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      <title>The Present and its Challenges by Emma Morton</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80</link>
      <description>Part of the OER: Digital Futures for Teaching</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2022-03-17 08:48:52 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2022-04-24 14:47:38 UTC</lastBuildDate>
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         <title>In this section you will consider two present day challenges that I believe will impact on a sustainable digital future for teaching in Kenya. </title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2099647565</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><em>(If you need definitions for these terms, look back at the website).</em></div><div><br></div><div><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-17 08:52:04 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2099647565</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>2. The global versus the local: </title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110378827</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Effects of global educational demands on local curricula.</div><div><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-23 18:54:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110378827</guid>
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         <title>a) Instrumentalism</title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110382210</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<blockquote>&nbsp;“<a href="https://digitalfuturesforteaching.wordpress.com/definitions/">Instrumentalism</a> thus equates the educational value of technologies with use, rather than attempting to see how pedagogical concerns and considerations might be built into the technology itself at the level of design.”&nbsp;</blockquote><div><em>&nbsp;Hamilton and Friesen’s (2013, p. 7)&nbsp;</em></div><div>In a teaching system where the emphasis has always been on a more conservative mode of teaching, as is the case in Kenya, technology often reinforces the didactic nature of the pedagogical method. <strong>Currently, EdTech within Kenya largely has an instrumental role.</strong> It is understandable that technology is thought of as the medium with which teachers teach, because the Kenyan education system has its roots in “technical instrumentalism, which theorises education as a means to an end” (M’mboga Akala, 2021, p. 3)</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-23 18:55:58 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110382210</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>1. Techno-solutionism</title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110428675</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>There is a danger of </strong><a href="https://digitalfuturesforteaching.wordpress.com/definitions/"><strong>techno-solutionism</strong></a><strong> becoming the norm, with an emphasis on instrumentalism and a potential problem with learnification. We must consider the position of technology alongside pedagogy; this will effect the digital futures for technology.</strong></div><div><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-23 19:26:21 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110428675</guid>
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      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110432730</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>&nbsp;There is a possibility in Kenya that without careful implementation and training, digital technologies will continue to be harnessed from such an instrumentalist direction. Now, with the emphasis on delivering a competency-based curriculum, teachers run the risk of an over-reliance on technology.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-23 19:29:18 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110432730</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110433725</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Can you give examples of how digital technology is being used in present-day school education. Give 3 examples.&nbsp;</strong></div><div><strong>Which of these statements do you agree with and why?</strong></div><ol><li><strong>Technology supports the teaching</strong></li><li><strong>Technology influences the teaching</strong></li><li><strong>Technology becomes the teaching</strong></li><li><strong>Technology takes over the teaching</strong></li><li><strong>Technology detracts from the teaching</strong></li></ol><div><strong>What do you think the challenges are for a Kenyan teacher trying to implement a new competency -based curriculum? How could digital technology help?</strong></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-23 19:30:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110433725</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>b) Learnification</title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110435655</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Read this blog</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://ryan2point0.wordpress.com/2014/09/30/the-learnification-of-education/" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-23 19:31:33 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110435655</guid>
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         <title>c) A Case Study to illustrate technology leading pedagogy</title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110438032</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Read this description and critique of the Bridge International Academies. It is&nbsp;an international chain of franchises that provide basic education services as a mass-produced item for consumption at ‘affordable’ rates. It has attracted the attention of big donors, including the Gates Foundation. It is criticised for providing a standardised, robotic version of education, belittling the position of the teacher, delivering</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/942096850/9b7646dc89cc749c671008d3ddd0ac78/Bridge_Academy_critique.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-23 19:33:19 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110438032</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110443320</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>&nbsp;Now <a href="https://blogs.ed.ac.uk/s2139617_an-introduction-to-digital-environments-for-learning-20202021sem2/2021/03/01/pedagogy-must-lead-technology/"><strong>read</strong></a> this blog by E Morton about the Cousin’s concept of “<a href="https://digitalfuturesforteaching.wordpress.com/definitions/">The Medium is the Pedagogy</a>”&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://blogs.ed.ac.uk/s2139617_an-introduction-to-digital-environments-for-learning-20202021sem2/2021/03/01/pedagogy-must-lead-technology/" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-23 19:37:01 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110443320</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110444398</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>What do you think? Do you agree that there is an increasing tendency for technology to lead the pedagogy?</strong> It could be referred to as a type of "techagogy": a technology-directed form of pedagogy in which instruction is led by machines, rather than the teacher.</div><div><strong>What might be the future consequences of technology leading the pedagogy?&nbsp;</strong></div><div><strong>In the example of the Bridge Academy, is technology benefitting SDG4?</strong></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-23 19:37:49 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110444398</guid>
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      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110446831</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/942096850/028b434c292e093332ae82a9b4d61109/Global_v_Local.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-23 19:39:39 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2110446831</guid>
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      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2111244365</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This work is licenced under <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-ShareAlike 4.0</a></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2022-03-24 06:30:35 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2111244365</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Gallagher&#39;s article on &quot;Educational Unsustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa: In Search of Counter-Narratives to Policy Pressures and Exponential Tech Growth&quot;</title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2155155308</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/942096850/095aaa27a34bbd78f7aff39256a2293a/Gallagher.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2022-04-24 10:01:29 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2155155308</guid>
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         <title>Escobar&#39;s article on &quot;The Global Doesn’t Exist&quot; </title>
         <author>emma1080</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2155156956</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>&nbsp;Arturo Escobar, “The Global Doesn’t Exist,” contribution to GTI Forum “Think Globally, Act Locally?,” Great Transition Initiative (August 2019), https://greattransition.org/gti-forum/global-local-escobar.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2022-04-24 10:04:19 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/emma1080/8c42mgye32z95k80/wish/2155156956</guid>
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