The Great Mahele was able to influence the overthrow of Hawaii by removing Hawaiians from their land. The Mahele had good intentions for the people but was led astray by complications. Only around 1% of Hawaii's land was able to be given to Native Hawaiians. Forced off fields and homes, many were only able to work as unpaid labor. The people were no longer in charge of their land.

The secret annexation effort with the US may have been a culprit in influencing the eventual overthrow. The effort provided people with reasons as to why it would be beneficial to annex Hawaii. It may have also allowed the US the idea that annexing Hawaii would be useful. For example, U.S. Secretary of State, William Marcy, describes in a secret letter the adverse effect that allowing Hawaii to fall to another nation could be. He also explains that he does not trust the island's current rulers to protect or provide adequately for Hawaii.

The Reciprocity Treaty gave ideas to people that annexing Hawaii would be beneficial. Its benefits could be translated to money, or profit. It also gave the chance for the US to contemplate Pearl Harbor. It's usefulness in military and commercial use was not to be ignored. While many were advocating for annexation at this time, it was deemed that Hawaii should be taken over with the consent of the people.

Pearl Harbor especially proved a great advantage. To scout the usefulness of it, the US sent in two men, Major General John Schofield and Brigadier General B.S. Alexander. They wrote the Schofield Report. In the Schofield Report, the harbor was deemed as a very important piece of land. It emphasized both the military and commercial benefits, and recommended the US take it into consideration. This may have been a turning point into convincing the US that Hawaii was a necessary land to be conquered.

The updated Reciprocity Treaty allowed goods from Hawaii to be shipped to the US without tariffs. However, it was able to establish control over the Hawaiian Islands, leading the US a step closer to the annexation of Hawaii. The treaty provided a large economic effect on both the US and Hawaii. It was so effective it could be claimed that Hawaii had already become an American colony. However, the economic gain may have convinced others the islands contained materials necessary to reap.

They deemed themselves as a “morally righteous group,” and advocated for better government in the beginning. However, they soon changed ideals, advocating for Caucasian rights and the restriction of Native Hawaiian rights. The Hawaiian League was led by Lorrin Thurston, a lawyer, a legislator, a newspaperman, and a missionary descendant. Thurston was inspired by the French Revolution's overthrow of the king.

The Hawaiian League amassed a large amount of followers around six months after their initiation. Over four hundred people believed that the Hawaiian League was the correct way to deal with Hawaii's government. They wanted more Caucasian rights, and to diminish the Native Hawaiians' ones. Lorrin Thurston believed that once the Hawaiian government was toppled, the US could finally take over. His ideals could have influenced others in the League, which may have allowed ideas of how best to fall the government to stir.

The Bayonet Constitution stripped the monarchy of the majority of its power. It forced King Kalakaua to sign every bill and resolution, establish property and income requirements, required voters to sign oaths, and extended the ability to vote to all men, excluding anyone born in Asia. Obvious attempts to prevent Native Hawaiians and Asians to vote was made in the constitution. For example, since most Native Hawaiians no longer had any land, they would likely be excluded from the voting process. Kalakaua was also forced to have a cabinet entirely of League members, which did not allow him to run the government at all.

John Stevens, and his goal to annex Hawaii, was likely a large factor in overthrowing the islands. In letters where he criticized Kalakaua, likely brewed distrust and even hatred for the monarch. Claiming Kalakaua to be a parasite hungering for England's money would not help how U.S. Secretary of State Blaine viewed the Hawaiian government. Stevens also claimed that to ignore Hawaii would be an irreversible blunder. He did not want Britain to be able to gain control of the islands, and pressured Blaine to agree to annexation.

The establishment of the Annexation club, and the support it received, was troublesome to Hawaii and its monarchy. The Annexation Club finds support in the White House through Navy Secretary Tracy. His meeting with Tracy gives Lorrin Thurston gets the idea of using force to remove Queen Liliuokalani. In a letter from US diplomat Stevens, it's stated that the monarchy is only an obstacle to be rid of in order to hold a good government. In fact, he says that the monarchy blocks the islands' prosperity and progress.

The Committee of Safety, with a majority of its members from the Annexation Club, only wanted to see the Hawaiian government fall. They had gotten support from Minister Stevens, who pledged to provide military support when the Committee needed it. US troops arrived in Hawaii on the 16th, showing the Queen that she did not have the power to fight back. Her military force was too weak. When Sanford Dole agreed to lead the Committee of Safety, it may have prompted many of his supporters to be on his side.

The new Provisional Government, the Committee of Safety, provided them with the authority to accuse Queen Liliuokalani of treason for drafting a new constitution. The Committee of Safety forced her to resign. The Queen did, to prevent violence and loss of life. The overthrow of the Queen proved to be one of the last bits of independence Hawaii could have. The last step would be to annex the islands.

With the Joint Congressional Resolution, Hawaii was no longer an independent nation, governed by its monarchy. By the time the resolution, a majority vote, was spawned, many people did not know the questionable history of Hawaii's overthrow. The Ku'ue Petition, a mass petition signed by a majority of Native Hawaiians, organized by island and district, then man and woman, against the annexation of Hawaii, was overpowered by the number of residents living on the islands. There weren't enough people against annexation to fight it.