using various doses. These trials tested the Oka strain, which was the candidate for the vaccine. The spread of chickenpox was shown to be prevented.]]> 2020-06-05 03:10:47 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612247844 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612248222 2020-06-05 03:11:11 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612248222 However, despite being approved in many different countries, it was not approved in the United States until many years later 21js08571 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612250209 2020-06-05 03:13:50 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612250209 Some of these concerns included: 21js08571 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612263769 Did the immunity last? What were the side effects? Was the chickenpox severe enough to require a vaccine?]]> 2020-06-05 03:32:11 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612263769 FDA approves it in 1995 21js08571 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612264932 After the testing of 11,000 people, it indicated that the vaccine did provide lasting immunity. Furthermore it was shown to have 70-90% effectivity in preventing chickenpox, noting that the other 10-30% was mostly milder cases of the illness.]]> 2020-06-05 03:34:04 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612264932 15 years of continued studies on vaccine recipients 21js08571 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612266181 Due to concerns on longevity, because the vaccine hadn't been tested for longer periods of time as well as concerns over shingles, the FDA required the company Merck, the company for the vaccine, to continue testing for 15 years.]]> 2020-06-05 03:36:01 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612266181 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612267574 2020-06-05 03:38:07 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612267574 21js08571 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612270453 Dr. Takashi had studied the measles and polio vaccines viruses]]> 2020-06-05 03:42:19 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612270453 Shingles 21js08571 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612271734 The varicella virus can stay dormant in nerve cells for many years, and reappear later to cause the shingles disease]]> 2020-06-05 03:44:12 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612271734 21js08571 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612273564 "Careful study of this vaccine has shown it to be safe and prevent illness, and it appears to provide long-lasting protection against serious illness."- Dr. David Satcher


]]> 2020-06-05 03:46:28 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612273564 21js08571 https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612274323 2020-06-05 03:47:27 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612274323 Does it help? https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612284932 Data from the United States and Japan in a variety of settings indicate that varicella vaccine is 70% to 100% effective in preventing illness or modifying the severity of illness if used within 3 days, and possibly up to 5 days, after exposure. ]]> 2020-06-05 04:03:15 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612284932 Side effects https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612286288 The most common adverse reactions following varicella vaccine are local reactions, such as pain, soreness, erythema, and swelling. Based on information from the manufacturer’s clinical trials of varicella vaccine, local reactions are reported by 19% of children and by 24% of adolescents and adults (33% following the second dose).]]> 2020-06-05 04:05:25 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612286288 What is a vaccine? https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612288266 A mixture of a substance like a weakened microorganism, toxin, etc. administered to the body to prevent specific diseases by allowing the immune system to gain resistance through antibodies specific to defense against the disease.]]> 2020-06-05 04:08:42 UTC https://padlet.com/21js08571/8oepwskkc0yk0347/wish/612288266