-Scheduling and preparing material: individual writing folder (unfinished work, topics, list of completed writing pieces, writing skills, dates of teacher conference) 

- Teaching writing conventions: taught spelling, capitalization, punctuation, and other writing-related skills and the look for these skills in students’ writing period, providing feedback and instruction 

- monitor student progress (at least every 2 weeks)

- Elements of writing: planning, composing, revising, editing and publishing

- Computers to facilitate writing: make revisions and editing easier, increase amount and quality of revision, spell-checking features, neat printed copies, and easy error corrections

-other supports (enlarged lines, diff. writing utensils, visual model of sentence structure, highlight and student trace work, word processing program/talk to text)

-teacher models thinking process before writing (prewriting, publishing)

-Ideas: e-penpal, recipes, thank-you notes, to-do lists, written conversations, notes to teacher; group writing, shared writing, focus writing, paragraph frames, response logs, writing before reading

-brainstorming/ graphic organizer, visual to revise, visual to edit

-Spelling: pretest, study, posttest, individualized spelling lists, correct immediately after test (patterns), study and testing daily, students work together, 6-12 new words each week, small units, give feedback, maintain previous words