https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y Made with a wink and a smile en-us 2021-09-27 18:18:57 UTC 2025-05-30 19:07:42 UTC hello@padlet.com mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1777830907 Two or more parts working together to do something (perform a function/do a job). Systems have inputs and outputs (function).
Example: bicycle
Non-example: pile of sand

]]> 2021-09-29 12:34:07 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1777830907 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1777831448 Energy causes objects or materials to change, move, or work.
Examples include kinetic energy and potential energy.
A non-example is a rock, or a vacuum.]]> 2021-09-29 12:34:19 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1777831448 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1800352434 The motion of objects, particles, or waves.
Example: moving roller coaster train, a gust of wind, heat, sound, light, electricity.
Non-example: potential energy]]> 2021-10-07 16:14:19 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1800352434 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1800355437 Energy that is stored, or hasn't happened/moved yet
Examples: G.P.E. (gravitational potential energy), chemical, elastic, nuclear.
Non-examples: kinetic energy]]> 2021-10-07 16:15:27 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1800355437 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1814999210 When energy moves from on place or thing to another.

Example: 
-Heat energy moves from a campfire, to the pot, to the water, making it boil.
-Sound energy moves from a guitar to my ears :-)

Non-examples: Energy transformation.]]> 2021-10-13 19:36:10 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1814999210 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1815007182 When energy changes from one form to another form (or forms).

Example: Electrical energy changes into light, sound, and a little bit of heat when I turn on my TV.

Non-examples: 
-Energy transfer
-Sound energy moving from a speaker to my ear (still sound energy, it hasn't changed form)]]> 2021-10-13 19:40:16 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1815007182 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1891861952 When plants and other organisms transform light energy from the sun into food (chemical energy - glucose!).

This occurs inside the chloroplasts in plant cells. The chlorophyll absorbs the light.]]> 2021-11-15 17:07:07 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1891861952 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1891862383 The specialized cells on the underside of leaves that take in CO2 and release O2 and water vapor.

We saw this in our stomate lab. "Stoma: is Greek for "mouth."]]> 2021-11-15 17:07:18 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1891862383 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1891862759 The vein inside plants that carries water up from the roots to the leaves for photosynthesis.

We saw this in the celery lab (the bits that turned reddish/pink from the red water).

The xylem is narrow and uses capillary action to carry water up against gravity.]]> 2021-11-15 17:07:28 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1891862759 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1906140211 The vein inside plants that carries the food (glucose) from the leaves back down to the roots. 

This was the white parts of the celery.]]> 2021-11-22 13:53:45 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1906140211 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1974522173 The range of light energy that travels in waves or particles.

Examples: Radio waves, visible light, heat, X-Rays

]]> 2022-01-04 15:57:16 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1974522173 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1974526035 A device that transforms chemical potential energy into electrical energy, or electricity.

Examples: Our battery lab (salt, water, and hydrogen peroxide powered our motor!), triple AAA, double AA, D Cell, lithium-ion batteries, a potato battery!]]> 2022-01-04 15:58:54 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1974526035 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1974529585 A device that transforms electrical energy into MOTION (hence, MOTOR!)

Examples: Our lab with the copper coil! Motors in cars, fans, planes, heaters, etc. 

All motors require an electromagnet (copper coils to conduct electricity, AND magnets).]]> 2022-01-04 16:00:26 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1974529585 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1974532593 A device that transforms motion into electrical energy. 

Examples: Our lab! (Spinning the motor to turn on the tiny LED light bulb), back-up generators in homes and buildings, generators in POWER PLANTS.]]> 2022-01-04 16:01:38 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/1974532593 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2013957694 An energy source that can be used again and again (is unlimited), and therefore won't run out.

Examples: Hydro power, tidal power, solar, wind, geothermal, biomass]]> 2022-01-26 16:30:39 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2013957694 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2013960249 An energy source that can only be once, is limited, and will eventually run out.

Examples: Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas), nuclear (uranium)]]> 2022-01-26 16:31:39 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2013960249 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2037757813 When something uses less energy to provide the same service (or, a high percentage of the original source or energy is transformed into the desired form(s) of energy).

Examples: The LED light bulb was the most efficient light bulb we tested (used the least amount of electricity, was bright, but also emitted the least heat, so MOST of the energy was transforming into the desired light energy).

Non-examples: The incandescent light bulb. Also, the efficiency rate of most gasoline-powered cars is about 30%. A fireplace heating up a home is about 10% efficient. These are not very energy efficient. ]]> 2022-02-09 12:30:07 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2037757813 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2037763056 When heat transfers, or moves, between two solids by direct contact. Heat likes to move from high heat to low heat, eventually evening itself out.

Examples: Touching a warm cup of cocoa (heat conducts from the cocoa, to the cup, to your hands). Wearing a mitten (heat conducts from your body, to the inside of the mitten, insulating your hand). ]]> 2022-02-09 12:33:18 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2037763056 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2037772020 When heat transfers, or moves, through gases or liquids, usually in a current (or circle).

Examples: Boiling pot of water, heat rising in a house or building, then sinking again. Our burping bottles. 

Bigger scale examples: ocean currents, air currents, convection currents inside EARTH!]]> 2022-02-09 12:38:06 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2037772020 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2037774718 When heat transfers, or moves, through empty space via electromagnetic waves. (It transfers without touching anything).

Examples: Radiators in a home, radiant heat from a light bulb, radiant heat from the sun, radiant heat from a fireplace. ]]> 2022-02-09 12:39:49 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2037774718 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2049130847 Materials that allow for energy (heat, electricity) to pass through easily.

Examples: Metals, water

Non-examples: Insulators (wood, glass, plastic, rubber, air pockets...)]]> 2022-02-15 17:30:33 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2049130847 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2049133858 Materials that slow down the transfer of energy (heat, electricity).

Examples: Wood, glass, plastic (think around wires!), air pockets, house insulation (fiberglass).

Non-examples: Conductors]]> 2022-02-15 17:31:45 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2049133858 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2084712109 Energy is neither created nor destroyed, just transferred and transformed. 

Examples: Lighting a marshmallow, Rube Goldberg machine video, bowling ball pendulum video]]> 2022-03-08 19:29:37 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2084712109 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2100658579 A community of living things (organisms/biotic factors) that interact with each other and their environment (abiotic factors).

Examples: forest, river, desert, intertidal zone, coral reef, tundra, alpine (top of mountain), wetland, tropical rainforest...]]> 2022-03-17 18:59:01 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2100658579 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2100658681 An organism that produces its own food/gets its own energy (a.k.a. performs photosynthesis or chemosynthesis). Also known as autotrophs ("self" and "energy"). These organisms are the foundation of the food chain/energy pyramid of the ecosystems in which they live.

Examples: Grass, trees, moss, shrubs, algae (all plants), some bacteria]]> 2022-03-17 18:59:06 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2100658681 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2100658829 An organism that gets its energy by eating another organism. Consumers include herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and scavengers.

Examples: Humans, dogs, cats, insects, birds, etc.]]> 2022-03-17 18:59:12 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2100658829 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2100658916 An organism that gets energy from breaking down waste and dead organisms.

Examples: The fungi kingdom (mushrooms, mold), some bacteria (especially in soil and water).]]> 2022-03-17 18:59:17 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2100658916 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2100659053 In ecology (ecosystem science), the way that energy flows up the food chain, or energy pyramid, follows the 10% Rule: Only 10% of the energy from the living thing being eaten is transferred to the eater. The rest (90%) is "lost" to the environment as heat each step. This is why the energy pyramid is a pyramid shape (energy is greatest in amount at the bottom to provide a foundation for the ecosystem, and gets smaller by the top level).

Example: Our root beer lab demo.

]]> 2022-03-17 18:59:23 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2100659053 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2123402824 A disruption to an ecosystem that is usually from the top of the pyramid down.

Example: The elimination then return of the Yellowstone wolves.]]> 2022-03-31 11:40:49 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2123402824 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2123403100 Any abiotic (non-living) or biotic (living) thing that limits a population in an ecosystem.

Examples: water, energy (food, sun), air (O2, CO2), space, disease, predation, competition, weather, climate...]]> 2022-03-31 11:41:01 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2123403100 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2123403263 The maximum amount of a population that an ecosystem can support (NOT just fit). 

Examples: Panther hunt = 21 panthers, Oh Deer = 18 deer, overflowing fishbowl ...]]> 2022-03-31 11:41:08 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2123403263 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2131158506 A type of symbiosis (close short or long-term relationship between two species) where both species benefit.

Examples: Clown fish and sea anemone (sometimes), croc and plover, shark and remora, mites and carrion beetles]]> 2022-04-05 17:37:24 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2131158506 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2131158710 A type of symbiosis (a close short or long-term relationship between two species) where one species benefits while the other is unaffected.

Examples: Barnacles and whale, clown fish and sea anemone (sometimes), Monarch butterfly and milkweed plant]]> 2022-04-05 17:37:31 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2131158710 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2131158886 A type of symbiosis (a close short or long-term relationship between two species) where one species benefits while the other is hurt or harmed.

Examples: Tick on dog/deer, fleas, lice, heartworm in dog, tapeworms, some plants, fungus]]> 2022-04-05 17:37:37 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2131158886 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2164199487 Chemical potential energy sources that are made from the compressed remains of ancient organisms deep inside Earth's crust. Humans extract/dig/drill/mine for these and burn/combust them for many energy needs (electricity generation in power plants, heating homes and buildings, fuel for transportation, plastic production...)

Examples: Coal, oil (petroleum), natural gas. Less common is peat.

Non-Examples: Any renewable source of energy like wind, hydro, solar..]]> 2022-04-29 12:21:44 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2164199487 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2164208254 Gases in our atmosphere trap some heat from the sun, just like the glass window panes of a greenhouse, which makes it warm enough for life to survive. The recent increase in carbon-based greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels and deforestation have increased the amount of heat that is trapped, which is leading to global warming and changing the climate.

Greenhouse gases include CO2, CH4 (methane), NO2 (nitrogen oxide), and water vapor. ]]> 2022-04-29 12:29:10 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2164208254 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2164210386 A process all living things do in their cells to release energy from the breakdown of molecules using oxygen gas. This occurs in the mitochondria of cells, and is crucial for consumers like us to be able to get energy from our food. 

Examples: Bromothymol blue demo
Non-Examples: Photosynthesis (it is the opposite reaction!)]]> 2022-04-29 12:30:58 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2164210386 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2171876510 Compounds in ALL living things that are made of C, H, O and N.

Examples: Amino acids are made of proteins, DNA is made of proteins. Other famous proteins include hemoglobin (helps with transport of materials in our bloodstream), insulin (helps blood sugar get to other cells), enzymes that help with digestion, and antibodies that help our immune defense.

Non-examples: Carbohydrates, lipids (fats)]]> 2022-05-05 18:10:21 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2171876510 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2171876856 A process that changes N2 gas into usable compounds for life.

Examples include:
-bacteria in the roots of legume plants
-bacteria in oceans
-lightning strikes in the atmosphere

Non-examples: Photosynthesis, denitrification ]]> 2022-05-05 18:10:36 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2171876856 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2171877216 A process that changes N compounds in the soil and oceans back to N2 gas.

Examples: Denitrifying bacteria in soils, denitrifying bacteria in oceans]]> 2022-05-05 18:10:44 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2171877216 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178297552 When water molecules cool down/slow down and change from vapor/gas form to liquid form.

Examples: Cloud formation, water droplets on a cold soda can on a hot day.

Non-example: Evaporation (the opposite!)]]> 2022-05-10 20:49:18 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178297552 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178297631 When water molecules are heated up/move faster and change from liquid form to gas or vapor form.

Examples: Puddles drying up after a rainstorm, hot steam rising from a boiling pot of water

Non-examples: Condensation (the opposite!)]]> 2022-05-10 20:49:24 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178297631 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178297707 When water in clouds becomes  too heavy and falls because of gravity.Typically, when precipitation lands on Earth's landforms, it continues to runoff based on the topography of that area.

Examples: Rain, sleet, snow, hail


]]> 2022-05-10 20:49:29 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178297707 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178297960 When extra water molecules in a plant evaporate into the air through the stomata of its leaves (helping the capillary action in the xylem below!)

Examples: Water vapor en masse from forests]]> 2022-05-10 20:49:44 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178297960 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178298205 Water in all of its forms that is found within soil or the bedrock below. Water infiltrates (enters) the land via precipitation, and percolates (drips down) into reservoirs like aquifers (regional ones pictured above).]]> 2022-05-10 20:49:59 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178298205 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178298355 The amount of matter in the universe since it began is constant - it is neither created or destroyed, it is simply rearranged as it is recycled. 

Examples: Our cycles of matter! (Carbon, Nitrogen, water!)]]> 2022-05-10 20:50:09 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178298355 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178298886 Also known as a drainage basin, a watershed is how the shape of the land dictates where precipitation (or snow/ice melt) runs off or pools.]]> 2022-05-10 20:50:41 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2178298886 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2187497968 A term that describes when precipitation, or snow/ice melt is pulled downhill, typically pooling in bigger bodies of water, due to gravity. ]]> 2022-05-17 12:17:59 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2187497968 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2205945061 The process by which flowering plants rely on wind and pollinators (insects, birds, mammals) to help plants reproduce. Seeds grow inside of protective fruits and have the potential to grow into new plants. 

Examples: Apple blossoms to apples, strawberry blossoms to strawberries, pumpkin seeds to pumpkins. 

Non-example: Vegetative reproduction like budding or growing plants from clippings.

]]> 2022-05-31 11:43:33 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2205945061 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2205945144 The number of different living things in an area or ecosystem. 

Examples: Tropical rainforests have high biodiversity, for example.

Non-example: One species]]> 2022-05-31 11:43:39 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2205945144 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2205945276 The change in the structure and make-up of an ecological community over time. Typically, ecosystems change after an event.

Examples: Our un-mowed Oak Hill fields discussion (field turns into forest). An ecosystem recovering after a wildfire, flood, or other natural disaster.

Non-examples: Seasonal changes (this is over a longer time period than just typical season changes).]]> 2022-05-31 11:43:46 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2205945276 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2212575319 When rocks, land, and landforms are broken down by water (precipitation, surface runoff, freeze/thaw cycles in areas that experience seasons, ocean waves), wind, chemicals (oxidation, acid rain), or living things (plant roots, lichen, animals walking or burrowing). 

Examples: Rust, cracks in pavement, worn down stone steps, rock formations with holes in them.]]> 2022-06-06 18:51:50 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2212575319 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2212575389 When bits of rocks, land, and landforms are carried away due to water (surface runoff, natural disasters, gravity) or wind.

Examples: Canyons, landslides, smooth rocks on a shore, sea stacks, have all been eroded away.]]> 2022-06-06 18:51:54 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2212575389 mccormickc17 https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2212575481 When the bits of rocks, land, sediments, soil land, or deposit somewhere new.

Examples: Deltas of rivers, the bottom of a landslide, a glacial erratic (boulder left behind by a long gone glacier), a sand dune.]]> 2022-06-06 18:51:58 UTC https://padlet.com/mccormickc17/8647oeu8ezanze1y/wish/2212575481