Group Assignment by Afiq https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif en-us 2023-03-07 05:56:47 UTC 2023-03-16 04:54:18 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f437.png cm8xwn9nvc https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2506566134 Over the many years, this planet has seen itself to be taken advantage of by humans for it's natural resources and ecosystems and as a result, the quality of life has taken a significant dip due to the rise of climate crises and struggling efforts to combat against it.

All of this is due to those in the business field who conduct unethical business activities all for the sake of monetary benefit. With that said, this wiki will be going through and analysing multiple research articles to elaborate more on the subject of specific climate issues and its link to business ethics. ]]> 2023-03-07 09:06:14 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2506566134 Afiq cm8xwn9nvc https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2507804928 "Toxic Atmospheres Air Pollution, Trade and the Politics of Regulation" by Reece Walters in 2010 goes in depth about the concerns of climate crises and more specifically, air pollution. Starting off by mentioning that a link between premature deaths and air pollution has already been well established, Walters (2010) states that over 2 million people a year lose their life to toxic polluted air with studies showing Brazil, USA, China, Japan, and Indonesia to be the most polluted countries in the world.

Dubbed as "eco-crime", the reasoning for the mass distribution of polluted air is due to several organisations exploiting the planet's ecosystem and resources for the sake of their financial benefit (Walters, 2010).

Due to the mass efforts of the ordinary people spreading awareness of the climate situation through methods of boycotts and protests, many organisations had implemented counter measures to reduce the effects of air pollution with the introduction of biofuel, solar housing, low emission zones, educational awareness and renewable resources (Walters, 2010).


]]> 2023-03-08 01:25:52 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2507804928 What are the real-world ethical challenges found in the collective research? cm8xwn9nvc https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2507813116 ‘Processes and consequences in business ethical dilemmas: the oil industry and climate change’ by Marc, L. Menestrel. Sybille, V. Hove & Henri-Claude, D. Bettignies. In this article they discuss ethical issues that are related to the oil industries and their impacts on the environment and climate change. More specifically GreenHouse Gases (GHGs), which are gases in the earth's atmosphere that trap heat. The impacts of greenhouse gases include, the flooding of coastal cities, the desertification of fertile areas, the melting of glacial masses which raise the sea levels and major habitat loss and environmental damages, as well as proliferation of devastating hurricanes, these are just some of the consequences of GHGs. There are some solutions to this issue for example stopping and reducing the amount of oil business and switching to more sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies. For example switching from petrol and diesel cars to electric reduces your environmental footprint. In other articles by Reece Walters in 2010 "Toxic Atmospheres Air Pollution, Trade and the Politics of Regulation". & ‘Business, Ethics and Global Climate Change’ written in 2005 by Daniel G. Arnold and Keith Bustos. They explain similar if not worse impacts of climate change and taking action in order to stop pollution. These articles identify similar real-world ethical issues, which elucidate how industries such as manufacturing industries, mining, and coal- and gas-fired power stations, are one of the main causes of air pollution, GHGs and its impacts on society and the environment.]]> 2023-03-08 01:32:12 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2507813116 How do these ethical challenges relate to and impact UNSDG 13 cm8xwn9nvc https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2507813404 UNSDG - united nations sustainable development goal number thirteen. Climate action is about changing the world and taking immediate action in order to stop climate change. The oil industry which contributes a 3rd of the total world carbon emissions. burn fossil fuel which then in turn creates more GHGs. GHGs are one of the major contributors to our global climate crisis. This then leads those industries that have been making a huge profit to make an ethical decision whether to stay narrow minded and keep making s profit or to take a broader view stance and change to more sustainable technologies and ideas which would help better the environment and stop climate change.


]]> 2023-03-08 01:32:28 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2507813404 cm8xwn9nvc https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2508022827 For anyone who's looking to assist in achieving the goals of UNSDG 13, the types of employment that they would be desiring for would obviously be around climate action so here are a few examples of what jobs would seem suitable:]]> 2023-03-08 04:31:36 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2508022827 SDG 13 Goals: cm8xwn9nvc https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511122683 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries

- Integrate and implement climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning

- Improve awareness raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaption, impact, and early warning

- Implement the commitment undertaken by developed countries to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change

- Promote mechanisms for raising capacity for effective climate change-related planning and management”
(Doni et al., 2020)]]> 2023-03-10 01:25:04 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511122683 Consultant Environmental Planner cm8xwn9nvc https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511181209 Oversee and approve the delivery of environmental projects such as:
 - Construction management
 - Mine sites
 - Waste Management facilities

Essential requirements for this job would be:
 - Full understanding of the state environmental legislation and policies
 - Tertiary qualification from a recognised institution that is relevant to the field
 - Experience in construction

https://www.epicenvironmental.com.au/saa_09032023_con_pln/]]> 2023-03-10 02:11:53 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511181209 Senior Environment Officer cm8xwn9nvc https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511183560 In this role, you are required to manage the waterways, lagoons, and beaches.

Additionally, this role also requires for strategic planning and management on:
- Storm management and response
- Water quality monitoring
- Resilience towards climate change.
- Bushland regeneration and protection
- Restoration and control of threatened and invasive species

To be eligible for this role, you would need to have similar or prior experience in environmental management, and possess the ability to think critically for strategies and restoration plans.

https://environmentaljobs.com.au/jobs/senior-environment-officer-coast

]]> 2023-03-10 02:13:56 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511183560 Sustainability Advisor (Vacationer Program) cm8xwn9nvc https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511205058 In this role, you will be discussing with the company clients over their environmental and climate contribution, and advising them on how they could reduce their negative environmental footprint whilst staying as a sustainable business.

Additionally, you will ensure that the companies you are working with are operating under the health and safety obligations and policies.

In order to be eligible for this role, you'd have to obtain a degree in either a business or environmental field. Additionally, desirable qualities would be:
- Excellent written and oral communication skills
- Team Player
- Creative and Critical thinking

https://jobs.deloitte.com.au/job/Melbourne-Sustainability-&-Climate-Change-202324-Vacationer-Program-%28Melbourne%29-VIC/936719210/&jobPipeline=Indeed&utm_source=Indeed&utm_medium=organic&utm_campaign=Indeed?source=Indeed]]> 2023-03-10 02:31:38 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511205058 Strategy Consultant cm8xwn9nvc https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511339552 Working in this position requires you to design and implement strategies and solutions for businesses and governments to transition to a more eco-friendly organisation as a solution for climate change. 

For example, a task in this role would be to identify carbon emission points and strategising on a plan to reduce it.

To be qualified for this role, you would have to have:
- Logical and Creative Thinking
- Passion for the field and organisation
- Excellent with People and Collaborative Work
- A strong drive for commercial and societal outcomes

https://jobs.deloitte.com.au/job/Melbourne-Strategy-Consulting-Climate-and-Sustainability-202324-Graduate-Program-%28Melbourne%29-VIC/936730810/&jobPipeline=Indeed&utm_source=Indeed&utm_medium=organic&utm_campaign=Indeed?source=Indeed]]> 2023-03-10 04:40:51 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511339552 cm8xwn9nvc https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511349210 Federica Doni, Gasperini, A., & João Torres Soares. (2020). SDG13 - Climate Action. Emerald Group Publishing.

Walters, R. (2010). Toxic Atmospheres Air Pollution, Trade and the Politics of Regulation. Critical Criminology, 18(4), 307–323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10612-010-9119-3]]> 2023-03-10 04:52:16 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511349210 UNSDG 13: Climate Action cm8xwn9nvc https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511350652 In order to fully discuss this subject however, this wiki will first have to unpack everything there is to know about the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 13 or otherwise known as UNSDG 13 which is all about taking action towards preventing the climate crises and restoring the planet. 

Doni et al. (2020) states that UNSDG 13 consists a list of 5 critical goals that every nation must acknowledge and achieve, with those goals being:]]> 2023-03-10 04:53:48 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2511350652 Zac: connza923 https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2512692877 The debate surrounding the existence of global climate change has been prevalent for many years but it has recently had a change from its existence to its solution. The article ‘Business, Ethics and Global Climate Change’ written in 2005 by Daniel G. Arnold and Keith Bustos explores global climate change and also the UNSDG climate action, the article references what businesses should be or not be doing to aid this ever-growing crisis. Stephen Gardiner notes that despite the magnitude of global climate change the ethics surrounding it is severely underdeveloped. Currently the debate is at what level should businesses be held responsible and whether or not it should become a legal issue or remain an ethical issue. There are currently many known solutions and climate actions that are available such as responsible disposal of waste and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The article deeply explores the negative impact of gas emissions by businesses and it explores the climate action that businesses can and should take to help the environment. Atmospheric greenhouse gasses (GHGs) such as methane, carbon dioxide and others trap radiation as they leave the atmosphere which retains heat much like that of the glass of a greenhouse, and even though these resources are abundant on earth the actions of people and more importantly businesses have had a negligible effect on the amount of these GHGs produced. The amount of GHG’s produced by humans has surpassed the amount that the earth can naturally expel. The article references Norman Bowie who argues that no moral agent has the right to do harm upon another but that does not apply to indirect effects such as climate action.

]]> 2023-03-11 14:17:49 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2512692877 connza923 https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2512884778  

 

Arnold, D. G. and Bustos, K. (2005). Business, Ethics, and Global Climate Change. Business & Professional Ethic, Journal, 24(2), 103-130. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27801374

 

Marc L. M. et al (2002). Journal of business ethics, 41(3), 251- 266. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25074922

 

William, H. S. et al (2020). Moral issues in business, 4(13), 54- 60. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vu/detail.action? docID=6511766.

]]> 2023-03-11 22:56:54 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2512884778 connza923 https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2512886340 An article written by Marc, L. Menestrel. Sybille, V. Hove & Henri-Claude, D. Bettignies called ‘Processes and consequences in business ethical dilemmas: the oil industry and climate change’ supports previously mentioned articles about the effects businesses are having on the atmosphere but from and oil industry standard as opposed to GHG’s. What happens when corporate interests run counter to social good? there is a huge debate surrounding responsibilities of businesses and whether or not they should be held accountable for their actions and whether they have a social reasonability Hove (2002), on one side we have those that support the theory of narrow view which state that businesses have no other obligation than earning profit. On the other side there is the broad view which states that businesses have a social contract and should assist with the social goals such as climate action. Oil companies are another prominent example within the pollution sector and currently businesses are going through the ethical dilemma of deciding on which side they stand on. Oil has a negative impact on the environment, not just in the air but also in the sea. Businesses dispose of their waste as cheaply as possible and that usually leads to it entering the sea or landfills which will inevitably become completely irreversible, as Sen explains (1986). The debate is between economic gain and social good the issues is that usually these two run counter to each other meaning its hard to maintain one without disregarding the other, some of the toxins that enter the air that are caused by oil have been confirmed to cause cancer yet it seems even with this knowledge businesses choose to focus solely on their bottom line instead of helping the cause. Many believe that businesses should be held to a higher responsibility due to the influence and economic power they possess and I believe that’s true but I think it should be governed externally or be changed from an ethical stand point to a legal on therefor removing the risk factor of relying on a businesses morals and ethical practices. 

]]> 2023-03-11 23:03:19 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2512886340 vritti22 https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2513102269 US EPA. (2012). Actions You Can Take to Reduce Air Pollution | Ground-level Ozone | New England | US EPA. Epa.gov. https://www3.epa.gov/region1/airquality/reducepollution.html
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]]> 2023-03-12 11:15:56 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2513102269 vritti22 https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2513103881 In order to best combat the effects of air pollution there are a number of things that we can do. However, to be successful with our approach we should do few or more of the options listed below:

  • "Conserve energy - at home, at work, everywhere.
  • Look for the ENERGY STAR label when buying home or office equipment.
  • Carpool, use public transportation, bike, or walk whenever possible.
  • Follow gasoline refueling instructions for efficient vapor recovery, being careful not to spill fuel and always tightening your gas cap securely.
  • Consider purchasing portable gasoline containers labeled “spill-proof,” where available.
  • Keep car, boat, and other engines properly tuned.
  • Be sure your tires are properly inflated.
  • Use environmentally safe paints and cleaning products whenever possible.
  • Mulch or compost leaves and yard waste.
  • Consider using gas logs instead of wood." US EPA. (2012). Actions You Can Take to Reduce Air Pollution | Ground-level Ozone | New England | US EPA. Epa.gov. https://www3.epa.gov/region1/airquality/reducepollution.html
    ‌
These steps are ones that all individuals can take, as the fight against air pollution is one that we are all involved in and responsible for. 
]]> 2023-03-12 11:19:17 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2513103881 Callum brooksbro360 https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2513128853 ‘Processes and consequences in business ethical dilemmas: the oil industry and climate change’ by Marc, L. Menestrel. Sybille, V. Hove & Henri-Claude, D. Bettignies. Explains the link between oil industries and climate change, as well as the businesses behaviours and how they react to and face ethical dilemmas to show the importance of business activities and how they can have a huge impact on society and the environment and how business and industries take corporate social responsibility for the impacts. The article goes into detail about greenhouse gases (GHGs), which are gases that trap heat in the earth's atmosphere causing huge environmental impacts. The businesses decisions of self-interest or social responsibility. The article then goes on to say whether the industries are communicating in good faith or bad faith, if they say one and do the other, for example the say there going to reduce their carbon net emission by a certain year and when the time comes they choose their self-interests of the greater good, or in good faith where they say their gonna do something and do it, they stop burning fossil fuels, and polluting the air and switch to a more sustainable way of life.]]> 2023-03-12 12:14:25 UTC https://padlet.com/cm8xwn9nvc/79el9glr4po3hhif/wish/2513128853