Aparna, H. Nicoletta, L. (2021, October 21). What is CRISPR? Retrieved from https://www.livescience.com/58790-crispr-explained.html

Arguments/facts/dialogue:
- It could be really useful.
- If it's that powerful it could also be a big risk
- It could neglect years and years of evolution just in a single process, which could also become dangerous for example plants in its habitat.
- CRISPR stands for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and cas for CRISPR associated
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Summary:
CRISPR is the fastest, easiest and cheapest of the gene-editing tools. CRISPR is actually a natural process but then edited to the liking of the scientist. As it was originally found as a bacterial immune system defending single-celled bacteria and archaea against invading viruses. The main idea is to cut and repaste a piece of DNA through the use of “molecular scissors” also known as the CAS9 protein. It can potentially even create treatments for genetic diseases and not just for humans, everything with a genetic code can be edited by CRISPR.

Experts debating the accomplish with the powerful DNA editing tool and what can it cause.

Arguments/facts:
- We can modify the DNA from an animal, plant, and human.
- It's cheap, simple to manage and it contains a substance that can kill bacteria.
- You can manage it by yourself at your house.
- You can be like you want after changing your genes.

Dialogue:
- Does it bring bad things to our body or does it hearts it?
- Why did they create the CRISPR if before there was another invention with the same function even was difficult and expensive? They could make it cheaper and easier to control.
- I'm worried about the people who want to change their body to a technological body.
- Could they have their non-electrical body after changing it to a technical body?

Summary:
CRISPR is a technic that has been used since a long time ago and is very useful.
The technic CRISPR is letting us add DNAs to any part of our body and this technic is also can be added to animals and plants. It's cheap to buy and is pretty easy to control or use, I think that is a good invention because it can kill the bacteria inside our body.
Before CRISP there was another invention called TALENS that was not cheap, not easy, not easy to control invention for the scientist.

Annie, S. (2017, November 2). Mail-Order CRISPR Kits Allow Absolutely Anyone to Hack DNA. Retrieved from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/mail-order-crispr-kits-allow-absolutely-anyone-to-hack-dna

Arguments/facts:
- Cancer: Like many diseases, cancer results from a mutation in a person's genome, researchers say it's possible that a CRISPR-based treatment could one day slow the speed at which a tumour spreads, or perhaps reverse the disease completely. 
- HIV: The virus infects the immune cells in the body that attack viruses, and it's also a notorious mutator. In May 2017, some researchers in a university in Pittsburgh used CRISPR to snip the virus from the cell it was infecting, shutting down the virus's ability to replicate. 
- Huntington's disease: A fatal genetic disorder that causes nerves in the brain to deteriorate over time. In June 2017, scientists reported that they had reversed the disease in lab mice using CRISPR to snip out part of the mutant huntingtin gene that produces the toxic bits, which might help the condition. 
- Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A debilitating condition that develops because of a mutation in a single gene, called the dystrophin gene, which is one of the longest genes in the body. Using a variation of the CRISPR tool, called CRISPR-Cpf1, corrected the mutation that causes Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
- It could prevent some birth blindness by fixing the genetic error that causes it. 
- It could reduce chronic pain by altering genes to reduce inflammation using CRISPR. 
- Malaria: Scientists have been trying to reduce malaria by also reducing mosquitoes. In December 2015, scientists had identified three genes to reduce female mosquito fertility. They also announced that they had found that CRISPR could work to target at least one of them. 
- Lime disease: It is caused by a tick-borne bacterium that can spread from deer-tick bites to people. Scientists want to reduce the disease by using CRISPR-Cas9 to genetically modify white-footed mice in a way that would make them and their offspring become immune to the bacteria and unable to pass it along to ticks.
- CRISPR can also be used to modify the genomes of plants. Scientists are investigating ways to harness the tool's gene-editing ability to reduce disease in some crops and make others more robust. 
- Editing human embryos: The scientists used CRISPR-Cas9 to introduce and then edit out disease-causing mutations from human embryos. The study was done to show that genetic editing could be done at the embryonic stage. The embryos were not implanted in a human. 

Dialogue:
- Would we use it not only for therapeutic needs but for human physical traits too?
- Could CRISPR make twins?
- With all of this gene editing to cure diseases, maybe other stronger diseases will appear from mutations. 
- If we knew about dangerous consequences, would we still do it to cure other diseases?
- Should we use Crispr on the human germline, so that modifications are inherited by future generations?

Summary:
Diseases such as cancer, HIV, blindness, chronic pain, muscular dystrophy, Huntington's disease, etc. have been a total challenge for everyone up until now. However, now, with CRISPR, scientists may have found a solution to cure these, including some other genetic related diseases. It can be done by cutting or replacing the genetic malfunctions that cause these. 

Tracy, S. (2017, June 26). 10 Amazing Things Scientists Just Did with CRISPR. Retrieved from https://www.livescience.com/59602-crispr-advances-gene-editing-field.html

- The Cas9 follows the guide RNA to the same location in the DNA sequence and makes a cut across both strands of the DNA. The cell recognises that the DNA is damaged and tries to repair it.
- CRISPR-Cas9 has a lot of potential as a tool for treating a range of medical conditions that have a genetic component
- Carrying out gene editing in germline (reproductive) cells is currently illegal al in the UK and most other countries. 

- Many of the proposed applications involve editing the genomes of somatic non-reproductive) cells but there have been a lot of interest in and debate about the potential to edit germline (reproductive) cells.
- Scientists are keen to find a way to ensure that the CRISPR-Cas9 binds and cuts accurately.

Dialogue:
- What if we cut the wrong piece of DNA?
- Not knowing the second effects of CRISPR, should we test it on humans?
- I think that it is still dangerous because we don't know what could happen 100%
- How do we inject the right amount of protein Cas-9 into our bodies?
- Could we really trust RNA?

Summary:
Scientists can use DNA repair machinery to introduce changes to one or more genes in the genome of a cell of interest using CRISPR-Cas9. They have discovered this by observing bacteria that have Cas9 protein, and have adapted this system to test it on other organisms. The CRISPR-Cas9 system currently stands out as the fastest, cheapest and most reliable system for editing genes. However, because any changes made in germline cells will be passed on from generation to generation it has important ethical implications. It is likely to be many years before CRISPR-Cas9 is used routinely in humans. Much research is still focusing on its use in animal models or isolated human cells. There is still a lot of work focusing on eliminating other targets CRISPR-Cas9 might cut that were not intended to be edited. 

(2021, October 25). What is CRISPR-Cas9? Retrieved from https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-crispr-cas9

The disease that CRISPR-Cas9 can cure and the future function of the CRISPR.

Arguments/facts:
- There are more than 8 diseases that CRISPR-Cas9.
- The diseases that it can cure are cancer, blood disorders, blindness, AIDS, cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophy, Huntington's diseases, and covid-19.
- Each disease is cured with the help of the CRISPR, CRISPR is helping us to cure it so in the end, we need to totally cure ourselves of the disease.
- Cancer maybe not be cured totally with the CRISPR because it can passe things that we are not waiting for.

Dialogue:
- Why CRISPR-Cas9 can cure the covid-19? Even it can be left sequelae.
- If the modification makes the disease worst there will be more people that will change their DNA?
- Even though people say that CRISPR is precise, there's the science that can show that is not quite precise and safe.

Summary:
The CRISPR can cure 8 different diseases of our body.
Cancer is one of the diseases that can be cured by the CRISPR-Cas9.
In the first place was it started to cure cancer with the CRISPR-Cas9 was in China from 2019 to 2020 they were removing the gene that encodes for a protein called PD-1. After a university in the US add a substance into the treatment that China had. Blood disorders were adding the CRISPR into the bones, in the 5 patients, they didn't need anymore the blood of the patient to cure it. The blindness process happens inside the body. For AIDS there were many ways to cure it, the HIV was inserted into it so it can react. Cystic fibrosis is a disease about respiration so the CRISPR can help us to modify the original thing that caused the disease. Muscular dystrophy edits the proteins to be removed but in the end, is still functioning. In the end but not list Convid-19, this disease has been with us for the last 4 years and is cured with a new CRISPR called CRISPR/Cas13a that is invented by a scientist at Stanford University and its function is to stop creating inflammation in the lungs.
The technology of the CRISPR will be really advanced because what now it is doing and helping in the biggest diseases in the world is really proud and in the future, it will have better technology of the CRISPR.
Even though there are things that occur when you are modifying the DNA, could be not safe and not so precise as people say. So making a modification of the DNA is very serious because you can become and disabled person because of the unsafety in the modification.

Clara Rodíguez Fernandez, (September 13, 2021) 

There are many shady molecules out there that you’d never want to put in a person but are incredibly useful to help discover new biology. Does that mean we’re allowed to do that? The editing of DNA while having a disease can also for example damage the tumour suppressors and lead to cancer. And as with any disease, the safety of gene-editing therapy is all about the symptoms.

Corn, J. (2016, August 30). Safety for CRISPR. Retrieved from https://innovativegenomics.org/blog/safety-for-crispr/ 

Benefits and ethical concert about CRISPR.

Arguments/facts:
- Pros:
   - It can cure diseases by eliminating the bad cells for our body, they also found out new ways to kill the cancer cells.
   - Cheap, useful.
- Cons:
    - Changes the germ of our body, and maybe could pass to the next generation.
    - Hurt our body.

Dialogue:
- What will happen if we removed all DNA from our body and CRISPR replaced them?
- If CRISPR is going to affect our body after curing it what will happen and how we will be treated.
- When we are modifying our DNA occurs something to our body will we die?

Summary:
There are benefits and not about the CRISPR.
Some benefits are cheap, easy to control, and more advanced than before, and that is another invention. It also is good for our body because it can eliminate the bad cells and the bad thing from our body so we can be healthier, it also treats diseases that are affecting lots of people like cancer.
The change of our body is affecting our next generation so it's dangerous.

Sara Guillan in Genetics 

- could every baby in the future be edited to be immune to hereditary conditions and would it be ethical?
- without knowing the full consequences of any changes can we use CRISPR?

Summary:
Humans have been tinkering with genetics for thousands of years, even when we didn’t know it. But in the modern day, we can manipulate genes by means of CRISPR cas9. Which is an endlessly adaptable form of gene manipulation. The idea is basically that Cas9 could be reprogrammed to target, destroy, or replace specific genetic sequences.It is also being used to develop treatments for diseases like sickle cell anemia, possibly in the future CRISPR could be incredibly helpful for hereditary conditions such as the Huntington’s disease

With CRISPR you can directly observe what traits or behaviours are affected in lab mice, so CRISPR is used for studies but there are also clinical trials using CRISPR to treat several types of diseases and disorders.

Richardson, M. W. (2019, July 15) 

Retrieved from https://www.brainfacts.org/In-the-Lab/Tools-and-Techniques/2019/CRISPR-Explained-071519