Hydraulic Fracturing by Phillip Plowman

Romel

2014-05-29 14:44:31 UTC

Hydraulic Fracturing or "fracking" is a processed used in 9 out of 10 natural gas wells in USA. @propublica.org

Scientists are worried that the chemicals used in fracturing may pose a threat either underground or when waste fluids are handled and sometimes spilled on the surface @propublica.org

I think that if Scientist are worried that the chemicals will pose a threat or spill on the surface, they should come up with a new technique.

Jendaiya Allen

2014-05-29 14:44:55 UTC

The EPA had identified chemicals reportedly used in Hydraulic Fracturing fluids from 2005 to 2011 and chemicals found in flow back and produced water.

EPA.gov

Comments For Hydraulic Fracturing

pplowman — 2014-05-29 14:45:03 UTC

Comments Against Hydraulic Fracturing

pplowman — 2014-05-29 14:45:38 UTC

4-Posts minimum

pplowman — 2014-05-29 14:47:03 UTC

2 posts that cite a source to support your opinion

2 posts commenting on other persons posts & opinion

State your opinion, then support it with your resource.

morgan

2014-05-29 14:47:20 UTC

most scientist are worried that the chemicals used in faturing may pose a threat either under ground or when waist fluids are handled and sometimes spilled on the surface

according to propublica.org

iris

2014-05-29 14:48:48 UTC

Hydraulic fracturing is used in 9 out 0f 10 natural gas wells in the United States according to Propublica.com but uses millions of gallons of water, sand, and chemicals, which isn't a good thing

Aaron

2014-05-29 14:49:49 UTC

Natural Gas is Springing up in all water systems closest to these Fracking sights

-Elsevier.com

Mr.Plowman

pplowman — 2014-05-29 14:50:38 UTC

Hydraulic fracturing should be pursued as an energy resource because it my create 1.4 million new jobs by 2035. According to shale.org,

Brianna

2014-05-29 14:51:35 UTC

The main concern with this is the fact that the drills can hit water sources and contaminate our water

www.thinkbeforeyoufrack.org/about-hydrofraking/

Aaron

2014-05-29 14:51:56 UTC

It would seem that shale gas, which occurs in shale deposits around the world, is in a perfect position to replace coal in power stations.

Elsevier.com

Reggie Lockhart It takes 1,800,000 gallons of water for a single well

2014-05-29 14:51:57 UTC

http://www.dangersoffracking.com/

Jendaiya Allen

2014-05-29 14:53:01 UTC

It takes 1-8 million gallons of water to complete

each fracturing job.

dangersoffracking.com

Reggie Lockhart

2014-05-29 14:53:27 UTC

40,000 gallons of chemicals are used in a single well

http://www.dangersoffracking.com/

Aaron

2014-05-29 14:53:39 UTC

Many have described fracking as the bridge between the carbon-based energy systems of the past and a cleaner, greener future.

Aaron

2014-05-29 14:53:50 UTC

Many have described fracking as the bridge between the carbon-based energy systems of the past and a cleaner, greener future.

-Elsevier.com

iris

2014-05-29 14:54:31 UTC

another con is that scientist are worried that there may be chemicals spills when they aren't handled right

-propublica.com

Reggie Lockhart

2014-05-29 14:55:29 UTC

@Aaron

pplowman — 2014-05-29 14:56:46 UTC

I agree that fracking is good. It is a cleaner energy source than coal.

@iris You are very correct

2014-05-29 14:57:16 UTC

iris @Jendaiya Allen

2014-05-29 14:57:29 UTC

is the water going to good use?

Reggie Lockhart

2014-05-29 14:57:59 UTC

@Reggie Lockhart

2014-05-29 14:58:46 UTC

are the chemicals they're safe?

Jendaiya Allen @ Brianna

2014-05-29 15:00:03 UTC

Whats the main concern?

The Chemicals lead to water contamination, so no

2014-05-29 15:00:09 UTC

@Jendaiya Allen

2014-05-29 15:00:10 UTC

Will they use up all of the water and if they dont use it all up then what do they do with the water that is left over?

Reggie Lockhart

2014-05-29 15:00:33 UTC

Jendaiya Allen

2014-05-29 15:01:47 UTC

I think that people have the right to be concerned about fracking, I mean look at how its popping up in a lot of peoples water that are near by.

Romel

2014-05-29 15:03:40 UTC

Or they should just stop all the way because it is messing with peoples water and they dont do anything about it

Jendaiya Allen @ Reggie

2014-05-29 15:03:51 UTC

Do you think there's anyway for us to maybe wash the chemicals that are left away?

morgan - brianna

2014-05-29 15:04:37 UTC

i agree 100%. things could get really dangerous for the people drinking the water and the enviorment

Keane

2014-05-29 15:05:03 UTC

Fracking is a suspect in polluted drinking water in Arkansas, Colorado, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Virginia. www.ndrc.org/energy/gas drilling/

Rachel

2014-05-29 15:05:26 UTC

Although fracking seems reliable͵ it is a nonrenewable source of energy·

Jendaiya Allen @ Plowman.

2014-05-29 15:05:33 UTC

Are these jobs really worth hurting millions of people with its waste

Gabriela@Aaron

2014-05-29 15:06:36 UTC

do they describe what are some of the steps or the process that they go through in order to make sure that the fracking they they are using is going to be cleaner?

Jendaiya Allen

2014-05-29 15:06:45 UTC

Does anybody know other reasons besides water contamination that would make fracking dangerous.

morgan

2014-05-29 15:10:39 UTC

the us has a vast or wide range of natural gas that are commercially viable

2.epa.gov

Jendaiya Allen

2014-05-29 15:11:02 UTC

Many fracking fluids are known to be toxic to humans and wildlife, and several are known to cause cancer.

Gabriela

2014-05-29 15:12:31 UTC

Natural gas doesnt just help our environment, but also the people who live in it, it has helped put people to work in all 50 states

Jendaiya Allen

2014-05-29 15:12:43 UTC

Not only does fracking pose a health concern to the water, but the volatile nature of the constituents means that they can also easily enter the air.

Mr. Plowman

pplowman — 2014-05-29 15:12:51 UTC

Job Creation:

Romel

2014-05-29 15:13:41 UTC

1-8 million gallons of water are used to complete one job of fracking.

@dangersoffracking.com

Keane

2014-05-29 15:14:04 UTC

Fracking uses a very large amount of water. m.BBC.com/news/uk-14432401

Rachel @Jendaiya Allen

2014-05-29 15:14:36 UTC

I agree that fracking causes an extreme amount of damage to the enviorment. According to http://stateimpact.npr.org/texas/tag/earthquake/ fracking also can cause large earthquakes that add onto enviormental damage.

Reggie Lockhart

2014-05-29 15:15:23 UTC

Two small earthquakes of 1.5 and 2.2 magnitude hit the Blackpool area in 2011 following fracking.

http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-14432401

Jendaiya Allen @ Morgan

2014-05-29 15:15:39 UTC

like?

Gabriela @iris

2014-05-29 15:16:47 UTC

if scientist are worried about this problem that they are worried might happen then are they doing anything to try and prevent it from happening later on?

morgan

2014-05-29 15:17:14 UTC

fracturing water intensive process where millions of gallons of fluid- a mix of water, sand , and chemicals, including the one that cause cancer are yes injected into the ground at high pressure. This releases extra oil and gas from rock, flowing into wells

foodandwaterwatch.org

Iris @plowman

2014-05-29 15:17:26 UTC

are we in need of 1.4 million jobs?

Anna

2014-05-29 15:19:25 UTC

Hydraulic Fracturing is a very dangerous process that can cause major environmental hazards. It uses billions of gallons of water and chemicals that can contaminate our drinking water according to

Iris @Reggie

2014-05-29 15:19:55 UTC

are there chemicals safe?

Romel

2014-05-29 15:20:03 UTC

Water After Fracking

@Jendaiya Allen

2014-05-29 15:20:40 UTC

do the benefits outweigh the cons?

Iris @Keane

2014-05-29 15:20:41 UTC

have they tried to stop any of this

@Gabriela-Mr Plowman

pplowman — 2014-05-29 15:21:21 UTC

Would you be willing to subject yourself to these chemicals used?

Jendaiya @ Iris @ Reggie

2014-05-29 15:21:22 UTC

what're the chemicals that are exactly used in fracking?

Reggie@Morgan-Brianna

2014-05-29 15:21:30 UTC

Then find better ways of getting water?

Iris @romel

2014-05-29 15:21:58 UTC

thats dangerous!

Rachel @Romel

2014-05-29 15:22:27 UTC

Most likely, those in charge are too busy worrying about the amount of money. They use the natural, raw energy to make up for the contamination in water as shown in Politics&Policy.org

Keane @Mr.Plowman

2014-05-29 15:22:37 UTC

It may create more jobs but what damage will hydraulic fracturing do to the environment

Romel

2014-05-29 15:22:49 UTC

Cow dead after hours of exposure to spilled fracking fluids

Jendaiya @ Romel

2014-05-29 15:22:53 UTC

Exactly why fracking isn't safe.

Brianna

2014-05-29 15:22:57 UTC

@ Iris-Mr.Plowman

pplowman — 2014-05-29 15:23:28 UTC

Yes; according to the huffington post. unemployment is still at 9.2% So there are still millions of people looking for jobs.

Reggie

2014-05-29 15:24:05 UTC

I think that we should only drill FAR away from water sources and houses

morgan- plowman

2014-05-29 15:24:27 UTC

that may be true but is that really more important than peoples health

Gabriela @Romel

2014-05-29 15:24:39 UTC

does the page where you found the picture of the cow show how the people stare to react after that happened

morgan - rachel

2014-05-29 15:26:09 UTC

do u think you we will ever find away out of fracturing because my opinion is that we need to stop now

Romel

2014-05-29 15:26:13 UTC

iris @rachel

2014-05-29 15:26:17 UTC

are the earthquakes big enough to do harm?

Anna @ Jenny

2014-05-29 15:27:08 UTC

that is a great point, I also think that people deserve to know whats happening

Keane @Reggie Lockhart

2014-05-29 15:27:30 UTC

The remains of the chemicals are released into the air and contain ozone which is harmful to our lungs

Reggie @Rachel

2014-05-29 15:27:34 UTC

It is nonrenewable

Reggie Lockhart

2014-05-29 15:28:42 UTC

Why is can get into water

iris @romel

2014-05-29 15:28:54 UTC

morgan - romel

2014-05-29 15:29:20 UTC

i believe strongly of this photo because we get mad if he terrorists was to poison the water what makes us any different if we do it to

Jendaiya

2014-05-29 15:29:29 UTC

Chemical Name	CAS	Chemical Purpose	Product Function
Hydrochloric Acid	007647-01-0	Helps dissolve minerals and initiate cracks in the rock	Acid

Glutaraldehyde	000111-30-8	Eliminates bacteria in the water that produces corrosive by-products	Biocide
Quaternary Ammonium Chloride	012125-02-9	Eliminates bacteria in the water that produces corrosive by-products	Biocide
Quaternary Ammonium Chloride	061789-71-1	Eliminates bacteria in the water that produces corrosive by-products	Biocide
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl-Phosphonium Sulfate	055566-30-8	Eliminates bacteria in the water that produces corrosive by-products	Biocide

Ammonium Persulfate	007727-54-0	Allows a delayed break down of the gel	Breaker
Sodium Chloride	007647-14-5	Product Stabilizer	Breaker
Magnesium Peroxide	014452-57-4	Allows a delayed break down the gel	Breaker
Magnesium Oxide	001309-48-4	Allows a delayed break down the gel	Breaker
Calcium Chloride	010043-52-4	Product Stabilizer

@ Keane - Mr. Plowman

pplowman — 2014-05-29 15:29:44 UTC

According to Natural gas allaince- "This assessment by FERC staff essentially concludes that the Cove Point project can be built with no significant environmental impact. "

Rachel @Romel

2014-05-29 15:30:04 UTC

The contamination in yhe water is due to the fracking chemicals. There are at least 30 chemicals including Methanol, Hydrochloric Acid, and Phosphonic Acid Salt, all of which are deadley according to FracFocus.org

..

2014-05-29 15:30:41 UTC

Choline Chloride	000067-48-1	Prevents clays from swelling or shifting	Clay Stabilizer
Tetramethyl ammonium chloride	000075-57-0	Prevents clays from swelling or shifting	Clay Stabilizer
Sodium Chloride	007647-14-5	Prevents clays from swelling or shifting	Clay Stabilizer

Isopropanol	000067-63-0	Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent	Corrosion Inhibitor
Methanol	000067-56-1	Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent	Corrosion Inhibitor
Formic Acid	000064-18-6	Prevents the corrosion of the pipe	Corrosion Inhibitor
Acetaldehyde	000075-07-0	Prevents the corrosion of the pipe	Corrosion Inhibitor

Petroleum Distillate	064741-85-1	Carrier fluid for borate or zirconate crosslinker	Crosslinker
Hydrotreated Light Petroleum Distillate	064742-47-8	Carrier fluid for borate or zirconate crosslinker	Crosslinker
Potassium Metaborate	013709-94-9	Maintains fluid viscosity as temperature increases	Crosslinker
Triethanolamine Zirconate	101033-44-7	Maintains fluid viscosity as temperature increases	Crosslinker
Sodium Tetraborate	001303-96-4	Maintains fluid viscosity as temperature increases	Crosslinker
Boric Acid	001333-73-9	Maintains fluid viscosity as temperature increases	Crosslinker
Zirconium Complex	113184-20-6	Maintains fluid viscosity as temperature increases	Crosslinker
Borate Salts	N/A	Maintains fluid viscosity as temperature increases	Crosslinker
Ethylene Glycol	000107-21-1	Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent.	Crosslinker
Methanol	000067-56-1	Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent.

Romel @Jendaiya

2014-05-29 15:30:42 UTC

exposure to spilled fracking fluids can kill animals.

Brianna@Romel

2014-05-29 15:30:58 UTC

Do you think they don't care b/c they are getting money?

Gabriela

2014-05-29 15:31:05 UTC

Homes, school and factories are shown to be a lot safer and more affordable

..

2014-05-29 15:31:22 UTC

Polyacrylamide	009003-05-8	“Slicks” the water to minimize friction	Friction Reducer
Petroleum Distillate	064741-85-1	Carrier fluid for polyacrylamide friction reducer	Friction Reducer
Hydrotreated Light Petroleum Distillate	064742-47-8	Carrier fluid for polyacrylamide friction reducer	Friction Reducer
Methanol	000067-56-1	Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent.	Friction Reducer
Ethylene Glycol	000107-21-1	Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent.	Friction Reducer

Guar Gum	009000-30-0	Thickens the water in order to suspend the sand	Gelling Agent
Petroleum Distillate	064741-85-1	Carrier fluid for guar gum in liquid gels	Gelling Agent
Hydrotreated Light Petroleum Distillate	064742-47-8	Carrier fluid for guar gum in liquid gels	Gelling Agent
Methanol	000067-56-1	Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent.	Gelling Agent
Polysaccharide Blend	068130-15-4	Thickens the water in order to suspend the sand	Gelling Agent
Ethylene Glycol	000107-21-1	Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent.	Gelling Agent

Citric Acid	000077-92-9	Prevents precipitation of metal oxides	Iron Control
Acetic Acid	000064-19-7	Prevents precipitation of metal oxides	Iron Control
Thioglycolic Acid	000068-11-1	Prevents precipitation of metal oxides	Iron Control
Sodium Erythorbate	006381-77-7	Prevents precipitation of metal oxides	Iron Control

Lauryl Sulfate	000151-21-3	Used to prevent the formation of emulsions in the fracture fluid	Non-Emulsifier
Isopropanol	000067-63-0	Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent.	Non-Emulsifier
Ethylene Glycol	000107-21-1	Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent.	Non-Emulsifier

morgan

2014-05-29 15:32:44 UTC

iris @Jendaiya Allen

2014-05-29 15:32:45 UTC

WOW! thats a lot of chemicals

..

2014-05-29 15:32:59 UTC

Sodium Hydroxide	001310-73-2	Adjusts the pH of fluid to maintains the effectiveness of other components, such as crosslinkers	pH Adjusting Agent
Potassium Hydroxide	001310-58-3	Adjusts the pH of fluid to maintains the effectiveness of other components, such as crosslinkers	pH Adjusting Agent
Acetic Acid	000064-19-7	Adjusts the pH of fluid to maintains the effectiveness of other components, such as crosslinkers	pH Adjusting Agent
Sodium Carbonate	000497-19-8	Adjusts the pH of fluid to maintains the effectiveness of other components, such as crosslinkers	pH Adjusting Agent
Potassium Carbonate	000584-08-7	Adjusts the pH of fluid to maintains the effectiveness of other components, such as crosslinkers	pH Adjusting Agent

Copolymer of Acrylamide and Sodium Acrylate	025987-30-8	Prevents scale deposits in the pipe	Scale Inhibitor
Sodium Polycarboxylate	N/A	Prevents scale deposits in the pipe	Scale Inhibitor
Phosphonic Acid Salt	N/A	Prevents scale deposits in the pipe	Scale Inhibitor

Lauryl Sulfate	000151-21-3	Used to increase the viscosity of the fracture fluid	Surfactant
Ethanol	000064-17-5	Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent.	Surfactant
Naphthalene	000091-20-3	Carrier fluid for the active surfactant ingredients	Surfactant
Methanol	000067-56-1	Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent.	Surfactant
Isopropyl Alcohol	000067-63-0	Product stabilizer and / or winterizing agent.	Surfactant
2-Butoxyethanol	000111-76-2	Product stabilizer	Surfactant

Keane

2014-05-29 15:33:49 UTC

30% of water used in hydraulic fracturing is lost forever. http://www.popularmechanics.com/_mobile/science/energy/coal-oil-gas/top-10-myths-about-natural-gas-drilling-6386593#slide-1

irias @Plowman

2014-05-29 15:34:38 UTC

Thanks for the information

Romel @Jendaiya

2014-05-29 15:35:04 UTC

Are all of these chemicals in the contaminated water?

Anna

2014-05-29 15:35:18 UTC

Almost every chemical in fracking fluid can make a negative impact and cause problems with your eyes, skin, and sensory organs. Fracking fluid includes more than 25 chemicals per use.These same chemicals that we can be effected by and not even know it are the same ones used for many cleaning supplies, kerosene, chemical catalyst and many more.

Mr. Plowman@Jendaiya

pplowman — 2014-05-29 15:35:42 UTC

Why do you think that there are all of these chemicals required? Do you think they could do this process without all of the toxic chemicals ?

Rachel @iris

2014-05-29 15:36:24 UTC

Actually, the 4.4 earthquake in LA has been proven to be caused by fracking.

Iris @romel

2014-05-29 15:36:26 UTC

i hope not! thats dangerous

Jendaiya@Romel

2014-05-29 15:36:44 UTC

..no these are just all the chemicals that are used during & for the process of fracking

iris @anna

2014-05-29 15:38:03 UTC

have they tried to put a stop to it?

morgan

2014-05-29 15:38:31 UTC

ROMEL

2014-05-29 15:38:46 UTC

swag yolo swag

Jendaiya @ Plowman

2014-05-29 15:40:26 UTC

I'm sure there's a safer way to do fracking, but maybe its more expensive and not as quick of a process.. but thats just my thought.

Brianna

2014-05-29 15:40:35 UTC

in 2010 in Pittsburgh, PA, their water and sewer authority discovered very high levels of trihalomethane in the system that distributes drinking water to the city. This chemical has been linked to multiple health problems, including bladder cancer

http://www.thestokesnews.com/news/letters/3735964/Fracking-poses-dangers

anna @iris

2014-05-29 15:41:42 UTC

a stop to what

Brianna@Jenny

2014-05-29 15:43:24 UTC

I agree with Jenny that fracking poses a health concern

http://www.thestokesnews.com/news/letters/3735964/Fracking-poses-dangers

Gabriela @Aaron

2014-05-29 15:43:26 UTC

is it a good or bad thing that natural gas is springing up in other water systems? and if its bad are they doing anything to try and prevent it?

Rachel @morgan

2014-05-29 15:44:39 UTC

Based on InsideFracking.org, there are safe ways to frack thought it is harder and not as effective

Anna

2014-05-29 15:45:48 UTC

the risks and dangers of hydraulic fracturing include.

Contamination of groundwater
Methane pollution and its impact on climate change
Air pollution impacts
Exposure to toxic chemicals
Blowouts due to gas explosion
Waste disposal
Large volume water use in water-deficient regions
Fracking-induced earthquakes
Workplace safety
Infrastructure degradation

Jendaiya @ Gabriela

2014-05-29 15:46:15 UTC

But is this worth hurting innocent animals and people in the process?

Anna @jendaiya

2014-05-29 15:47:16 UTC

thats what makes the most sense.

morgan

2014-05-29 15:47:35 UTC

The gas industry is steadfast in its claims that hydraulic fracturing and associated drilling practices are safe and pose no threat to human and environmental health. But is it really true?

desmogblog.com

Anna@aaron

2014-05-29 15:49:39 UTC

just because its cleaner than coal doesnt mean it is a good energy source. It might effect the environment in different ways than coal and those ways may be worse

Rachel

2014-05-29 15:49:45 UTC

Although frackingis easy and collects natural material, it causes pollution and alters a safe water supply into becoming deadley

morgan

2014-05-29 15:49:54 UTC

Given the recent deluge of media coverage about gas industry threats, it appears current gas operations are demonstrating a lot of the same type of dangerous practices and cavalier industry culture that led to the BP oil disaster in the Gulf of Mexico.

desmogblog.com

HELLO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

2014-05-30 00:22:26 UTC