I think political ideology practiced in the United States to develop sports industry will be neo-liberalism. This is due to them believing that society is at its most healthy when people can run their daily lives without the involvement of the State. This ideology also states that people should freely choose how they organize their social lives and business as they see fit. Additionally, it sees little value and argues that the privatization of government services produces greater efficiency and higher quality outcomes. With that, it should be valued as an important social institution but not strictly controlled. It used as a staple for nation building and economic development and supported in these instances which focuses on elite sport at the expense of community sport.

Additionally, I think it is neo-liberalism as well due to the market dominance and limited government role. Market dominance as it states its market forces driving success in professional leagues which aligns with neo-liberalism focus on minimal government intervention in the economy. Limited government role is uses commercially derived funds for development which reflects a preference for private sector solutions over large-scale government programs.

The political ideology practiced in the United States (US) to develop the sports industry there would be Neo-liberalism. It can be inferred based on the description given above, where it is stated that the US government has restricted role and the priorities on the market. This is since USOC, a non-government organization, has been given full commercial rights by legislation for properties in the Olympics.

• market forces dictate which sports to develop

• sustainable

• performance-oriented

• does not impose a burden on the government

Disadvantages:

• private funding may not be adequate nor sustainable

• social objectives of sports de-emphasized; potential marginalization of the poor.

• only cares about elite sport, mass participation may be neglected

• Market forces can drive efficiency in professional leagues.

• Teams cater to fan preference and generate revenue will lead to becoming successful.

Innovation

• In areas like marketing, broadcasting

Focus solely on elite athletes

• Focus on development of elite athletes at highest international level

Disadvantages

• Financial support

• Limited resources

• Accessibility & Equity

• Increase efficiency and innovation by way of a competitive market, where organizations and pro leagues would have to run effectively to earn revenue and captivate fans.

• government limitation in terms of authorities and government funding requirements.

Disadvantages:

• reliance on sponsorships by corporations which could affect the integrity aspect, where commercial goals would be prioritized through compromising of ethical considerations.

• possibility of exploitative behaviors as well as labor disputation due to the absenteeism of regulations

However, it changed in 1970s which they established the Ministry of Sport and start to fund program that both increased the number of community leisure centers around Australia & assisted national sporting bodies to improve their operation. The failure of the Olympic Games to win a gold medal at Montreal in 1976 allows the national government to intervene directly in the sports development process. With that, they increase budget from $A5 million to $A150 million to increase Australia sporting infrastructure and expand operations of the national governing bodies for sport.

With that, they want to also strike elusive balance fundamentally between elite development and community sport participation through 4 strategies. Firstly, it aims to develop an effective national sports infrastructure by enhancing the management capabilities of national sporting bodies. Secondly, it aims to improve participation in sport activities by encouraging more people to engage in club-based sports. Third, it aims to provide for continuous improvement in life. Lastly, it aims to provide a climate and culture of fair play.

One such organization is the Australia Sports Commission (ASC). ASC has been established to promote and support sports development across the country. ASC is governed by a Board of Commissioners appointed by the Minister of Sport. ASC encourages and help Australians of all backgrounds, ages and abilities to get involved in sport and enjoy the many benefits. ASC delivers various grants through investment in high performance and national sport participation programs, performance pathways, people development and wellbeing, and research and innovation.  

After the end of the second world war, the national government became more involved in sports in Australia. A ministry of sport was established which started funding programs that promoted sport amongst its citizens, such as establishing more community leisure centers and improving the operation of national sporting organizations.  

• Lesser strain on the government’s spending on sports which can be used in other areas

• Allows for more funding as 3rd party will use this opportunity to make money and will fund it.

Disadvantages

• There would not be profit/revenue gained from the sport itself & the involvement of individuals in the sport would not be as prominent.

• More prone to ill-willed activities that may disadvantage the development of sports for a gain in greater profit

• With ease of accessing a willing portion of the population, they can easily take advantage of their admiration for vice activities

• This can be reflected in the Source provided where most of the reasons why the victims did not report were out of fear, not wanting the perpetrator to get into trouble and more that can damage the athlete’s reputation

Management improvement: Australian Sports Commission (ASC) training programmes, grants for management improvement and staff training

Economic benefits: Government agencies to secure significant sports festivals and championships. Subsidies to ensure the viability of mega-sport events.

Community participation: Programmes and funding to encourage greater participation at grass-roots level. Working with national sport bodies to develop modified games and implement junior development programmes.

Social capital: Volunteer training programmes and grants to local sport bodies to improve sport facilities and administrative systems.

Diversity and equity: Women’s sports programmes, anti-harassment and anti-discrimination programmes  including design of member protection policies (MPP), funding to assist indigenous and disabled sports.

Drug education and enforcement: Australian Sports Anti-Doping Authority (ASADA), Drug education programmes, testing and sanctions

• Taxpayers are asked to pay for a stadium, typically through a dedicated sales tax but almost all the economic benefits are received by team owners and players who are not exactly hurting as much as taxpayers are. Additionally, a common goal of stadium wars is to increase stadium revenues, which affects average fans, who are the ones paying most of the taxes end up getting priced out.

This is also not including tax payers who are not physically active or don’t use the stadium in the first place. As the some of these specialised facilities are ment for elite athletes and are unusable for the average joe in sports who does it to stay active.