-providing access to these green spaces is part of the UN Sustainable Goal

-positively affect human activity, psychological health, and air quality, and reduce exposure to noise, increased risk of injury due to increased recreational sports

-reduce noise pollution

-reducing urban heat island effect

-would help address problems "upstream" in a preventative way

-Increasing the access and the amount of urban green spaces in Manilla would prove to be beneficial to environmental sustainability, due to Manila's noise pollution and bad air quality from traffic.

-Similarly to the first source, this source believes that a solution to traffic congestion is to encourage biking and other sustainable ways of transportation. Also, the creation of non-motorized roads only for bikes would encourage the use of bikes as it would allow for more usefulness.

-However, this source also contends the use of public transportation, like jeepneys, which have high cultural significance and can be used as a way to reduce the number of cars on the street, reducing traffic, and in turn, reducing pollution. This ultimately allows for better environmental sustainability.

-The challenges for urban green spaces include the limited use in developing cities, the lack of "lack of integrated strategies, green-engineering design and instrumented monitoring, management best practices and incentives to change."

-shows the perspective of those being forced to be relocated, giving specific interviews with these settlers

-some settlers have doubts of the government's relocation plans while also not wanting to leave the communities they've built. They also have no guarantees of jobs at the new homes

-gives the action steps to how they plan to clean Manila Bay, most notably including the "relocation of informal settlers" who build slums adjacent to the bad

-The reason for this relocation is due to Manila's vulnerability to natural disasters like floods, landslides, and typhoons, meaning people's lives are in danger.

-These informal settlers are also seen as the major contributor to pollution in the bay, so relocating them would reduce pollution.

-Shows the current approach the Manila Government is taking for improving the water quality

-this source provides another solution, the use of a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), a public transportation which has its own designated roadways.

-The current Manila Public Transport is outdated in the sense that it doesn't efficiently span the dense areas of Metro Manila, as they have long wait times and lack of availability, which causes more people to turn to using personal cars.

-With its designated roadways, BRTs are efficient at gettting from stop to stop which is reflected in its widespread use its developing urban cities.

-Climate change disproportionately affects the poor as they already have limited access to food security -> it is important to create resilient food systems which can withstand adversity from climate and change and other problems.

-These resilient food systems could implement environmental sustainability, like the reduction of fertilizer use, better water infiltration, decreasing urban heat island effect, and enabling the reuse of organic wastes which limits methane production.

-the use of constructed wetlands could serve as a way to improve the water quality through natural processes with wetland soils and vegetation.

-also, the implementation of a "Polluter Pays" programs would be efficient in reducing the pollution made by factories by fining those that pollute waterways

-Thus to combat Manila's highly congested traffic, there needs to be a shift into environmentally friendly ways of transportation like biking and walking. Thus, the creation of footpaths would be beneficial to reduce carbon emissions.