Remake of Contrast and compare by

Patho Concept

cvysoky — 2020-04-21 19:36:39 UTC

What's going on to impact neurologic functioning? (patho)

cvysoky — 2020-04-21 19:36:52 UTC

How are these the same

cvysoky — 2020-04-21 19:37:30 UTC

Level of consciousness (Complex)
Confusion post-seizure (Complex)
Muscle tone affected but to different degrees

How are these different

cvysoky — 2020-04-21 19:37:38 UTC

Level of consciousness (Simple)
Confusion post-seizure
Rigid tone vs. loss of tone
Automatisms
One side of the brain vs both sides
Loss of bowel/bladder control
Behavioral changes (Partial seizure more fear, anxiety, aggression).

Patho Concept

chadho — 2020-04-21 19:38:56 UTC

Neurons in brainstem hyperexcitable. Disrupts medulla, pons, and midbrain.

What's going on to impact neurologic functioning? (Patho)

chadho — 2020-04-21 19:39:03 UTC

Medulla disruption: Apnea/Shallow breathing and cyanosis. Tachycardia and arrhythmia.
Pons: Muscles stiffen and flex towards body.
Midbrain: Loss of consciousness and swallowing reflex.

Simple

cvysoky — 2020-04-21 19:39:11 UTC

Any age
No loss of consciousness
< 30 s
No post-seizure confusion
sudden nausea/abd pain
Depends on part of brain affected:
- Motor: twitching or lost muscle tone in one extremity, part of an extremity, or ipsilateral extremities
- Sensory: tingling, numbness, sensation involving sound, smell, or sight, distortions in vision
- Emotional: anxiety, frightened, uncontrolled bursts of laughter or crying

Complex

cvysoky — 2020-04-21 19:39:14 UTC

Usually > 3 yo
Consciousness impaired
30s - 5min
post-seizure amnesia/confusion
***Often mistaken for someone who is drunk or taking drugs
Depends on part of brain:
- Motor: twitching, loss of tone, posturing, automatisms (repetitive tapping, chewing, swallowing, hand rubbing, running), wandering, removal of clothing, violent when restrained
- Sensory: tingling, numbness, sensation involving sound, smell, or sight, distortions in vision
- Emotional: Anxiety, fear, deja vu, agression

Tonic

chadho — 2020-04-21 19:40:06 UTC

Clonic

chadho — 2020-04-21 19:40:10 UTC

Uncontrolled jerking of body.

Same

kimotos — 2020-04-21 19:41:10 UTC

Risk factors: cerebral edema, trauma, infections, tumors, unknown
Unable to recall seizure
Same patho as tonic-clonic: affecting both hemispheres of brain
Lethargy, fatigue post episode
Diagnostics: EEG to confirm
Similar medications: Valproic acid, lamotrigine,

Different

kimotos — 2020-04-21 19:41:50 UTC

Appears to be daydreaming, gazing, blank stare, lip smacking, mistaken for inattentive.
No aura
Brief loss of consciousness (5-10 sec)
Minimal or no change to muscle tone
No post seizure confusion
can resume previous activity
Often ceases by teenage years
Frequent attacks 50-100 per day
onset between 5-8yr

Patho Concept

rroot4 — 2020-04-21 19:43:30 UTC

1. hyperactivity of thalamocortical neural circuit: dysregulation of excitatory neurons (cortex) and inhibitory GABAergic neurons (thalamus)

2. rhythmic and bilaterally synchronous activation (similar occurrence during Non-REM sleep)

3. interrupted responsiveness to external stimuli

Post Ictal Phase

chadho — 2020-04-21 19:46:23 UTC

Semi-consciousness
Poor coordination
Impairment of fine movements
May or may not be aware of what occurred.