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      <title>EDF 3034 T3 2020 - AT1 Group Singapore Sling: Comprehension (Decoding: Listening &amp; Reading) and Composing (Encoding: Writing) by Jacklyn Santhanamary Navin</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo</link>
      <description>Annette Lim, Denise Ye Hui Tay &amp; Nalpon Jacklyn Santhanamary


</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2020-08-02 03:34:45 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2026-02-24 19:41:38 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
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      <item>
         <title>Reading Rockets - Rhyming games (Phonological Knowledge)</title>
         <author>jnal0002</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/667286100</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource offers several classroom strategies, articles, assessment tools along with rhyming activities, specifically elkonin box templates, onset/ rime and syllable games which help students develop phonemic awareness. (MOE, 2013, p. 9) states that phonological awareness is about understanding the sound structure of spoken language. Generally, children begin with an awareness of large units of sound (i.e. words, syllables, onsets and rimes) and progress to smaller units of sound. (Fellowes and Oakley, 2014, p. 226) further supports that a strong knowledge of the system of graphophonic or letter–sound relationships in  english language helps children decode words which are new to them and is crucial for reading and writing development, thus emphasising listening skills and sounds are building blocks for reading. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/rhyming_games" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-02 03:50:55 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/667286100</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Assessment for Writing</title>
         <author>annettelimsy</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/674076220</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>NAEYC – Promoting Pre-schooler’s Emergent Writing<br><br></div><div>As children progress to the stage of emergent writing, it is essential to ensure that children’s writing meet the certain goals and requirements. Assessment for writing should also take place</div><div>with reference to program goals (Fellowes &amp; Oakley, Assessing and Evaluating Writing, 2014) to ensure activities and themes of each school’s curriculum are met as well. This resource serves as a reference for educators to assess the writing skills of the children. With reference to NAEYC (National Association for the Education of Young Children), educators evaluate the abilities of the children in displaying their understanding the use of punctuations, texts for writing different contents as well as sentence structures. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.naeyc.org/resources/pubs/yc/nov2017/emergent-writing" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-10 10:19:05 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/674076220</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Oral Language Development</title>
         <author>annettelimsy</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/674076483</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>KindergartenKiosk - Language, Reading and Writing Activities<br> <br></strong>This resource offers guidance and a range of strategies specifically for kindergarten educators teaching English language. Educators can find various activities and exemplary lesson plans in this resource to help children attain a better grasp of phonics and phonological awareness. The stages of reading or writing development are necessary to guide teaching (Chall, 1983). Hence, in this resource, educators can refer for tips on how to improve text experience for the children in terms of reading and writing, such as learning to use interactive and structured writing to respond to text as well as through shared writing. Nurturing the intrinsic motivation (Fellowes &amp; Oakley, Affective Factors and Young Children's Literacy Learning, 2014)in children as they progress through the ‘preoperational stage’ (Levine &amp; Munsch, 2018) of Piaget's theory of cognitive development. More learning opportunities will be open to the children as they enhance their oral development skills, progressing their abilities to gradually recognise the concept of English language through reading, speech and writing.<br><br><br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.kindergartenkiosk.com/" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-10 10:19:42 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/674076483</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Phonological Awareness</title>
         <author>denisetayyh</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/676838724</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource offers an instructional guide for teachers to use to develop phonological awareness skills in the kindergarten classroom. As The Australian National Inquiry into the Teaching of Literacy (Rowe, 2005, p.36) pointed out that there are certain foundational skills, namely phonological awareness and knowledge of graphophonic relationships that should be taught 'explicitly, systematically, early and well'. This resource includes information on areas from phonological processing, phonemic awareness to phonological awareness instructions and ideas for phonological awareness activities.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.uwo.ca/fhs/lwm/teaching/dld_2018_19/Woldmo_PAGuideKindergarten.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-12 07:53:04 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/676838724</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Essential Early Literacy Teaching Stategies</title>
         <author>denisetayyh</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/677904953</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource offers a guide on what early literacy instruction children should receive. It is explained that the term 'early literacy' was adopted as "forming reading and writing concepts and skills is a dynamic process (National Research Council 1998, 2000).  In accordance to The Early Years Learning Framework (EYLF), intentional teaching should be used alongside play-based learning. There are eight teaching strategies "with strong research links to early literacy skills and, in some cases, with later elementary-grade reading achievement" that are in this resource would be very useful.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.bowdoin.edu/childrens-center/pdf/literacy-essentials.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-12 22:25:12 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/677904953</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Enhancing the Early Reading Experience: Books, Strategies, and Concepts</title>
         <author>denisetayyh</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/677936285</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource offers a guideline for choosing children's books. According to the Association for Library Service to Children &amp; Public Library Association, there are six research-based layers of which parents and educators could use to help choose books that will encourage and motivate lifelong readers.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/635200008/b9956b6b7810c1342182ed074cf74122/Reading.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-12 23:02:25 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/677936285</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Writing - Sentence Formation and Structuring</title>
         <author>annettelimsy</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/679169937</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br></div><div><strong>Lakeshore Learning – Writing Activities</strong><br><br></div><div>This resource offers a range of writing activities such as – descriptive writing, expressive writing and chronological writing to guide children in writing. “Before writing conventionally, children scribble to convey meaning through print”. (Ferreiro &amp; Teberosky, 1982) As children at the ages between 4-5 years old transition to Kindergarten level, they “need to develop a capacity to write words and sentences and to construct suitably sequenced and comprehensible texts. “ (Fellowes &amp; Oakley, 2014). For educators, Lakeshore learning also serves as a guiding platform for them to base their writing lessons with the given structures of each activity found in the resource. With these writing experiences taken into practice, Children gain comprehensive development (Fellowes &amp; Oakley, Preparing to write, 2014) of their own writings as well as contexts of sentences and words which they read in their daily experiences. At the same time, children will also apply their skill of phonological awareness as they form their learnt words through inventive spelling (Ministry of Education, 2013).</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.lakeshorelearning.com/resources/free-resources/printables" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-13 17:43:54 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/679169937</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Early Reading Assessment</title>
         <author>denisetayyh</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/679950058</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource serves as a brief guide to assess the children's reading level. As students enter the class with diverse background and skills in literacy, it is important for teachers to know how to assess these students so as to prepare appropriate lessons and design literacy instruction to meet the individual needs of each student, including those with disabilities (Rhodes &amp; Shanklin, 1993). This site provides four simple steps to find books at the right level for the child. Additional resources such as the San Diego Quick Assessment of Reading Ability and the 'five-finger rule' are also included in this site. I personally thought that the five finger rule was brilliant and it should be taught to kindergartners so that they could also use it to select books independently. As shared by Kim,  J.'s research on how to make summer reading effective, he shared that when children get help choosing skill-appropriate books and read (those books over the summer break), both independently and with guidance from family members, reading achievement scores can improve significantly.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.understood.org/en/school-learning/learning-at-home/encouraging-reading-writing/4-steps-to-choosing-books-at-your-childs-reading-level" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-14 05:59:44 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/679950058</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Careful Planning and Instructions Needed</title>
         <author>denisetayyh</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/679976525</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource sheds some light and provides bite-size guidance on children's literacy development continuum from beginning years to primary grades. It highlights the importance of careful planning and instructions, and regular and active interactions with print which helps develop children's ability to read and write. It is also added that good teachers bring into play a variety of teaching strategies that encompass the great diversity of children in schools since there is no one teaching method or approach that is most effective for all children (Strickland, 1994). As per Fellowes (2014, p. 274), this article also states that "the single most important activity for building skills essential for reading success is reading aloud to children" (Wells 1985; Bus, Van Ijzendoorn, &amp; Pellegrini 1995). By demonstrating how to read to the children, reading aloud provides a high degree of support to children as they listen and are able to focus on enjoying, comprehending the story and gaining exposure to new vocabulary, concepts, sentence structures and text types (Fellowes, 2014). It is also mentioned that children need to be exposed to a wide variety of genres to enhance their vocabulary development.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.readingrockets.org/article/learning-read-and-write-what-research-reveals" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-14 06:40:31 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/679976525</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Whole Body Listening</title>
         <author>jnal0002</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680099040</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>For most students, whole body listening is significant to building literacy because it tells them exactly what listening looks like and sounds like. It is important for teachers to explicitly teach and model how to use multiple parts of their body to and process information, follow directions and instructions. Bandura, A. (1977) The social learning theory demonstrates that children learn and imitate behaviors they observe in others. More specifically through a verbal instructional model, which involves descriptions and explanations of a behavior in this case, how to listen holistically with our bodies. It should be noted, however, that listeners often use additional information to help them make meaning. They use visual information such as the speaker’s body language and they also use the knowledge they have about the context, the topic and the speaker. For the communication to be effective, the meaning intended by the speaker and that derived by the listener must be in close harmony. There needs to be a shared understanding of what is being said. (Fellowes and Oakley 2014, p. 18).</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://mrsduranteszones.weebly.com/whole-body-listening.html" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-14 10:39:02 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680099040</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Sound Discrimination - Phonics </title>
         <author>jnal0002</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680100598</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource clearly defines the differences between phonological awareness, phonics and phonemic awareness. Introductory phonics pattern (graphemes) several activities are suggested to create unlimited words using short vowel sounds. According to (State Government of Victoria, 2019), phonics is explained as a mapping of speech sounds (phonemes) to letter patterns (graphemes). This is further supported by (Fellowes and Oakley, 2014, p. 35) which states that the ability to discriminate between speech sounds, such as phonemes, is a skill that can also be developed through discriminative listening experiences. Sound discrimination involves awareness of environmental sounds, changes in intonation, rate, pitch, intensity and stress patterns in spoken language. Teachers may revisit their knowledge about sound discrimination and phonics to better facilitate children's learning, through this resource. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.education.vic.gov.au/childhood/professionals/learning/ecliteracy/emergentliteracy/Pages/phonics.aspx" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-14 10:42:12 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680100598</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Read Alouds - Intensive Listening</title>
         <author>jnal0002</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680101514</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>StoryTime at Awnie's House is a youtube channel offering countless number of read alouds for preschool children. (Fellowes and Oakley 2014, p. 239) suggests educators and parents uncover decoding strategies by modelling reading alouds, allowing children  to familiarize with sounds and absorb language patterns. Using think-alouds to explain daily routines help children build knowledge of letters and sounds. Taylor, D. (1983) highlights the role of the family and how parents' involvement can support early literacy development of children. Parents may be invited to the classroom to model fluent reading. The underlying principle is that both parents and educators have a role to perform in children’s development and learning parent–educator partnerships educators and parents working together to provide the best opportunity for children to achieve optimal development and learning (Fellowes and Oakley 2014, p. 590)</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCbqmj1hzxuAXsjk08k-KP6w" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-14 10:43:56 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680101514</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Graphophonic Games</title>
         <author>jnal0002</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680102844</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This online resource promotes letter sound learning through exciting hands-on games. A variety of materials are used as part of the learning experiences, such as mystery bags, sound cups and letter tile mats. Play offers a natural way for children to express ideas. Children learn by watching and imitating situations around them. Piaget believed learning through trial and error enhances a child’s cognitive abilities (Mooney, 2000, p.63).  Thus, teachers may facilitate this self exploration process by including a variety of materials appealing to the senses, to encourage children’s exploration and independent learning. This is supported by (Fellowes and Oakley 2014, p. 608) which states that a literacy-enriched environment should be filled with various types of literacy materials which are accessible to children throughout the classroom and encourage children to engage in literacy behaviours. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.prekinders.com/alphabet-letter-sounds/" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-14 10:46:18 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680102844</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Syllables Activities/ Games</title>
         <author>jnal0002</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680103595</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>To help with reading, children need to firstly understand that spoken language consists of sounds that can be broken down into smaller parts – into words, into the syllables within words and finally into the individual sounds in words. (MOE, 2013, p.8). To facilitate this, teachers may start with words that interest children, such as their names and family and friends. Teaching strategies such as using clapping, stomping, tapping out sounds to build on syllable knowledge are included in this resource. As children work on listening skills to learn about syllables, they take on the role of code breakers as they begin to crack the codes of sound-letter relationships which prepares them to decode print. This is according to the four resources model, socio-cultural theory of reading by (Luke &amp; Freebody, 1999).  </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.education.com/games/preschool/ela/?q=listening" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-14 10:48:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680103595</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Listening Comprehension Quizzes</title>
         <author>jnal0002</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680106362</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource guides teachers to create interactive listening comprehension quizzes, called ‘TubeQuizard’ based on subtitled Youtube videos. It provides countless opportunities for children to engage in live listening and can be accustomed  according to children's level of competencies. Nursery rhymes and story books of children's choices may be explored together according to their interests. This resource helps children listen and understand pronunciation of high frequency language. Roskos, Tabors, and Lenhart (2009) points out that oral language is the foundation of learning to read and write. Children need to hear language spoken around them, in order to become literate. According to Vandergrift, Therefore, listeners may rely more on top-down processing, in which prior knowledge and higher-level skills are used to build a framework for comprehension, because listeners recall more main ideas as the listening material disappears quickly (Vandergrift, 2004). This helps children better grasp ideas mentally in comparison to seeing letters while reading.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=akE2QXK3Ga4" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-14 10:54:41 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680106362</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Metacognitive Strategies - Mindfulness</title>
         <author>jnal0002</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680108051</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource tests listening skills using mindfulness as a tool. It is of vital importance that students should be taught to listen effectively and critically. According to Flavell, metacognitive knowledge plays an important role in many cognitive activities related to language use, e.g. oral comprehension or communication of information, reading comprehension, and writing, to language acquisition, and to various types of self-instruction (Flavell, 1979, pp. 906). It is important to get children to tune in and listen to their inner voices, this resource helps teachers facilitate children to calm down and focus on their inner voices. This is in accordance with  (Schmidt, 1993, p 206-226) which highlights that students can be made metacognitively aware of their own priorities in language learning, and their own potentials and weaknesses as language learners, language learning and teaching will be more successful.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uUIGKhG_Vq8" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-14 10:58:51 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680108051</guid>
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      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>jnal0002</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680116622</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/660776894/4a7df7a5080b8e0392fb8e8ad6f8df31/References_.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-14 11:19:34 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680116622</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>The Working Memory</title>
         <author>jnal0002</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680147793</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The printable resources include barrier, auditory and memory games for teachers to help strengthen childrens’ cognitive abilities. Working memory refers to the memory needed to hear information, remember it, and then use it to complete a task. Our brain decodes sounds and uses it to decode messages. (Fellowes and Oakley 2014, p. 36) highlights that adequate working memory is a necessary attribute for good listening; that is, the retention of information for a short time so that it can be put to use. These resources may be shared with parents to encourage families involvement in children's learning. According to Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979) ecological theory, parents, teachers and caregivers are all a part of the “microsystem” and positive communication helps build a strong macro system that supports the childs' holistic learning and development.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.twinkl.com.sg/resource/us-t-s-1230-listen-and-repeat-auditory-memory-cards" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-14 12:12:18 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/680147793</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Print Awareness</title>
         <author>annettelimsy</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681307218</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Pinterest – Class Books for The Classroom</strong><br>"The speed and accuracy of a child in recognizing individual letters critically determines their reading proficiency and future growth" (Adams, 1994). This resource brings along a fun way for educators to guide children as they develop awareness for literacy print in their environment. Using this activity, educators can present lessons as platforms for children to develop their creativity whilst they create stories out of short sentences on their own. With the creation of the class books through their own efforts, children will anticipate the enjoyment of a literacy content made from their own efforts. Children will also gradually etch abilities with their book handling skills along with literacy reading as they read with understanding and for enjoyment (Ministry of Education, 2013). As part of the children’s learning experience, educators can integrate such activities to various language lessons it to reinforce communicative writing, motivating the children to produce their best writing (Fellowes &amp; Oakley, Publishing and Sharing with An Audience, 2014). <br><strong><br></strong><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.pinterest.com/pin/235805730469179422/" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-15 08:11:16 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681307218</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Pencil Grip/Dexterity/Accuracy</title>
         <author>annettelimsy</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681307317</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>The Inspired Treehouse – Developmental Skills<br></strong><br></div><div>Aside from linguistics and intellectual skills, writing largely involves fine motor skills as well. With the coordination and control of the wrists, fingers and hands (Ministry of Education, 2013), children develop the skill of their pencil grip and accuracy in the formation of their written letters and numbers. This resource provides age-appropriate activities for children to progress towards the goal of ‘developing fluent and legible handwriting’ (Fellowes &amp; Oakley, Handwriting, 2014). “Writing is a foundational skill that requires a combination of motor and cognitive-linguistic skills” (ASHA, 2001). Besides developing dexterity in the tripod grip (Fellowes &amp; Oakley, Assessment of Handwriting, 2014) for handwriting, educators may possibly integrate these activities for the children’s learning experiences as well, in the various domains of learning, as they progressively sharpen their abilities in fine and gross motor skills, hand-eye coordination and concentration skills. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://theinspiredtreehouse.com/developmental-skills-d-is-for-dexterity/" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-15 08:11:56 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681307317</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Literacy Comprehension</title>
         <author>annettelimsy</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681431466</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>YouTube - Learning Through Play: Reading Comprehension Games<br><br></div><div>This resource offers various activities to colourize children’s learning experiences with literacy comprehension. According to Jeanne M. Machado in Early Childhood Experiences in Language Arts, a child’s vocabulary is strongly related to his comprehension and ease of learning to read (Machado, 2016). As children progress in their years and learn with increasing integration, the complexity of literacy comprehension advances as well. With reference to the activities in this resource, educators can look to plan such or more activities which involves the integration of children’s skills as they continue to hone their skills in translating ‘receptive vocabulary’ into ‘expressive vocabulary’ (Fellowes &amp; Oakley, Vocabulary for Reading and Writing, 2014). </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmHGvlNkIcE" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-15 16:17:35 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681431466</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Punctuation</title>
         <author>annettelimsy</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681433804</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<h1><strong>YouTube : The Punctuation People Series</strong></h1><div>Through an upbeat animation and catchy rhythm, this resource brings about ways different kinds of punctuation are </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AC3WqM-0TpI" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-15 16:23:14 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681433804</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Enhancing Vocabulary Through Games</title>
         <author>denisetayyh</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681736049</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource offers nine simple games for preschoolers. Because  "vocabulary is the bedrock of language and early literacy, and its size and quality have consequences for school readiness an early literacy development" (National Early Literacy Panel, 2008, as cited in Roskos &amp; Burstein, 2010), it is critical that teachers (or caregivers) continuously create meaningful opportunities to embed vocabulary into children's daily lives. In an article by Hassinger-das, B., et al. (May 2017), it is revealed that children defined the set of target words through guided play more readily than another set of words through a picture card-based word learning. Therefore, this resource is great for it provides ideas on quick and fun games that aim to teach children to learn vocabulary.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://empoweredparents.co/vocabulary-games-for-kids/" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-16 09:45:41 UTC</pubDate>
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      </item>
      <item>
         <title>List-Group-Label - A Vocabulary and Comprehension Strategy</title>
         <author>denisetayyh</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681907878</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource demonstrates a vocabulary and comprehension strategy that helps develop categorisation skills, build background knowledge, activate critical thinking, and grow vocabulary. The video offers a clear demonstration of the three steps of this strategy and how it is done in the classroom. As per in Oakley &amp; Fellowes (2014, p. 249)., this strategy clearly demonstrates that "vocabulary is learnt (incidentally) through interacting with others, participating in activities with others, (playing and role-play,) reading and listening, and also through direct modes of instruction such as word study and explicit vocabulary lessons". The teacher first models the strategy and then got the children get to work in their groups independently while providing guidance when necessary. The children are also encouraged to work together, discuss their answers and come to an agreement before they put it on paper.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-08-16 18:57:54 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681907878</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Teaching Comprehension via Cognitive Strategy - Anticipation Guide</title>
         <author>denisetayyh</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681945712</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource demonstrates the use of the anticipation guide which is one of the cognitive strategies for teaching comprehension as described in Oakley &amp; Fellowes (2014). This strategy is used before reading to activate students' prior knowledge and build curiosity about a new topic. In the video, the teacher starts by introducing the strategy, the purpose of it and then models it, and explains her thinking process. She continues by emphasizing on predictions instead of right versus wrong answers. The video also shows the children discussing with a peer on how the story may unfold. They also demonstrate how they make connections to the text or picture cues and to the world - which is an important aspect of comprehension (Oakley &amp; Fellowes, 2014).</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-08-16 20:35:51 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681945712</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Choral Reading to Foster Reading Fluency</title>
         <author>denisetayyh</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681965180</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource provides a demonstration on how choral reading can be done with small groups. As suggested in Oakley &amp; Fellowes (2014), choral reading is  one of the key practices for fostering reading fluency. Research suggests that choral reading improves reading fluency, expands vocabulary, and increases students' confidence (Minero, E., 11 September 2019).</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/choral_reading" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-16 21:24:27 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681965180</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Audio-assisted Reading to build Fluency Skills</title>
         <author>denisetayyh</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681984631</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This resource offers guidance as to how to set up audio-assisted reading, links to sources to where the audio books, songs, poems and other stories to listen to online or to download, and even suggested books to use with this strategy. Researchers compiled evidence, suggested implications for classroom instruction, and proven strategies for teaching reading skills which included "oral reading practice is increased through the use of audiotapes (tutors, peer guidance or other means) (Armbruster, et al, 2001).</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/audio_assisted_reading" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-16 22:08:28 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/681984631</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Prosody - Dramatic Play </title>
         <author>jnal0002</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/682025238</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Acting spontaneous free-flow play (Bruce &amp; Spratt, 2008) and dramatic play should also be encouraged, especially in preschool settings, since this allows and encourages children to try language out, to find their own props and re-enact stories and life experiences, and to act out possible scenarios and experiment with different roles and projected situation.</div><div>Prosody is concerned with the study of rhythm and sound effects as they occur in songs, poems and skits. and with the various theoretical approaches to the study of these structures. Teachers may tap on resource to introduce dramatic play in class. This enhances opportunities to test children’s listening skills and ability to follow instructions. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://www.kidsinco.com/complete-list-of-playscripts/" />
         <pubDate>2020-08-16 23:31:51 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>An Overview of our Resources - Stop Motion Video </title>
         <author>jnal0002</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/684497432</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Stop-motion animation can be used as a learning tool to teach a variety of literacy concepts. </div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-08-18 10:04:32 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/684497432</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>jnal0002</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/684554731</link>
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         <pubDate>2020-08-18 11:40:50 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jnal0002/87ua1vh49f0hlflo/wish/684554731</guid>
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