Friction Affecting Motion by Taylor Walters https://padlet.com/t_walters3/8h8l1t1v5xfp Taylor Walters, Period 3 en-us 2019-02-06 19:13:59 UTC 2019-02-24 19:28:47 UTC hello@padlet.com Friction Affecting Motion t_walters3 https://padlet.com/t_walters3/8h8l1t1v5xfp/wish/328450594 Question: 
If I use a force to move a block across a surface, how will the difference in a surface affect how far the block moves.
Background information: 
  •  Friction: The resistance an object or surface has on another object or surface
  •  There are 4 types of friction. 
  • Sliding friction is applied when an object is sliding across another. This friction is most important for my experiment
  • Friction causes things to slow down. For example, when you try to push a piano across a floor, the friction makes it harder because it applies an opposing force to the object in the opposite direction of force that you apply to the piano.
  • Friction converts kinetic energy into heat energy - for example, when you rub your hands together, the kinetic energy is converted into heat energy, which makes your hands warm.
  • Liquids reduce friction
  • Coefficient of friction is the measure of how easily one object moves in relationship to another
  • If there is a high coefficient, there is a lot of friction
  • Because gravity pulls harder on things with more mass, things with more mass have more friction.
  • Friction is caused by molecular adhesion (molecules sticking together), surface roughness, and deformations
  • How to decrease friction: smoother surfaces, more streamlined objects, reduce forces and/or contact
  • how to increase friction: rougher surfaces, more pressure, stop any relative motion
  • Force: strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement

Hypothesis:
If I move a block across Cardboard (control), cork, rubber, and sandpaper (variables), then the block will be affected from most to least by sandpaper, cork, cardboard, and rubber because the different surfaces have different amounts of friction between the surface and the block.
]]> 2019-02-06 19:20:29 UTC https://padlet.com/t_walters3/8h8l1t1v5xfp/wish/328450594 Designing the Investigation t_walters3 https://padlet.com/t_walters3/8h8l1t1v5xfp/wish/328458597 Materials:
-Wooden block
-friction board
  • Cardboard
  • Cork
  • Rubber
  • Sandpaper
-spring scale
-triple balance scale
-ruler
-calculator 

Procedures:
  1. Place the wood block on the triple balance scale
  2. Measure the mass of the block in grams
  3. Measure the length, width and height of the block
  4. Place the block on the cardboard
  5. Hook the spring scale to the hook on the block. As you watch the force reading on the spring scale, gently pull on the spring scale until the block begins the move.
  6. Record the highest force reading on the spring scale and any observations
  7. Repeat steps 4-6 for accuracy of the control two times
  8. Move the block to the cork surface, this will be variable one
  9. Repeat steps 5 and 6 three times for accuracy of variable one
  10. Move the block to the rubber surface, this is variable two
  11. Repeat steps 5 and 6 three times for accuracy of variable two
  12. Move the block to the sandpaper surface. This is variable three
  13. Repeat steps 5 and 6 three times for accuracy of variable three
  14. Use the calculator to find the average of the three trials (average is the 3 results added together divided by 3)
  15. Record the average
]]> 2019-02-06 19:33:39 UTC https://padlet.com/t_walters3/8h8l1t1v5xfp/wish/328458597 Collecting and presenting data t_walters3 https://padlet.com/t_walters3/8h8l1t1v5xfp/wish/328459124 Observations and Data Collection:
-Cardboard: The block smoothly moved across the surface, the friction boards we used were uneven and they caused the block to get stuck, we had to switch the board around so that the block wouldn't get stuck.

-Cork: The cork board was missing parts of the board and it caused the block to put pressure into different parts of the board instead of the whole board itself.

-Rubber: The block was harder to move across the rubber, the block got stuck on peeling rubber pieces, the block would also tilt because it got stuck so we had to change the angle of the spring scale.

-Sandpaper: The boards were very uneven and we tried to push them down, but our fingers got in the way, so we had to move the boards around again.

-Other observations: There were different people, there were different strengths pulling on the spring scale, there were different board angles and the spring scale would bounce from one end of the scale to another.

Presentation of Data:
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1uICBi4ZOgTeTh4l4RcetTH3ABjlt47oc0SZii_oxp6U/edit?usp=sharing]]> 2019-02-06 19:34:41 UTC https://padlet.com/t_walters3/8h8l1t1v5xfp/wish/328459124 Analyzing and Interpreting Results t_walters3 https://padlet.com/t_walters3/8h8l1t1v5xfp/wish/328460313 Conclusion:
According to our testing results, the rubber caused the most friction, followed by sandpaper, cardboard and finally cork. The rubber slowed down the block and made the block harder to pull, therefore the spring scale to require more force to pull the block across the surface. The block was least affected by the cork surface because the surface was missing pieces so the there wasn’t as much friction applied to the block, therefore letting it move across the surface without much resistance. It was most affected by rubber because the rubber had the most surface roughness and the block had a harder time moving across the surface and there had to be more force on the block in order to move it. My hypothesis was wrong because I thought that the sandpaper would affect the block the most when the rubber affected it the most. I also thought that rubber would affect the blocks' movement the least but the rubber affected the block the most and the cork affected it the least. There were a few errors that could have affected the results of my testing. A possible error that occurred was that we used two friction boards instead of one, but the two boards were uneven, causing the block to get stuck on the edges. That caused the spring scale to require more force to pull the block across the surface. Another possible error that occurred was the boards. The friction board had 4 different surfaces, each in different conditions. The cork was missing many parts, and the rubber was peeling, causing the block to get stuck on pieces of rubber. If I did this experiment again, I would only use one friction board instead of two put together and I would have made sure the boards were in a better condition. One last error that could have changed the results of our experiments were the different people. We had different people pulling on the spring scale. With this in mind, the different people used different forces when pulling on the spring scale, and they might have pulled the block at different angles. By doing this experiment, I learned that different surfaces can have different amounts of friction. I also learned that rubber is not a smooth surface and causes a lot of friction. This experiment applies in the real world because, for example, cars and things like 4-wheeler has rubber tires and driving on different surfaces, like dirt, can affect how fast you can drive because of different friction caused by different surfaces. Another measurable question based on my experimental findings is how do different angles you pull the block from causes different amounts of friction. I noticed when I was doing my experiment, the block moved easier when I pulled the spring scale up towards the ceiling.]]> 2019-02-06 19:37:02 UTC https://padlet.com/t_walters3/8h8l1t1v5xfp/wish/328460313