Benita Leung

Sharon Leung

Shiny Poon

https://chinapower.csis.org/education-in-china/

Importance of education in the development of China

http://en.moe.gov.cn/news/media_highlights/202306/t20230611_1063776.html

Education as a soft power resource

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023109443

https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_1966

https://en.planning.org.cn/upsc/heritage

https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3278103/chinese-students-face-more-national-defence-education-drive-raise-military-awareness

US and Chinese defense chiefs hold first in-person talks since 2022

https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/31/china/shangrila-dialogue-us-china-defense-chiefs-meeting-intl-hnk/index.html

China’s Defensive National Defense Policy in the New Era

http://eng.mod.gov.cn/xb/DefensePolicy/index.html

The Chinese government has implemented strict environmental policies aimed at protecting and expanding forested areas. This includes laws and regulations that promote sustainable forest management and penalize illegal logging.

China has allocated substantial resources to environmental conservation and forestry projects. This investment not only contributes to forest growth but also supports related industries, such as eco-tourism and sustainable forestry.

China actively participates in international environmental agreements and collaborations, enhancing its global standing and influence in environmental matters.

First for Economic Development, A well-educated population provides the skills necessary for a competitive workforce, driving productivity and economic growth.Education fosters creativity and innovation, essential for developing new technologies and improving existing processes.

Second for Social Stability Educated citizens are more likely to participate in democratic processes, leading to stronger governance and accountability.alao Education promotes understanding and tolerance among diverse groups, helping to reduce conflict and enhance social harmony.

Last for Human Capital,Higher education levels correlate with better job prospects, leading to reduced unemployment and poverty rates.and Education encourages adaptability and continuous learning, enabling individuals to respond to changing job markets and societal needs.

China exercises its national sovereignty to build infrastructure and deploy necessary defensive capabilities on the islands and reefs in the South China Sea, and to conduct patrols in the water of diaoyu islands in the East China Sea.

China is committed to resolving related disputes through negotiations with those states directly involved in the basis if respecting historical facts and international law and continues to work with regional countries to jointly maintain the peace and stability. China firmly upholds the freedom of navigation and overflight by all countries in accordance with international law and safeguards the security of sea lines of communication.

China should focus on expanding its renewable energy capacity, particularly solar and wind power, to reduce its reliance on fossil fuels and decrease carbon emissions. Investments in research and development can drive technological advancements and improve the efficiency of renewable energy systems.

Developing safe and efficient nuclear power plants can also provide a stable source of low-carbon energy to meet the country's growing electricity demand.

2. Raw Materials:

It is important to carry out strategic planning for securing metals and minerals necessary for high-tech industries and emerging technologies. China can invest in domestic mining projects or forming international partnerships to ensure a stable supply of these resources.

3. Water Resources:

Implementing water-saving technologies in agriculture, improving water distribution infrastructure, and promoting water recycling can help China mitigate water scarcity issues. Integrated water resource management strategies can balance urban, industrial, and agricultural water needs sustainably.

• Security of Assets

• Support for Research

2. Efficient Resource Management

• Allocation of Resources

• Enhanced Collaboration

3. Reducing Conflict and Uncertainty

• Legal Clarity

• Facilitating Cooperation

4. Supporting Economic Growth and Development

• Attracting Investment

• Balancing Economic and Environmental Needs

5. Promoting Technological Self-Reliance

• Encouraging Exploration and Innovation

A clear property rights system is crucial in facilitating a market-oriented economy by incentivising investment, ensuring efficient resource management, reducing conflicts, supporting economic growth, and promoting technological advancement. These elements are central to creating a robust economic environment where innovation and sustainable practices can thrive.

The intangible cultural heritage can also strengthen the hard power, economy of national strength. These intangible cultural heritage allows tourists to find out about new cultures and to experience the global difference of performing arts, handcrafts, rituals and cuisines further promoting the economy as traditions is the principal motivation for travelling.

But even with all this military power, the military expenditure of China is relatively low, only spending 236 billion USD compared to America who spent 842 billion USD on military expenditure despite only having 1,328,000 active personnel.

This shows how efficient China is at regulating their military expenditure, and the low military expenditure of China means that the nation can use their resources on developing other aspects of the nation, for example, developing technology to increase overall national strength and giving the people of China a higher quality of life.

And as for the equipment, China has a similar amount to that of the USA in terms of ground forces, naval power and air power. This shows that China has one of the strongest military powers in the world and that it is able to safeguard its sovereignty. With the firm leadership of the CPC, a correct political direction was ensured, which led the army to become a world-class army, significantly enhancing the national defence of China. Additionally, the expansion of naval power and the strengthened Belt and Road Security were also important strategies that lead to the strong national defence. 

In conclusion, we think that the national defence of China is impressive, powerfully built, outstanding and well maintained.