Historical Foundations by Stephanie Myers https://padlet.com/myers_stephanie/8jd6udzr7r7q en-us 2016-12-27 14:20:31 UTC 2016-12-27 18:18:07 UTC hello@padlet.com Prior to late 19th century myers_stephanie https://padlet.com/myers_stephanie/8jd6udzr7r7q/wish/144819740 "Little understanding of emotional difficulties and mental disorders" (Seligman & Reichenberg, 2014, p.2)

People with these disorders received no professional help and/or were put into institutions.]]> 2016-12-27 14:23:04 UTC https://padlet.com/myers_stephanie/8jd6udzr7r7q/wish/144819740 Sigmund Freud myers_stephanie https://padlet.com/myers_stephanie/8jd6udzr7r7q/wish/144819854 - "Development of psychodynamic approaches to psychotherapy" (Seligman & Reichenberg, 2014, p. 2)

First force of psychotherapy 
- Based off the notion that past experiences  are the cause for the present emotional difficulties that people have

- Emphasis on unconscious processes and long-term treatment
(Seligman & Reichenberg, 2014, p. 2)  ]]> 2016-12-27 14:26:47 UTC https://padlet.com/myers_stephanie/8jd6udzr7r7q/wish/144819854 1960s myers_stephanie https://padlet.com/myers_stephanie/8jd6udzr7r7q/wish/144820061 Existential-humanistic psychotherapy
- Carl Rogers, Fritz Perls, Viktor Frankl

- "Importance of emotions and sensations and of people taking charge of and finding meaning in their own lives" (Seligman & Reichenberg, 2014, p.2)

- Highlighted importance of therapeutic alliance

- Third force of psychotherapy]]> 2016-12-27 14:35:51 UTC https://padlet.com/myers_stephanie/8jd6udzr7r7q/wish/144820061 1970s and 1980s myers_stephanie https://padlet.com/myers_stephanie/8jd6udzr7r7q/wish/144820154 Behavioral and Cognitive Theories and Interventions

1970s - Behavioral Approaches
1980s - Cognitive Approaches
1990s - Cognitive-Behavioral     
              Appraoches

- B.F. Skinner, Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck, William Glasser, & Donald Meichenbaum

- Emphasis on the "influence of thoughts and actions on emotions" (Seligman & Reichenberg, 2014, p.2)

- Rather than focusing on the past (like Freud), interventions focus on the present in an effort to replace "dysfunctional cognitions with more positive thoughts and actions" (Seligman & Reichenberg, 2014, p.2).

- Second force of psychotherapy]]> 2016-12-27 14:39:21 UTC https://padlet.com/myers_stephanie/8jd6udzr7r7q/wish/144820154 21st Century myers_stephanie https://padlet.com/myers_stephanie/8jd6udzr7r7q/wish/144820420 - The fourth force (Eclectic) is a combination of the previous three to have a more complete and holistic approach in order to best understand people.

- Counselors are in tune and understand the individual identity of their patients in order to foster a positive relationship which will lead to more effective  interventions and treatment.

- It's important that the counselor and patient are on the same team and that the counselor is aware and accepting of other cultures and perspectives, even if it differs from his/her own.  

- Counselors need to network and work with members of the community  ]]> 2016-12-27 14:50:06 UTC https://padlet.com/myers_stephanie/8jd6udzr7r7q/wish/144820420