GROUP 6 PBL 4 GIT by SUHANA MAHTAB https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3 en-us 2023-05-28 02:54:41 UTC 2025-11-07 00:42:33 UTC hello@padlet.com Trigger 1 norhazilahmd1_1 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607018185 2023-05-28 02:59:35 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607018185 TRIGGER 1 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607019161
  • 35-year-old man: adult. active lifestyle, stress
  • comes to the clinic: not severe, concern about symptom
  • diarrhea: increase fluid secretion, decrease fluid absorption. acute or chronic. infection - to decrease concentration of bacterial toxin.

    • organs: 
    whole GI tract

    ]]>     2023-05-28 03:04:25 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607019161     TRIGGER 1 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607019342 HOPI
    1. Site: abdominal pain
    2. Onset: when does it start
    3. Characteristic: contents (bloody diarrhea), volume, consistency (steatorrhea), colour, frequency
    4. Radiation: radiation of the pain
    5. Associated symptoms: Nausea,Vomiting, fever, weight loss, dehydration, flatulence, fatigue, loss of appetite, tenesmus
    6. Time: acute or chronic, intermittent, acute on chronic
    7. exacerbating factors: spicy foods, milk, gluten, antibiotic, laxatives,
    relieving factor: medication for anti-diarrhea, ORS, cikite'un
    8. Severity: scale 1-10


    PMH
    surgery, hospital administration, same symptoms in the past, metabolic syndrome, diabeter, hypertension

    Medication:
    antibiotic, immunosuppressant, chemotherapy

    Social history:
    travels, dietary habit, community outbreak, occupation (stress), smoking, drug abuse, alcohol

    Family history:
    similar symptoms, tumor history, metabolic syndrome]]>     2023-05-28 03:05:10 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607019342     TRIGGER 1 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607020579 ACUTE:
    • AGE
    • food poisoning 
    • Side effect of drugs (antibiotic, laxatives, NSAIDs)
    • food intolerance - milk, spicy foods
    • bacterial or viral infection (travelers diarrhea)
    •  food allergy

    CHRONIC
    • IBD (crohn's dss)
    • IBS
    • malabsorption syndrome
    • colon cancer

    ]]>     2023-05-28 03:12:22 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607020579     TRIGGER 1 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607024062 2023-05-28 03:28:14 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607024062 Trigger 2 norhazilahmd1_1 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607024081 2023-05-28 03:28:19 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607024081 TRIGGER 2 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607024085
  • 5 Bowel movements: diarrhea (Normal: 3x/week or 1-2x/day)
  • low-grade  fever: 37-38
    • ]]>     2023-05-28 03:28:20 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607024085     TRIGGER 2 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607025124
  • diarrhoea started about 2 days ago : Acute
  • loss of appetite: inflammation causing discomfort leading to loss of appetite
  • 20-minute drive to work he became nauseated and 
    diaphoretic: discomfort increase sympathetic activation
  • low-grade  fever; infection'
  •  abdominal cramping before one episode of vomiting: increase motility, electrolyte imbalance causing muscle spasm
  •   next 24 hours,  diarrhoea developed with 5 bowel movements: loss more fluid, progressively worsen
  • stool being watery and brown without any blood: excessive water loss. no Lower GI bleeding
  • eaten  only  food prepared at home for the last week: contaminated water, more hygiene
  • bus driver: increase risk of infection
  •  no known sick contacts: rule out poisoning
    • ]]>     2023-05-28 03:34:02 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607025124     TRIGGER 2: https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607028350 ACUTE:
    • AGE
    • food poisoning 
    • Side effect of drugs (antibiotic, laxatives, NSAIDs)
    • food intolerance - milk, spicy foods
    • bacterial or viral infection (travelers diarrhea)
    •  food allergy

    CHRONIC
    • IBD (crohn's dss)
    • IBS
    • malabsorption syndrome
    • colon cancer


    ]]>     2023-05-28 03:50:12 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607028350     TRIGGER 2 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607029247
  • vital signs (BP,HR,RR,Temperature)
  • BMI
  • PE (palpate abdomen, bowel sounds (auscultation))
    • investigation:
    • Stool culture, BUSE, serology, blood test, Urea test, 
    ]]>     2023-05-28 03:54:55 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607029247     TRIGGER 3 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607030171 2023-05-28 04:00:19 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607030171 Trigger 3 norhazilahmd1_1 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607030190 2023-05-28 04:00:24 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607030190 TRIGGER 3 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607030196 1. Temp. slightly high- indicates infection
    2. other vitals are normal
    3. abdomen is soft and diffusely tender on palpation- inflammation, pain not localized
    4. hyperactive  bowel  sounds  on  auscultation- inc. peristalsis, inc. content of bowel and motility
    5. rectal exam shows brown, heme-negative stool- (bile metabolism normal, no lower GI bleeding)
     


    ]]>     2023-05-28 04:00:29 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607030196     TRIGGER 3 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607030308 ACUTE:
    -AGE
    -bacterial or viral infection (travelers diarrhea)
     



    ]]>     2023-05-28 04:00:38 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607030308     TRIGGER 3 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607030438 investigation:
    • Stool culture, 
    • BUSE, 
    • serology, 
    • blood test, 
    • Urea test, 

    ]]>     2023-05-28 04:01:35 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607030438     TRIGGER 4 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607031846 2023-05-28 04:09:44 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607031846 TRIGGER 4 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607031858 1. C-reactive protein (CRP) - acute infection
    2. diagnosis of norovirus infection using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on a stool sample 
    - multiplex PCR - can detect many genes
    - most common organism that causes AGE 
    3.  acute viral gastroenteritis- self-limiting
    4.directions for oral rehydration- to treat dehydration
    5. reported sleeping for most of the afternoon and was well enough to return to work the next day- well rested

    ]]>     2023-05-28 04:09:50 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607031858     TRIGGER 4 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607031879 ACUTE:
    -AGE
    -bacterial or viral infection (travelers diarrhea)]]>     2023-05-28 04:09:55 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607031879     TRIGGER 4 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607031898 2023-05-28 04:10:02 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607031898 Trigger 4 norhazilahmd1_1 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607031931 2023-05-28 04:10:11 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607031931 LEARNING OUTCOMES norhazilahmd1_1 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607034654 2023-05-28 04:26:02 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607034654 REFERENCES norhazilahmd1_1 https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607034791 2023-05-28 04:26:55 UTC https://padlet.com/suhana066570/7pk5rd005dt2m4h3/wish/2607034791