HPRS 2300 by https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks Made with wonder en-us 2022-02-02 00:32:11 UTC 2025-10-26 14:37:35 UTC hello@padlet.com 1. The Two Divisions of the ANS: jessicagalindo3 https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2027819809 The autonomic nervous system is comprised of two divisions. The sympathetic pathway or fight or flight and the parasympathetic pathway or rest and digest. Above is a picture that shows the different functions of the organs and what pathway they link with.

Source]]> 2022-02-03 16:09:02 UTC https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2027819809 2. Neurotransmitters of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Pathways: jessicagalindo3 https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2027876623 Sympathetic Nervous System: Acetylcholin (ACH), Norepinephrine (NE), Epinephrine (EPI), Dopamine (DA).
Parasympathetic Nervous System: Acetylcholin (ACH)

Source: U2 ANS Part 1 & 2 Lectures]]> 2022-02-03 16:33:44 UTC https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2027876623 5. End Organ Responses jessicagalindo3 https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2028000081 Organ: Adrenal Medulla
  • Sympathetic Effect: Release of Epinephrine
  • Parasympathetic Effect: None
Organ: Arteries
  • Sympathetic Effect: Vasoconstriction
  • Parasympathetic Effect: Most arteries not supplied by these nerves
Organ: Heart
  • Sympathetic Effect: Increase heart rate and atrioventricular Conduction
  • Parasympathetic Effect: Decrease heart rate and Atrioventricular Conduction
Organ: Intestines
  • Sympathetic Effect: Decreased secretion and gastrointestinal motility
  • Parasympathetic Effect: Increased secretion and gastrointestinal motility
Organ: Eye
  • Sympathetic Effect: dilation 
  • Parasympathetic Effect: Constriction
Organ: Urinary Bladder
  • Sympathetic Effect: Relaxations 
  • Parasympathetic Effect: Contraction
Organ: Urinary Sphincter
  • Sympathetic Effect: Contraction
  • Parasympathetic Effect: Relaxations 

Source: Hitner Text
]]> 2022-02-03 17:28:22 UTC https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2028000081 4. Locations of ANS Receptors jessicagalindo3 https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2028156350 There are two receptor types in the autonomic nervous system: Cholinergic and Adrenergic.
  • There are two types of Cholinergic Receptors: Nicotinic and Muscarinic Receptors. Nicotinic receptors are found neuromuscular junctions (Nicotinic Muscle) and also found in neurons (Nicotinic Neural). Muscarinic receptors (stimulatory or Inhibitory) are found on cells of sweat glands innervated by Sympathetic and also cells in all parasympathetic effectors. 
  • There are two types of Adrenergic Receptors: Alpha and Beta Receptors. Adrenergic can be found on effector cells in the sympathetic nervous system along tissue and organs.


Source
]]> 2022-02-03 18:42:31 UTC https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2028156350 3. Locations Where NT are Released jessicagalindo3 https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2028211939 ACH-Acetylcholin:
  • Released at the ganglia and the postganglionic nerve endings in the parasympathetic nervous system. 
  • Released at the ganglia in the Symapthetic nervous system.
NE-Norepinephrine
  • Released in the postganglionic nerve endings in sympathetic nervous system.
EPI-Epinephrine
  • Released from the Adrenal Medulla during sympathetic stimulation.
Source Hitner Text

]]> 2022-02-03 19:11:34 UTC https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2028211939 6-7a. Sympathetic Drug Classifications and Drug Examples jessicagalindo3 https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2028248765 Adrenergic Agonists:
  • Alpha-1 Adrenergic Agonists
    • Alpha-1 stimulated
    • Increases Blood pressure and decongestant effect
    • ephedrine and phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine®)
  • Adrenergic Agonist
    • All alpha and Beta stimulated
    • increase blood pressure, cardiac stimulant, bronchodilator
    • epinephrine (Adrenalin®)
  • Beta-1 Adrenergic Agonists
    • stimulates D-1 in kidneys -> increases renal blood flow
    • Stimulates Beta-1 in heart -> increases cardiac output
    • stimulates alpha-1 -> increase Blood pressure
    • dobutamine
  • Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonists
    • beta-2 stimulated
    • causes bronchodilation and relaxation of smooth muscles of uterus
    • formoterol (Foradil®), albuterol (Proventil®/Ventolin®), terbutaline (Brethine®), salmeterol (Serevent®)
      Adrenergic Blocking Drugs:
  • Alpha-1 Adrenergic Blocking Drugs
    • Binds to Alpha-1 
    • Relaxes Smooth muscle, decreases Blood pressure, increases urine flow. 
    • prazosin (Minipress®), terazosin (Hytrin®), doxazosin (Cardura®)
  • Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Drugs
    • Beta-1 receptors blocked 
    • decreases cardiac output, decreases HR, decreases conduction, decreases blood pressure.
    • nonselective: nadolol (Corgard®), propanolol (Inderol®), timolol (Blocadren®)
    • Selective: atenolol (Tenormin®), metoprolol (Lopressor®)
Source: U2 ANS Part 1 Lecture
]]> 2022-02-03 19:32:01 UTC https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2028248765 6-7b. Parasympathetic Drug Classifications jessicagalindo3 https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2028261616 Cholinergic Agonists:
  • Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists
    • stimulates/binds to muscarinic
    • pupil Constrictions, decrease intraocular pressure, prevent constipation and urinary retention.
    • acetylcholine, pilocarpine (Pilocar®), bethanechol (Urecholine®)
  • Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists
    • Inhibits acetylcholinesterase
    • urinary retention and intestinal stasis
    • neostigmine (Prostigmin®)
Anticholinergics:
  • binds to cholinergic 
  • increases HR, decrease vagus nerve activity, Decreases GI secretions and motility, Bronchodilation.
  • atropine
]]> 2022-02-03 19:39:12 UTC https://padlet.com/jessicagalindo3/Bookmarks/wish/2028261616