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      <title>Assignment #2 by </title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos</link>
      <description>By: Lauren Kageyama, Maria Tsafantakis &amp; Ashley Showers</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2023-11-26 23:14:29 UTC</pubDate>
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      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
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         <title>Post #1 - Assignment 2</title>
         <author>laurenkageyama</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803167942</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>By: Lauren Kageyama, Maria Tsafantakis &amp; Ashley Showers.</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-11-26 23:22:06 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803167942</guid>
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         <title>Post #2 - Summary Chart</title>
         <author>laurenkageyama</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803172046</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-11-26 23:31:31 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803172046</guid>
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         <title>Post #3 - Pseudoscience Watchlist: Results can’t be reproduced or verified</title>
         <author>laurenkageyama</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803208071</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Definition: </strong></p><p><strong>“Results cannot be reproduced or verified"</strong> means insufficient third-party verification of the claimed findings. This doubts the legitimacy of the paranormal claims because reproduction is an essential part of genuine scientific findings.</p><p><br/></p><p><strong>Connection:</strong></p><p>People claim to be able to send thoughts straight from one person's mind to another through telepathy, often thought of as&nbsp;<strong>paranormal</strong>. However, telepathy usually runs into&nbsp;<strong>barriers to critical thinking</strong>.&nbsp;<strong>Anecdotal</strong>&nbsp;evidence or personal experiences may point to cases of telepathic communication, but the&nbsp;<strong>scientific method</strong>&nbsp;requires that proof be carefully examined. There aren't many consistent, independently confirmed demonstrations of telepathy, which calls into question its status as a scientifically proven phenomenon. This shows the importance of being&nbsp;<strong>skeptical</strong>, thinking critically, and using reliable sources to check out claims like these.</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-11-27 00:23:42 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803208071</guid>
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         <title>Post #4 - Red Flags: Confirmation Bias</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803223781</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Definition:</strong> In pseudoscience,<strong> confirmation bias</strong> refers to the tendency to look for, analyze, or retain information that supports assumptions or views while ignoring contradicting data, which can result in biased results.</p><p><br><strong>Connection:</strong> When people read media, they are influenced by <strong>confirmation bias </strong>to look for information that supports their opinions. This leads to the acceptance of <strong>pseudoscientific</strong> or <strong>paranormal</strong> claims while discounting material that has been scientifically validated. This bias can impede <strong>skepticism</strong> and<strong> critical thinking </strong>by making it difficult to assess the facts with fairness, identify bias, or disprove sources that aren't trustworthy</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-11-27 00:37:17 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803223781</guid>
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         <title>Post #5 - Pseudoscience Watchlist: Does not progress</title>
         <author>laurenkageyama</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803230800</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Definition: </strong></p><p><strong>"Does not progress"</strong>&nbsp;refers to stagnation or lack of development in understanding alleged phenomena as time progresses. Legitimate scientific claims progress by incorporating new evidence, while paranormal assertions that fail to adapt to scrutiny or make any advancements raise doubts about their credibility and scientific validity.</p><p><br/></p><p><strong>Connection:</strong></p><p>Perpetual motion machines, which claim to be able to run endlessly without a power source, have&nbsp;<strong>barriers to&nbsp;critical thinking</strong>. Despite ongoing claims,&nbsp;there haven't been any proven implementations or major scientific progress over time, which makes people question them. The&nbsp;<strong>scientific method</strong>&nbsp;calls for a close look at the facts and&nbsp;<strong>recognizing bias&nbsp;</strong>when judging claims. On the other hand, the continued lack of progress in perpetual motion machines shows how important it is to use critical thinking to disprove&nbsp;<strong>paranormal pseudoscience</strong>&nbsp;claims that aren't based on evidence.&nbsp;</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-11-27 00:44:01 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803230800</guid>
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         <title>Post #6 - Red Flags: Mystical Energy</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803233132</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Definition: </strong>In pseudoscience, <strong>mystical energy </strong>refers to alleged life energies or unseen forces that are not supported by science or empirical data; these claims are frequently connected to alternative or spiritual practices.</p><p><br><strong>Connection: </strong>The idea of chakras, which are thought to represent energy centers within the body in several spiritual traditions, is frequently entwined with mystic energy. Despite its supernatural origins, chakras are treated with <strong>skepticism</strong> in scientific circles and are relegated to <strong>pseudoscience</strong> because of the scant empirical data. Their adoption could be a hindrance to <strong>critical thinking</strong> since it calls for assessing claims, identifying biases, and depending on <strong>reliable sources </strong>for fair evaluations.</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-11-27 00:46:23 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803233132</guid>
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         <title>Post #7 - Red Flags: Suppression by Authorities </title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803246591</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><br><strong>Definition: Suppression by Authorities </strong>encompasses intentional efforts by influential bodies to inhibit, discredit, or silence unconventional theories or alternative practices that deviate from established scientific paradigms, restricting their study, dissemination, or acceptance within the scientific community and society.</p><p><br/></p><p><strong>Connection: Suppression by Authorities</strong> is similar to censorship in authoritarian governments. Both weaken <strong>skepticism</strong> and <strong>critical thinking</strong> by creating obstacles to obtaining a variety of sources and evaluating the available data, which constricts the <strong>critical thinking</strong> <strong>process</strong>. In the absence of<strong> credible sources</strong>, it becomes difficult to identify biases and disprove claims, which impedes the development of thoughtful conclusions and <strong>critical thinking</strong>.</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-11-27 00:59:22 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803246591</guid>
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         <title>Post #8 - Pseudoscience Watchlist: Money is often involved </title>
         <author>laurenkageyama</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803251730</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Definition:</strong></p><p><strong>"Money is often involved"</strong>&nbsp;means a financial interest behind some claims or practices. In the search for actual knowledge, financial interests may get in the way, which can cause doubt about these claims' scientific validity and reliability.&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><p><strong>Connection: </strong></p><p>Some psychic services, which are often thought of as&nbsp;<strong>pseudoscience</strong>, are a real-life example of how&nbsp;<strong>"money is often involved."</strong>&nbsp;Even though people say they have&nbsp;<strong>paranormal</strong>&nbsp;powers, the financial incentive of personalized readings or consultations makes it harder to think critically. It's reasonable to be&nbsp;<strong>skeptical&nbsp;</strong>because making money could get in the way of really seeking information and using the&nbsp;<strong>scientific method</strong>. It is important to&nbsp;<strong>recognize&nbsp;bias</strong>&nbsp;when judging these claims, and people should carefully look at the sources and proof. When dealing with these kinds of practices, it's important to use critical thinking skills,&nbsp;<strong>debunk</strong>&nbsp;claims, and look for information from reliable sources.</p><p><br/></p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-11-27 01:04:39 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803251730</guid>
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         <title>Post #9 - Reasons of Belief: Unexplained </title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803264481</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Definition: </strong>Claims or phenomena presented as scientific but without empirical support or validation within accepted scientific frameworks are referred to as<strong> unexplained</strong>. These claims or phenomena sometimes involve unproven ideas, mystical concepts, or paranormal events that defy scientific examination or explanation.</p><p><br/></p><p><strong>Connection: </strong>Unexplainable occurrences, such as UFO encounters, sometimes become tangled in the <strong>paranormal</strong> and <strong>pseudoscientific</strong> fields. Stories such as this encourage people to use <strong>critical thinking</strong> skills, such as <strong>skepticism</strong> and <strong>scientific methods</strong> to analyze<strong> and evaluate ideas</strong>. Biases must be recognized and acknowledged in order to properly <strong>evaluate the evidence</strong> from <strong>reliable sources</strong> given the significance of such events. The ability to come to objective conclusions regarding unexplained occurrences, including UFO encounters, that lack actual evidence or validation within the frameworks of science may be hindered by obstacles to <strong>critical thinking</strong>.</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-11-27 01:15:58 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803264481</guid>
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         <title>Post #10 - Reasons of Belief: Simplicity </title>
         <author>laurenkageyama</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803268017</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Definition:</strong></p><p><strong>"Simplicity"</strong>&nbsp;means people like simple, direct answers for strange events. People who want things to be simple may turn to supernatural or paranormal explanations, which can give them a sense of closure and clarity even if there is no scientific evidence to back them. It's reasonable that people want things to be as simple as possible, but this can sometimes lead them to believe things that aren't true.</p><p><br/></p><p><strong>Connection:</strong></p><p>An example of&nbsp;<strong>"simplicity"&nbsp;&nbsp;</strong>as a reason of belief to affect opinion is&nbsp;<strong>astrology</strong>, usually considered a&nbsp;<strong>pseudoscience</strong>. Even though astrology claims aren't backed up by science, the simplicity of their language causes&nbsp;<strong>barriers to&nbsp;critical thinking</strong>. When looking at claims that try to simplify complicated things, it's essential to be&nbsp;<strong>skeptical&nbsp;</strong>and use critical thinking skills. When judging sources that support astrological views, it's important to&nbsp;<strong>recognize&nbsp;bias</strong>.</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-11-27 01:18:20 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803268017</guid>
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         <title>Post #11 - Red Flags: Proof By Verbosity</title>
         <author>ashleyshowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803315031</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Definition: </strong></p><p><strong>Proof By Verbosity </strong>is when someone or something displays high volumes of claims, allegations, etc. more than anyone could possibly respond to. Doing this shows a high volume of "evidence" supporting let's say a product although it's not the amount of information it has it's the quality of the information. </p><p><br/></p><p><strong>Connection: </strong></p><p>I am very <strong>skeptical</strong> of this product as it claims to be "magic tea" which helps with weight loss, is also a detox drink, and includes remedies for winter coughs and colds. As I <strong>debunk</strong> these claims it clearly connects to the red flag Proof By Verbosity as it, displays high volumes of claims and allegations, by showing a lot of "evidence" (weight loss, detox drink, remedy for coughs and colds). However, it's not the amount of information it has it is the quality of the information Therefore, as this is not a <strong>reputable source</strong>, I would say to not believe these claims as it could very well just be a herbal tea with false allegations to be some "magical answer". </p>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.globenewswire.com/en/news-release/2015/01/13/697069/34334/en/Health-Benefits-of-Magic-Teafit-Weight-Loss-and-Detox-Drinks-also-Include-Remedy-for-Winter-Coughs-and-Colds.html" />
         <pubDate>2023-11-27 02:00:06 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803315031</guid>
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         <title>Post #12 - Red Flags: Ideological Support</title>
         <author>ashleyshowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803354146</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Definition:</strong></p><p><strong>Ideological Support</strong> is when the claimant uses their own belief in their claim and makes one believe it is rather politically or morally correct to accept their claim. Regardless if their belief is fact or even scientifically sound. </p><p><br/></p><p><strong>Connection:</strong></p><p>You have to be extremely <strong>skeptical </strong>when coming across something where Ideological Support is being used. To <strong>define the claim</strong> in this post there is a protest of anti-vax individuals who believe all kinds of things are caused due to our mandatory vaccinations. However, when you use the <strong>critical thinking process </strong>to <strong>debunk</strong> these individuals' claims, you realize that ideological support is used highly. These individuals use their own beliefs in their claim and absolutely disregard if their belief is actually fact and/or even scientifically sound. </p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-11-27 02:30:58 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803354146</guid>
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         <title>Post #13 - Reasons of Belief: Ideology</title>
         <author>ashleyshowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803373367</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Definition:</strong></p><p>Ideology is a set of ideas that a certain person and/or group holds in which they believe is the correct way. These ideas are oftentimes the main reason for their beliefs in certain things, and why they make certain decisions. </p><p><br/></p><p><strong>Connection:</strong></p><p>Everyone is very <strong>skeptical</strong> when it comes to politics, which I believe is good it is just primarily just different groups of people who have a certain set of ideas that make them believe certain things, and make decisions a certain way. However, when you <strong>debunk </strong>the way different political groups work and use the <strong>critical thinking process</strong> it is clear that they are just groups of different ideologies. Where each group believes their ideas are correct and therefore their decision-making is more appropriate.</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-11-27 02:47:12 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803373367</guid>
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         <title>Post #14 - Reasons of Belief: Perception and Observation</title>
         <author>ashleyshowers</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803399093</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Definition:</strong></p><p>Our Psychological beliefs work with our Observations to shape the way we perceive certain things. This makes up a huge part of our decision-making process. </p><p><br/></p><p><strong>Connection:</strong></p><p>This video is about a man who was incarcerated for a crime that he did not commit simply because he "looked like" a serial robber. Due to faulty eyewitness testimony, this man was wrongfully convicted and served 17 years behind bars. CBC is a <strong>reputable source </strong>and as we heard from the wrongfully convicted person himself we don't need to be extremely <strong>skeptical</strong> of this evidence. However, after <strong>debunking</strong> this we can see how the eyewitnesses' psychological beliefs work with their observations to shape the way they perceived this man as the eyewitness stated he "looked like" a serial robber. </p>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/faulty-eyewitness-testimony-can-lead-to-wrongful-convictions/" />
         <pubDate>2023-11-27 03:07:19 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/laurenkageyama/8mvb00d2dgzqmvos/wish/2803399093</guid>
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