- Under Neil Kinnock, socialists saw in Delors' social Europe agenda (especially the Working Time Directive) a protective shield against Thatcher's domestic policies
- John Smith's leadership boosted the party's turn to a more pro-EU stance.
- Smith - Major wanting to turn Britain into "the sweat-shop" of the EU.
- Criticised John Major for using the EU to create a low wage economy (cheap migrant labour). Lowering living for British working class

Michael foot's Labour party pledged to take the UK out of the EC (the left)

Leaders of British trade unions saw in Delors social european agenda a protective shield against Thatcher's domestic policy

john smiths leadership, following on from Kinnock, took a more pro eu stance

- Britain signed up to the 'social chapter' and gave British workers a series of benefits, a left-wing reason to be in the EU.

- Blair wanted the EU to be a superpower not a superstate (or so he said).

- Labour's enduring attachment to NATO and Atlantic-ism. Britain is uniquely placed in-between the EU and the US. Maximising smart power.
-Democratic peace thesis, interconnected countries don't fight with one another.  

- Labour split on the Euro. Brown did not want it. Didn't meet his '5' economic tests. Not strong enough, too unstable, too diverse,  national pride, German dominance, national sovereignty over monetary policy. Blair supported it, as it created a strong single market across the continent. 

2. Brown said no to the EMU because it didn't meet his tests. Although many MPs backed it including Blair.

3. Blair didn't like the Council of Ministers because they don't discuss new ideas. Too stuck in old forms of working and not willing to modernise. 

4. 2014 manifesto Ed Milliband said there would be no further transfer of power to EU without consultation of people. acknowledging euroscepticism in the UK. 

5. Blair had a focus on maintaining national vetos when negotiating Lisbon

2) uk in EU monetary system and more political development of the Eu (General support of the EU)

3) emphasise the importance of an international community, sharing of social and economic burdens.

4) 1979 manifesto - Supporting closer integration of defence, security and weapons procurement policies within the Atlantic Alliance as the most effective way of utilizing scarce resources.

5) close relations with the middle east and US. Improving Britain's standing in the world. Improving international integration.

The party has advocated a referendum on whether or not to join the Euro since the 1990s. This was for democratic purposes. 

There was some right-wing Euro-scepticism from rural areas (but insignificant)

The 1997 manifesto focused on economic benefits of the single market which was a shift from their earlier beliefs

Supported the use of PR in EU elections as this was more representative and democratic. Also more likely to lead to lib dem success. 

2009- Clegg pledges to hold EU membership referendum

2010- pledge to hold referendum if there are any more treaty changes . This is because of the lib dems commitment to democracy. 

2014- coalition with conservatives causes a block to the EU referendum bill due to disagreement.Worried about leaving. Right wing press would provide misleading inappropriate stories which would corrupt the vote.

Lib Dems encourage coalition and federal systems. This prevents overly powerful governments. Strong rule of law also helps. You need a separation of powers. A constitution is also useful and the EU goes part of the way?    

- Against a hard Brexit, for economic reason wants to sat in single market and customs union. 

- Campaign/petition to call for a second referendum in 2018 

- Beveridge group like the positive freedoms provided by the union. This is done through social security rights.
- Orange book group like the economically liberal elements of the single market. 

2- Overall the party was still softly Eurosceptic, with Major negotiating Maastricht opt outs for the Social Charter and single currency in 1991

3- However the ratification of Maastricht was made more difficult when the UK was forced to withdraw from the ERM in 1992- Black Wednesday fuelled Euroscepticism and the belief that further integration would negatively effect the UK.

4- Having to balance different factions of his party, Major took a view of 'wait and see' regarding membership of the Single Currency

5- Major was in a no win situation- Eurosceptics such as Lamont believed joining would give too much sovereignty to ECB and accused him of 'sleep walking into monetary union'. Whereas pro-european integration members of his party such as Ted Heath (functionalists) supported the single currency to complete a true single market