https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk Maureen Haffey and Maria Rivell en-us 2018-10-31 02:13:21 UTC 2023-05-19 13:01:04 UTC hello@padlet.com maureenhaffey1 https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/298818541 In June of 1966, this march was led by James Meredith. It was intended to be a walk along Route 51 from Memphis, Tennessee to Jackson, Mississippi. The purpose of this walk was to promote black voter registration and put an to end racism. Meredith was shot by an unknown person on just the second day of the march. Although this was scary to the participants, that didn't stop them. The walk went on for three more weeks, and Meredith recovered and was able to rejoin just before it concluded in Jackson. Because the March Against Fear is known as the turning point of the civil rights movement, it is one of the most important events that occurred during this time. This event encouraged many black people to fight for their rights, and therefore helped start the idea of "Black Power. One very major thing that occurred during this event was that the person who shot James Meredith was the first white person to go to prison for a black mean, which was a big deal to the Civil Rights activists. MLK and Stokley Carmichael also participated in the march. Because they were 2 very big important figures for Civil Rights, people saw this as a very big event. ]]> 2018-10-31 02:25:08 UTC https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/298818541 maureenhaffey1 https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/298822560  On August 28, 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. gave a speech at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. In his speech, he expressed that his dream for America was that one day, people of all races would be equal. Eventually, black and white people would be able to walk hand in hand together. This speech was important because it brought more attention to the Civil Rights Movement, because more than 250,000 people gathered to hear this speech as part of the March on Washington. The speech was strategically given in front of the Lincoln Memorial. This is because Abraham Lincoln was the president who issued the Emancipation Proclamation to end slavery. MLK wanted to show how hard life was for African Americans during that time, and how some things were still the same as they were 100 years before. Overall, the speech brought the struggle for Civil Rights into focus. Although not everyone was engaged in the Civil Rights movement, he made everyone (even those not engaged) realize that they were going to fight for their rights until they finally got them. This became known as MLK's most famous speech, and it had such a large impact on the Civil Rights movement that it is widely known and still talked about as one of the biggest events during this time. ]]> 2018-10-31 02:53:45 UTC https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/298822560 mariarivell10 https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/298923078 On November 22, 1963 President John F. Kennedy and his wife, Jacqueline traveled to Dallas, Texas to speak at a luncheon at Trade Mart. Governor John Connally and his wife, Nellie, drove with them in an open car with Vice President and Mrs. Johnson following behind. Hundreds of people gathered the streets to cheer on the Kennedys. At 12:30pm JFK was shot in the head and the governor in the back when they passed the Texas School Book Depositary. The President was rushed to the Parkland Memorial Hospital where he passed away and was later flown to the White House for a ceremony. He was buried in the Arlington National Cemetery and several hours later V.P. Johnson was sworn into presidency. This was important because President Lyndon Johnson continued the ideas of JFK, and his big idea known as the "Great Society." In a speech that Kennedy gave in June of 1963, he proposed legislation that would later become the Civil Rights Act of 1964. As mentioned, because Johnson continued most of JFK's ideas, he also pushed for the passage of this Civil Rights Act. Although most people believed that because JFK passed away, most of his ideas would not be fulfilled, this was not the case. Although Johnson did come up with ideas of his own, he pushed to finish JFK's ideas, ultimately getting the Civil Rights Act passed.
The photo below is JFK in his limousine, just moments before he was shot. ]]> 2018-10-31 12:14:53 UTC https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/298923078 maureenhaffey1 https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299089773 In 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white man on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama. She was convicted of violating segregation laws because of her refusal. Because of this, leaders of the black community decided to take a stand. They organized a bus boycott starting the day of her conviction, and this boycott lasted more than a year. The boycott did not end until the Supreme Court ruled bus segregation as unconstitutional. After this, Rosa Parks became nationally recognized as a person of dignity and strength. By refusing to give up her seat, Parks helped to first initiate the Civil Rights Movement in the U.S. Also, her refusal led to the boycotts which ultimately led to the end of segregation in buses. Without Rosa Parks, this segregation may not have ended, because it took her bravery to encourage others to fight this segregation. Also, the Civil Rights movement might have not been initiated when it was, because it is said that she first initiated it with this event.]]> 2018-10-31 17:10:28 UTC https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299089773 mariarivell10 https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299091884 In the 1960s, African American Civil Rights Activists, Martin Luther King Jr. and James Farmer adopted Gandhi's tactic of nonviolence protests. African Americans would sit down and order food in segregated restaurants, although they were refused service. They wouldn't move until the police came to arrest them. This was called 'sit ins' and lead to the creation of  SNCC—the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. Freedom Riders tried to integrate segregated buses in the South by refusing to give their seats up to white citizens. They also used 'whites only' restaurants and lunch counters. In 1961, the government forced bus and train stations to finally integrate. MLK and Farmer's strategy of using nonviolence protests helped integrate African Americans into a mainly 'white society'. If they had been violent many more people would have died and steps would not have been taken to improve Civil Rights for African Americans. Although many people were brutally abused and faced angry mobs, their difficult fight helped the government change its laws to protect them. ]]> 2018-10-31 17:14:38 UTC https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299091884 maureenhaffey1 https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299095138 2018-10-31 17:20:34 UTC https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299095138 maureenhaffey1 https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299112247 In the 1950's, Thurgood Marshall and the NAACP took a case to the Supreme Court of Topeka, Kansas. This case was known as Brown v the Board of Education, and the purpose was to determine wether or not racial segregation in schools was unconstitutional. This case caused much argument within the court. The court used research that explained that segregation in these schools made black children feel inferior. Therefore, this violated the Constitution's guarantee of equal protection under the law. This court case was important because it was the case that was the first step to ending racial segregation in schools. Although, segregation in Southern Schools didn't end until the late 1960's. The court voted unanimously to stop this segregation. Although the decision only affected public schools at the time, it implied that segregation was unconstitutional everywhere else, which made people want to continue to put an end to segregation everywhere. Therefore, this court decision paved the way to eventually end segregation in not only schools, but all public areas. ]]> 2018-10-31 17:50:00 UTC https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299112247 maureenhaffey1 https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299119694 2018-10-31 18:03:18 UTC https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299119694 maureenhaffey1 https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299120552 2018-10-31 18:04:58 UTC https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299120552 maureenhaffey1 https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299123775 After the Brown v Board decision, schools began to prepare their schools for integration while others were highly against it. In 1957, in Little Rock, Arkansas, nine African American students tried to attend Little Rock's Central High School. Governor Orval Faubus ordered the Arkansas National Guard to keep them out due to white extremists' threats. On the first day of school, a crowd of angry white citizens harassed the students as they tried to enter the building. Soldiers turned the harassers away and allowed the students to go to school. This occurred for three weeks. On September 24, President Eisenhower announced that he was sending federal troops to Little Rock. The purpose of this was to protect those nine students, known as the Little Rock Nine. These students were empowered by the African Americans who came before them, and wanted to fight for their rights as many people had before. These brave students helped other African Americans begin to fights for their educational rights and attend all white schools. If they hadn't continued to go to school and ignore the harassment to the best of their abilities, these other African Americans would not have found the strength to do the same.  ]]> 2018-10-31 18:10:50 UTC https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299123775 maureenhaffey1 https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299134857 2018-10-31 18:32:34 UTC https://padlet.com/maureenhaffey1/83ch4dofc3uk/wish/299134857