https://padlet.com/meganden6357/7wygq2nzjo7j Learning Unit en-us 2016-10-31 15:11:50 UTC 2016-11-17 16:55:15 UTC hello@padlet.com meganden6357 https://padlet.com/meganden6357/7wygq2nzjo7j/wish/134252973 If i could change one thing about my sister's behavior it would be to make her stop yelling when she doesn't get her way
-Train and error: if at first you dont succeed, try again
- Operant conditioning- behaviors have consequences:
      positive punishment- add something you don't want, a punishment
Positive reinforcement- add something they enjoy, a reward
      Negative punishment: taking away something they like as a punishment
       Negative reinforcement- take away something they don't like as a reward
-Classical conditioning- associative learning
-Observational learning (modeling)- monkey see, monkey do]]> 2016-10-31 15:12:58 UTC https://padlet.com/meganden6357/7wygq2nzjo7j/wish/134252973 meganden6357 https://padlet.com/meganden6357/7wygq2nzjo7j/wish/134804945 -Edward thorndike and the law of effect:
-Key researchers- Edward Thorndike and Robert Woodworth
-Purpose- if there was a line between the associated learning in humans versus in animals , and how problem solving is approached by either side
-Procedure- animal is placed in a small uncomfortable cage with only one way out, the animal would have to figure out how to get out b pushing a lever or something like that and if the animal got out then they would get a reward and each time the latency would decrease which means that each time they got out of the cage they learned something without realizing it
-The animals were able to find out how to get out of the cage, if an action brings a reward, then they remeber what they did. 
-Law of effect- behavior changes because of its consequences
-Formal Dicsipline- mind could be strengthened by exersizes like memorization
-It was ethical because it had a purpose and not only didnt harm the animals but may have helped them

-B.F. Skinner Operant Conditioning:
-Key researchers- Burrhus F Skinner
-Purpose- wanted to study behavior and wanted to focus on the events following a response, wanted to study the undertsanding of human behavior
-Put a hungry/thirsty rat in a box and everytime the rat pulled a lever he would use positive reinforcement and give them food and water
-Skinner found that the events following the response had a greater influence of the later rate of occurance
-Operant conditioning- If a response (the operant) is followed bt a reinforcing stimulus, resposne is increased
-Operant- the behavior, lever press
-Reinforcing stimulus- Reward, food
-It was ethical, although there was some discomfort it was justified
-Could help people with mental disorders in the future]]> 2016-11-02 15:03:08 UTC https://padlet.com/meganden6357/7wygq2nzjo7j/wish/134804945 meganden6357 https://padlet.com/meganden6357/7wygq2nzjo7j/wish/135112741 Garcia-Taste Aversion 
Procedure- gave rats a sweet solution that they liked to drink and soon after gave them a substance to make them sick
Results- the rats associated that taste with sickness and refused to eat it or ate it in small quantities
Ethical?- possibly, the rats were fed and taken care of, but they were also made sick 

Classical conditioning
Unconditioned stimulis-------Unconditioned response
Conditioned response+Unconditioned stimulus-----Unconditioned response
Conditioned stimulus-----Conditioned response

Example: Little Albert
Animals-----He is fine
Animals

Watson-Little Albert Study
Purpose: challenge Frueds theory about biological and instinctual proccess, Uses associative learning and classical conditioning
Procedure: Watson got a 9 month old child to find if albert could form fears. The rat (or any white fluffy objects) became a conditioned stimullus and elicited a conditioned response
Results- Albert became terrified of the things that Watson conditioned him to be scared of, this proved that emotional behavior can and is created through conditioning, psychology should be focused on behavior
Ethical?-No, this is an unethical study because it left him with life lasting fears and was never returned to his normal self
Relevance- Emotions and behaviors are taught, the Freud theory is wrong

Conditioning proccess: 
Acquisition- Conditioned response gets bigger
First extinction period- Conditoined response (fear) goes away
Rest period- No more fear 
Spontaneous recovery- something reminds that person of the conditioned response]]> 2016-11-03 15:10:30 UTC https://padlet.com/meganden6357/7wygq2nzjo7j/wish/135112741 meganden6357 https://padlet.com/meganden6357/7wygq2nzjo7j/wish/135411619 Pavlov-salivating dogs expiriment
- Key researchers- Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
-measured the amount of salivation from the dogs due to different tastes, the salivation was collected through a surgery to put a tube in, then everytime the dog would be receiving food, thus salivating, he would ring a bell. He then found that everytime the dog hears a bell, it salivates
Metronome- conditioned stimulus
Salivation- Conditioned response
Relevance- Explains where phobias come from and why you dislike certain foods

Generalization- a response to a word- salivating when hearing pavlov
discrimination- not responding to a word- whe nyou dont respond at all when someone says something
Classical conditioning-repeatedly pairing two stimuli to create a response- ring of a bell makes dogs salivate
Operant Conditioning- asssociating behavior with the consequences (good or bad) that follow- studying for a test gets you good grades, you study the same way you did to get another good grafde]]> 2016-11-04 15:16:38 UTC https://padlet.com/meganden6357/7wygq2nzjo7j/wish/135411619 meganden6357 https://padlet.com/meganden6357/7wygq2nzjo7j/wish/136446079 Seligman- Learned Helplessness
-Key researchers- Martin Seligman and Steve Meyer
- Purpose- See if 
-Procedure- They shocked the dogs, one group of dogs were able to stop the shock by pressing a button and the other group could not escape the shock, the next day they took the same dogs and gave them a way out but the dogs who thought they could not escape the shock didnt, even though they had an opportunity to escape
-Unethical- left a lasting impact on the dogs and couoldve been done harmlessly
Relevance- Helplessness can cause depression, if we expect failure we will fail

Bandura BoBo Doll study
-Purpose- based on observational learning
-Procedure- exposed to an adult model that was expressing violent behavior, another group was exposed to nonviolent behavior
-Results- Girls were more likely to imitate verbal agrression and boys were more likely to imitate physical aggression 
-Unethical- kids left in a new state, could cause them to treat people aggressively, could affect the children long term 
-Relevance- Males are more inclined to be physically aggressive than females, kids are easily influenced so if they see violent behaviors then they will most likely imitate this]]> 2016-11-09 15:59:13 UTC https://padlet.com/meganden6357/7wygq2nzjo7j/wish/136446079 meganden6357 https://padlet.com/meganden6357/7wygq2nzjo7j/wish/136805938 -variable- random- randomly give students skittles
-fixed- set/ every time- give them skittles every two guesses
-continuous- every instance of a behavior is reinforced- give them skittles everytime the guess a correct letter
-ratio schedules- reinforcement is based on the number of behaviors required- give skittles every time they guess a correct letter
-interval schedules- based on time, after a certain amount of time passes- skittles every 10 seconds

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