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      <title>EDUC 159: Inclusive Collections  by Wincy Cheuk</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2</link>
      <description>By: Lauren, Wincy, Cheryl, Khushi </description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2023-10-02 19:21:14 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Article (Right From the Start: Advancing Gender Equality Through Early Childhood Education)            - Analysis by Lauren </title>
         <author>wincy1997wc</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729174234</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>There is constantly a new battle for children to navigate their path and place of acceptance in the world. Currently one of the biggest challenges for children is gender and identity transformative. Early childhood education can significantly change children's lives by addressing gender inequality in their earliest years. Children begin to understand their gender by the time they are toddlers, and by primary school, they have developed an understanding of their expected behavior and value in our society. What toys are presented to them, how they are spoken to and what future professional goals are set, are all influenced by the child’s gender. However, gender parity in Early Childhood Education is fundamental in changing these stereotypes. By providing opportunities for both boys and girls to explore, interact and engage in activities that are open to either gender we as early educators lead the way to providing experiences in the classroom that are not gender specific and therefore, lead to the possibility of gender equality and potential. The young child learns from their experiences and what they have observed. So by providing classroom experiences that cater to opportunities and invitations to all, we as educators are being proactive in leading the way to show young children of any gender they are invited to choose their area of interest, explore their destiny and investigate their ability as people and not be limited gender specific norms or stereotypes. The Early Childhood Educators’ goal to form an openness and understanding of various genders will serve to support all children.<br>To reinforce this goal, there needs to be an ECE system that serves to adopt a gender transformative, curriculum and pedagogy openness, non-gender specific play materials, teacher training on how to be openminded to different gender types, and parental engagement programs on how to support your child during their experimental times. The government can work together as partners with educators including in the pre-primary stage, toward creating structures that are equal to all. One such program would be the UNICEF Build to Last framework. By changing these stereotypes in early childhood, the issue of gender inequality leads to the development of children of all genders to expand their abilities and reach their potential as people.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-02 19:24:51 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Article: How Do Children Benefit From Inclusion? - Analysis by Lauren   </title>
         <author>wincy1997wc</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729179294</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>By modeling and promoting inclusion at an early age we as educators, facilators and staff members are laying the foundation for a successful upbringing. Young<br>children who learn at a young age that as people we do not all look or act the same; learn to be more accepting of differences among each othr. By being exposed early<br>to children with limitations, the typical child begins to show signs of social emotional growth. The typical child is given the opportunity to develop empathy, sensitivity<br>and helpfulness to others, while supporting needs and welcoming a more diverse group of people into their world. Inclusion at an early age also benefits the special<br>needs child. Expected behaviors are demonstrated and reinforced, fundamental skills including communication are modeled and reinforced, while social and emotional<br>connections are being created with peers. At an early age strategies, support and assistance are being implemented in a way that allows the special needs child to function<br>more successfully in an inclusive environment supported by others.The benefits are reciprocal as both the special needs child and typical child demonstrate intellectual<br>and social-emotional growth while learning to be inclusive of all types of people. When inclusion begins during the preschool years it is effectively laying the<br>foundation for acceptance and equality. A child who does not have this exposure at an early age, is less likely to have that level of comfort accepting and including<br>others with differences or limitations. Therefore, the young soul learns to be more forgiving while showing and promoting compassion to all types of people in our<br>schools.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-02 19:28:56 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729179294</guid>
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         <title>Book (Inclusion: The Next Generation in Child Care in Canada) - Analysis by Khushi </title>
         <author>wincy1997wc</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729190105</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>As more children with special needs are included in community child care settings, the relationship between overall program quality and inclusion quality in child care becomes increasingly critical. Whether one views effective inclusion as an optional add-on to high quality programs or as a more recently recognized dimension of high quality child<br>care, the two concepts are inextricably linked. High quality programs are important for all children. And children with special needs most certainly benefit much more in programs that not only provide opportunities for social interactions with others, but also afford them opportunities to develop their skills and abilities in stable, well-run programs that are attentive to their needs and to their parents' concerns.<br><br>Inclusion: The Next Generation continues a program of research on inclusive child care which was begun by Sharon Hope Irwin in 1990 and now involves Professors Donna Lero and Kathleen Brophy from the University of Guelph. Our earlier research (A matter of urgency: including children with special needs in child care in Canada, 2000) identified what centre directors, front-line teaching staff, and travelling resource consultants perceived to be important factors for successful inclusion. That research led to the development of theoretical models of virtuous and discouraging cycles. Our current work both deepens and extends that research.<br><br>This report presents findings from our two most recent studies of inclusive child care in Canada. Study 1 is based on further analysis of the data collected from centre directors and teaching staff and explores the role of centre directors as inclusion leaders. Study 2 is based on new data collected from 32 centres in four provinces. Questionnaires, interviews and observations were used to determine the importance of centre quality and other resources within centres  particularly human resources - that affect inclusion<br>quality. The nature of resources and support provided to centres was explored in some detail, and two models for supporting inclusive programs were compared. The results of these two studies have important implications for policy, research, and practice aimed at ensuring that all centres have the capacity to offer high quality, inclusive care.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-02 19:37:54 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729190105</guid>
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         <title>Book (Inclusion Quality: Children with Disabilities in Early Learning and Child Care in Canada) - Analysis by Khushi</title>
         <author>wincy1997wc</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729196157</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This book, Inclusion Quality, is an urgent report about where Canada is today with respect to the inclusion of children with disabilities in early learning and child care. While the federal government’s current Multilateral Framework<br>on Early Learning and Child Care addresses many factors essential to the development of a strong national system of early learning and child care in Canada, it does not focus sufficiently on inclusion quality for children with<br>disabilities. Without this focus, these children, and their families, will get left behind. Inclusion Quality presents a thoughtful analysis of the recent work of SpeciaLink—the results of observations using the SpeciaLink Early<br>Childhood Inclusion Quality Scale, in over 65 early learning and child care centres across Canada, and provides essential recommendations toward improving the quality of care for children with disabilities. This research study is one<br>compo-net in a larger project designed to improve inclusion quality in early learning and childcare programs across Canada. The specific objectives of the study were: To assess levels of program quality and inclusion quality in a<br>sample inclusive program; To examine whether there are gaps in the quality of programs available for children with disabilities by comparing scores on pro-gram quality and inclusion quality across the sample and within individual<br>centres; To examine the relationship between program quality and inclusion quality — specifically whether high program quality is necessary and/or sufficient condiction for inclusion quality and whether there is a program quality<br>threshold that is required for high inclusion quality</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-02 19:42:56 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729196157</guid>
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         <title>Inclusion and Early Years of Education -                            Analysis by Wincy</title>
         <author>wincy1997wc</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729200435</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>According to the pedagogy of listening in the article that we have read,<em> “Teaching Through an Ethics of Belonging, Care and Obligation as a Critical Approach to Transforming Education”</em>, it is important to use the concept of “belonging” to create an inclusive learning environment. In the video "Building a Belonging Classroom", it talks about how in schools, children need a sense of belonging to be able to learn to feel connected as well as respected with other students and their teachers. Students’ feelings of school belonging can positively impact on their identity development. Even though there are many culturally and linguistically diverse students, this teaches them to be socially connected with one another and understanding the importance of respecting “otherness, differences, connectedness and [making] relationships” that exists in schools (Bernadette, 2012, p.172). In another video, the lyrics of the song celebrates the idea that schools and/ or communities should come together because every children belongs and is accepted to be a part of one.&nbsp;</div><div>Early childhood is the ideal time to begin emphazing the importance of diversity, equity and inclusion for young children. It is our role as early childhood educators to guide and help young children begin at an early age to recognize the differences in genders and cultural backgrounds. By doing so, we enhance “radical dialogue” within the classrooms in a shared learning space and community (Bernadette, 2012, p. 174). In the video, it mentions that it is&nbsp; important for educators to implement activities or assignments where children learn to find their own voice and share their stories, for example, their religion, culture (i.e., food, music, celebrations, language), ethnicity, and gender. By that, young children will start to notice how to develop diverse ways to communicate and how to be heard by expressing themselves to others, while valuing other people’s perspectives around them.<br><br></div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;   References<br>Bernadette Christine Macartney (2012): Teaching through an ethics of belonging, care and obligation as a critical approach to transforming education, International Journal of Inclusive Education, 16:2, 171-183&nbsp;<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-02 19:47:00 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729200435</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>wincy1997wc</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729202329</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xiygQUPfCGI" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-02 19:48:37 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729202329</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>wincy1997wc</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729202874</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q6niuYToam4" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-02 19:49:09 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729202874</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Promoting Gender Equality in a Classroom - Analysis by Wincy</title>
         <author>wincy1997wc</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729206689</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>We live in a society which has individuals follow the gender expectations, behaviours, norms, and roles of culture and socialization which has been built in our minds when we are born (Sensory &amp; DiAngelo, 2017, p. 62). In gender socialization, children learn the appropriate way to behave, how one should look, and act for their gender. For instance, these are some of the male attributes (i.e., strong, aggressive and competitive), while these are some of the female attributes (i.e.,be gentle, dependent and nurturing). The video mentioned how teachers see children in terms of their genders and stereotypical assumptions about them. For example, Cindy is a girl who must be very quiet and loves English, while Aidan is a boy so he must love sports and enjoy learning Math and Science.</div><div>Early childhood is an essential period for young children to learn to see themselves in the world based on what the gendered norms, attitudes and expectations of their family, community and society have given to them. Educators play a dominant role in contesting gender norms and promoting inclusion and diversity in their classrooms. It is important to create an inclusive and equitable learning space, so that all students feel equally valued and supported, regardless of their gender identity or expression. Teachers should avoid using gendered language or stereotypes in the classroom. Instead, educators should try to create open opportunities for all students to participate in all activities and subjects. In the video, it has positively reinforced the idea of how all genders can succeed in subjects like Math, Science, Art, and Physical Activity. In order for educators to create an inclusive learning space, one way is to present diverse books, movies, videos and resources which represents all gender identities and expressions (i.e., Cisgender, Transgender, Queer). Lastly, educators can provide opportunities for open-ended discussions on questions about gender and identity which can promote respectful communication and understanding among a mixed group(s) of students (Sensory &amp; DiAngelo, 2017, p. 34). It is the goal for educators to teach young children from an early age how to create a more equitable society where everyone ignores gender norms and stereotypes to be able to promote inclusivity. Teachers, educators, children, and students all play a significant role toward gender equality in schools.</div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;References <br>Sensoy, O., &amp; DiAngelo, R. (2017). <em>Is everyone really equal?: An introduction to key concepts in social justice education</em>. Teachers College Press.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-02 19:52:44 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title></title>
         <author>wincy1997wc</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729208794</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JKHAmvcHSPk&amp;t=236s" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-02 19:54:43 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Mateo&#39;s story: A lesson in inclusion we can all learn from - Analysis by Cheryl</title>
         <author>cherylperpose</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729301343</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This is based on a true story about a child named Mateo and how he received an early intervention for his hearing disability. At a young age, his teachers brought to light about the things they noticed in his behaviour during class. Such aspects they observed and were able to pick up on that seemed different, they detected how there were delays he had compared to other children in his class. They decided to get a diagnosis of his situation and took the liberty to reach out to MURID (Medjimurje Association For Early Childhood Intervention) to create the best steps to help Mateo. Some methods included creating workshops and doing visual communication with him, such as using pictures. The teachers made an effort to explain to his classmates how they could play and talk to him as well. Their duty was to ensure that Mateo wasn’t feeling left out due to his disability and to be in an environment that accepted him. They provided an assistant that became his voice when he wanted to communicate something because prior to their presence, it was hard for him. The help of their assistance allowed him to interact with his peers more comfortably. It’s beautiful to see how despite the hardship he faces from being deaf, they all do things in order to help him feel welcome in the environment. Making adjustments and effort to become accustomed to skills that can help Mateo understand what they want to communicate with him. They even brought everyone together by including each student in the kindergarten class to learn a song in sign language alongside Mateo.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-02 21:40:18 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title></title>
         <author>cherylperpose</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729302237</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/mateos-story-lesson-inclusion-we-can-all-learn" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-02 21:41:33 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title></title>
         <author>cherylperpose</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729302756</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-02 21:42:22 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Eleanor&#39;s Journey: A Story Of Public School Inclusion - Analysis by Cheryl</title>
         <author>cherylperpose</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729305763</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This is a story of Eleanor’s journey of overcoming the difficulties of her PDD–NOS (Pervasive Development — Not Otherwise Specified). Noticeable behaviours were her difficulty socializing with her classmates and her trouble communicating. Later on, she was diagnosed to be “profoundly deaf” as well (French, 2018). This allowed them to begin early interventions in order to do what could best support her in kindergarten. Her parents were involved in this by creating an Independent Education Plan (IEP), then continued to have meetings with the team to look over and adjust anything in her IEP for each upcoming school year. Their steps for inclusion were created through her IEP, which involved school activities and events in the community. They communicated with her classmates and brought awareness about how Ella has more difficulty when it comes to interacting and grasping the information being taught in class. Once her classmates were spoken to about Ella, they all made the effort to take part in her interventions and assist in her “social skills development activities” that were created to help her adjust (French, 2018). This allowed the students to develop their empathetic skills because of her and didn’t make her feel like an outsider by making her a part of in-class learning activities. They provided voice amplifiers in the classroom in order for her to hear the teachers more clearly. They also performed equity regarding punishment. This was presented when she had a physical altercation with another student. Instead of sending her home and preventing her from actually reflecting on what was wrong with what she did, they gave her a punishment where she couldn’t go watch the talent show with the rest of her classmates and got stuck doing an assignment. This had a positive effect on her as she didn’t continue to have such behaviour like that because she doesn’t want to be in that position where her friends can go have fun at an event without her. Due to her being a part of an inclusive environment, she was able to show the same academic performance as everyone else. The family was grateful to everyone who got involved in making sure that Ella had the help and support she needed in her journey. This helped her to not stay within her expected limitations and learn to outgrow that original scale.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-02 21:46:34 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title></title>
         <author>cherylperpose</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729306725</link>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-02 21:47:52 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title></title>
         <author>wincy1997wc</author>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-02 23:04:31 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title></title>
         <author>wincy1997wc</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/wincy1997wc/80qg3ruanyvetlq2/wish/2729362146</link>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-02 23:19:56 UTC</pubDate>
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         <author>wincy1997wc</author>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-02 23:46:33 UTC</pubDate>
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