State How These Reforms Changed Perak

-Abolishing Debt-Slavery By Compensating Slave Owners For The Loss Of Their Slaves.

This Allowed Perak To Abolished Debt-Slavery Without Any Resentment And Allowed Families To Be Back Together

-Influence Chinese Miners To Use Modern British Mining Equipment 

Allowed The Country To Increase Revenue As The Tin-Mining Industry Flourished.

-The Duty Of Revenue Collection Was Given To The Resident And His Assistants, The Sultan And His Chiefs Supported This Move As They Were Given Due Compensation

State Revenue Was Increased Due To This

Abolished debt-slavery

Abolishment of debt-slavery helped Perak as no one had to serve anyone or have to be owned by someone else.

Able to influence Chinese miners to use British equipment.

The introduction of better tin-mining methods and encouragement of foreign investment, the tin-mining industry flourished and revenue for Perak also increased

Able to collect revenue (taxes)

Unlike during Birch’s residency, the Sultan and his chiefs supported this move because they were given due compensation. Laws were passed to regulate land use and register land titles. Through the sale of land and collection of taxes, state revenue increased.

1)Courts of Justice were formed with European magistrates who were assisted by Malay magistrates 

2)Perak was divided into districts and each district was sub-divided into villages with their own headmen

3)The village headmen kept the peace, settled minor disputes, reported incidents and helped to collect taxes on land and other revenue

4)The Sultan was the President of the State Council. Other members included the Resident and Assistant Resident, two Malay chiefs, and two non-Malay representatives from the Chinese and British communities.

These reforms were a BOON for Perak as it helped bring peace and order to the country with village headmen maintaining peace in their respective villages while being organised and having a clear government & law system in place with the Courts of Justice.

Sir Hugh Low established the Perak State Council. He ended debt-slavery and established the collection of revenue.

These reforms contributed to the development of Perak as for example proper collection of revenue, prevented overspending and encouraged investment in Perak. In his 12 years in Perak, Low firmly established a peaceful administration. 

•Boon or bane?

His reforms was a boon as it helped Perak become more developed and he ended debt-slavery which was a major accomplishment, as Sir WW James attempted to do these things but failed and was later killed. This proves that Sir Hugh Low impacted Perak in a positive manner.

2) established the Perak State Council comprising the Sultan and the residents as well as Malay, Chinese and British representative (Boon)
- help develop and improve quality of government in Perak. it also help Sir Hugh Low to build good relationships with the different society representative

3) influence chinese miners to use modern british mining equipment (Boon)
- this helped mining tin become more efficient, allowing more tins to be sold, earning more money

Sir Hugh Low was able to establish the Perak State council,abolish debt-slavery and convincing Chinese miners to use British tech.

By abolishing debt-slavery,it helped Perak to become more modernised and no one had to experience human cruelty anymore.By establishing the Perak State council,it comprises of the Sultan as well as the Malays,Chineseans British representatives.This helped to restore peace and order.By convincing Chinese miners to use British tech,the tin mining industry flourished and revenues in Perak also increased.

(Boon)

-Court of Justice ( European magistrates assisted by Malay magistrates)

-able to influence the Chinese miners in Perak to use British equipment 

2.- Collection of revenue has a fair distribution, the British collect the taxes & compensation and give the allowance to the Sultan, this makes Perak more organised. (Boon)

-The courts of justice are formed by the European Magistrates assisted by the Malay Magistrates, this cause the system become more structured and orderly  (Boon)

-convince the Chinese miners to use British technology, the Chinese are able to work more efficiently and leads to a more modernised and humane society (Boon)

In conclusion,the residential system has brought lots of boon to the Perak

2.perak divided into districts and each district was subdivided into villages with their own headmen (BOON) 

3. the village headmen kept the peace, settled minor disputes, reported accidents and helped to collect taxes on land and other revenue (BOON) 

-treaty of saigon

1. SAIGON and 3 surrounding provinces in COCHIN CHINA was ceded to FRANCE

2. FRENCH ships were allowed to sail freely along the MEKONG RIVER 

3. the ports of DA NANG , BA LAT AND QUANG YEN were opened to free trade 

4.the catholicism was officially allowed throughout VIETNAM 

5. VIETNAM was not allowed to cede it’s territory to other Western powers without the permission of FRANCE 

6. VIETNAM was to pay indemnity of 4million silver dollars to FRANCE 

-terms of treaty of HUE 

1. TONKIN AND ANNAM became FRENCH protectorates , hence the whole of VIETNAM became a FRENCH colony

2. VIETNAM foreign relations were to be controlled by FRANCE

3. FRENCH residents were to be appointed in all provinces

4. the red river was open to trade 

5. VIETNAM had to pay a large indemnity to FRANCE.

Similarities:
Vietnam have to pay a sum as a compensation for damages caused to the France.

Differences:
In the treaty of Saigon, Saigon and three other surrounding provinces in Cochin-China were only ceded to France while in the treaty of Hue, as Tonkin and Annam became French protectorates the whole of Vietnam became a French colony.

-treaty of saigon

1. SAIGON and 3 surrounding provinces in COCHIN CHINA was ceded to FRANCE

2. FRENCH ships were allowed to sail freely along the MEKONG RIVER 

3. the ports of DA NANG , BA LAT AND QUANG YEN were opened to free trade 

4.the catholicism was officially allowed throughout VIETNAM 

5. VIETNAM was not allowed to cede it’s territory to other Western powers without the permission of FRANCE 

6. VIETNAM was to pay indemnity of 4million silver dollars to FRANCE 

-terms of treaty of HUE 

1. TONKIN AND ANNAM became FRENCH protectorates , hence the whole of VIETNAM became a FRENCH colony

2. VIETNAMESE foreign relations were to be controlled by FRANCE

3. FRENCH residents were to be appointed in all provinces

4. the red river was open to trade 

5. VIETNAM had to pay a large indemnity to FRANCE 

-1S1D

-athena

Tonkin and Annam became French protectorates?, hence the whole of Vietna-

became a French colony.Vietnam's foreign relations were to be controlled by France.French Residents were to be appointed in all provinces.The Red River was opened to trade. Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France.


Similarity - treaty of Saigon had to pay 4 million silver dollars to French as compensation while the treaty of hue also had to pay a large amount 


Differences - treaty of Saigon let French have partial control over foreign affairs while the treaty of hue gave the French  full control 

-Saigon and three surrounding provinces in Cochin-China were ceded to France
-French ships wee allowed to sail freely along the Mekong River
-Vietnam was not allowed to cede it’s territory to other Western powers without the permission of France

-Tonkin and Annan became French protectorates , hence the whole of Vietnam became a French colony 
-Vietnam’s foreign relation were to be controlled by France 
-Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France

Similar - Vietnam had to pay money to the France

Difference -Control over foreign affairs 
TOS-Partial
TOH-Full

2. French ships were allowed to sail freely along the Mekong River.

3. The ports of Da Nang, Ba Lat and Quang Yen were opened to free trade.

4. Catholicism was officially allowed throughout Vietnam.

5. Vietnam was not allowed to cede its territory to other Western powers without the permission of France.

6. Vietnam was to pay an indemnity of 4 million silver dollars to France.

Treaty of Hue and Harmond protectorate 
1. Tonkin and Annam became French protectorates?, hence the whole of Vie became a French colony.

2. Vietnam's foreign relations were to be controlled by France.

3. French Residents were to be appointed in all provinces.

4. The Red River was opened to trade.

5. Vietnam had to pay a large indemnity to France.

Similarities and differences 
One similarity is they both have to pay money as compensation to the French 
TOS (4 million silver dollars)
TOH (Large amount)

One difference is control over foreign affairs 
Partial control (TOS)
Full control (TOH)