Let’s start with the one we all recognise, the Union Jack, so-called because it represents all four flags of the kingdoms of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The design reflects the 1801 Act of Union between Britain and Ireland, although rather interestingly the Welsh flag was not incorporated into the Union Jack as it was considered to be a province of England.

Tradition states that this flag should always be flown with the broader white diagonal seen on the top left quadrant, nearest the top of the flagpole. However, if it is ever seen to be flying upside down with the broader white stripe at the base, this is usually interpreted as a sign of distress or emergency.