Antibiotics (worksheet 2) by Sharifah Najwa bt Syed Mohamad https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu Remember there are different doses for adults and paediatrics. For paediatrics, the doses are usually weight dependent. In the NAG (2019), paeds doses can be referred to from page 233 onwards. en-us 2023-04-16 16:43:42 UTC 2025-09-30 12:53:35 UTC hello@padlet.com Group 6 (Exercise 1) https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612391694 Exercise 1

I. Streptococcus pyogene 
2. Penicillin V 250mg QID, T amoxicillin 500mg BD, IM Penicillin G 1200000u
3. 10 days
4. T Cephalexin 500mg BD 10 days, T Clindamycin 300mg TDS 10days]]> 2023-06-02 01:41:20 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612391694 Group 6 (Exercise 2) https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612396982 Exercise 2

1. Infection that develops in healthy men or women with completely normal genitourinary symptoms 
2. E. coli
3. T nitrofurantoin 100mg QID, T bactrim 1/1 BD 
4. 5-7 days female male longer 10-14 days]]> 2023-06-02 01:47:07 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612396982 Exercise 4 G3 https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612401809 2023-06-02 01:52:04 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612401809 Exercise 3 G3 https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612402456 2023-06-02 01:52:43 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612402456 Group 1 (Exercise 1) https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612403569 1. Streptococcus Pyogene (GAS) 
2. Beta lactamase 
a) Phenoxymethylpenicillin (penicillin V) 500mg PO QID 
b) Amoxicillin 500mg PO TDS 
c) Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate 800mg PO BD 
3. Recommended duration 5-10 days 
4. Alternative if penicillin allergy 
- Cephalexin 25-50mg/kg/dat PO in 2 divided dose for 10 days
- Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate 40-50mg/kg/day PO in 3-4 divided doses for 10 days 

References 
1. National Antimicrobial Guideline 2019 
2. Sykes EA, Wu V, Beyea MM, Simpson MTW, Beyea JA. Pharyngitis: Approach to diagnosis and treatment. Can Fam Physician. 2020 Apr;66(4):251-257.
]]> 2023-06-02 01:53:49 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612403569 Group 6 (Exercise 3) https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612405070 Exercise 3

1. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Chlamydia trachomatis 
2. Chloramphenicol 0.5 % eye drop QID
3. Virus (HSV, adenovirus), allergens (smoke, pollen, dust, perfumes, cosmetics), chemicals (acid/alkali)]]> 2023-06-02 01:55:14 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612405070 Group 6 ( Exercise 4) https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612405309 1. Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Haemophilus Influenza 
2. Tab. Augmentin 625mg BD for 10-14 days/ CMC Chloramphenicol 5% ]]> 2023-06-02 01:55:25 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612405309 https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612406700 Exercise 3(g4)

Causes: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, or, less commonly, Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoe
Abx: chloramphenicol 0.5% eye drop QID for 1 week
Chloramphenicol ointment ON 1 week

Exercise 4(g4)

Causes: Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae
Abx: Tab amoxicillin 500mg tds for 5 days or
Tab cefuroxime 500mg BD for 5 days

2nd line: Tab amoxicillin+clavulanate 500/125 mg TDS for 5 days]]> 2023-06-02 01:56:42 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612406700 Group 4 Exercise 1 https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612407171
1) Group A Beta Haemolytic Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes)
2) 
- Penicillin V 500 mg TDS/QID
- Benzathine penicillin 1.2 megaunit IM 
- Amoxicillin 250mg - 500 mg TDS
3) 6 to 10 days
4) 
- Erythromycin 400 mg 6 hourly 
- Clindamycin 150 mg - 300 mg QID 6 hourly 
- Cephalexin 1 - 4 g OD

Exercise 2
1) Infection that develops in healthy men or women with completely normal genitourinary system
2) E coli
3) 
- Nitrofurantoin 50 - 100 mg PO q6h
- Cephalexin 500 mg PO q12h
4) 3 to 5 days
- Female: 50 - 100 mg QID for 3 days
- Male: 50 - 100 mg QID for 7 days

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5039527/#:~:text=This%20suggests%2C%20when%20prescribing%20empirically,and%20seven%20days%20for%20males]]> 2023-06-02 01:57:06 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612407171 Group 3 https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612408702 Exercise 1
1. Streptococcus pyogene 
2. T. Penicillin 25-50mg/kg/day for 10 days
T. Amoxicillin 50mg/kg/day for 10 days
T. Erythromycin 40-50mg/kg/day
3. 5-10 days
4. Cephalexin 25-50mg kg/day PO for 10 days in divided doses
Clindamycin 150-300mg kg/day 6 hourly



]]> 2023-06-02 01:58:35 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612408702 Group 1 (Exercise 2) https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612411346 1.  Infection that develop in healthy men or women with completely normal genitourinary system 
2. Escherichia coli 
3. 2 first line antibiotic for uncomplicated UTI 
a) Nitrofurantoin 50-100mg PO QID for 5 days 
b) Cephalexin 500mg PO BD for 3-5days 
4. Recommended duration: 5 days. There is no difference between male and women 

References 
1. National Antimicrobial Guidelines 2019 
2. Medscapes: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) and Cystitis (Bladder Infection) in Females -- https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/233101-overview
]]> 2023-06-02 02:00:54 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612411346 GROUP 1 (EXERCISE 3) by Intan omey omey https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612411396
 1. Bacterial aetiologies for conjunctivitis
a) Staphylococcus aureus
b) Streptococcus pneumoniae
c) Haemophilus influenzae

 2. Eyedrop Chloramphenicol 0.5% QID for 1 week
 3. Neisseria gonorrhea / Chlamydia trachomatis

Ref : National Antimicrobial Guidelines (2019)
]]> 2023-06-02 02:00:57 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612411396 Group 3 (exercise 2) https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612411749 i) uncomplicated UTI involve urinary bladder as a host without underlying renal abnormality and metabolic disease

ii) Escherichia Coli 

iii) Tab Nitrofurantoin 50-100mg BD for 5 days
Tab Cephalexin 500mg BD 3-5 days

iv) Female 5-7 days, Male 10-14 days (because male UTI is usually complicated UTI)


References:  NAG, medscape UTI 

]]> 2023-06-02 02:01:14 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612411749 GROUP 5 https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612411994 EXERCISE 1

i) Most episodes of pharyngitis are viral. However, if it is bacterial infection, what is the most common bacterial aetiology?

Streptococcal pyogenes

ii) Which antibiotic group is the first line (primary) antibiotic treatment for this condition recommended by the current guidelines? Name three antibiotic options. State the dose and frequency of the treatment.  
• Tab Amoxicillin 500 mg TDS 5 to 10 d
• Tab Phenoxymethyl penicillin 500 mg QID 5 to 10 d
• IM benzthine penicillin 1.2 MU, single dose.

iii) What is the recommended duration of the treatment?
• 5 to 10 days

iv) If the patient is allergic to the above antibiotic group, what are the other alternative antibiotics? Name two antibiotic options. (Include the dose and frequency).
• Tab erythromycin ethylsuccinate 800 mg BD 5 to 10 d
• C Clindamycin HCL 300 mg QID 10 days

Exercise 2

i) Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in the primary care setting. How do you define uncomplicated UTI?

Infection that are develop in healthy man or women, with completely normal genitourinary sys.

ii) What is the commonest bacterial aetiology for UTI?

Escherichia coli

iii) State two first-line antibiotic therapies for uncomplicated UTI? Give the dose and frequency. 
• Tab Nitrofurantoin monohydrate 100 mg QID 5 to 7 days
• Tab Sulfamethoxazole 400mg Trimetoprim 80mg (bactrim) BD 3 days
iv) What is the recommended duration of the treatment? Is there any difference for men and women?
• Nitrofurantoin in male 7 days while female 3 days only

EXERCISE 3

There are several causes of conjunctivitis. If it is bacterial conjunctivitis, list down the bacterial aetiologies of this condition.
• Strep aureus
• Strep pneumonae
• H. Influenza
What are the eye-drops and eye ointments available at the health centres? How do you prescribe these medications?  
• Chloramphenicol 0.5% eye drop QID
What are other aetiologies of conjunctivitis?
• Neisseria Gonorrhea
• Chlamydia trachomitis
• Corynebacterium diphteria
• Adenovirus
 
Exercise 4

Acute otitis media commonly occurs in children. If it is bacterial infection, name two types of bacteria which commonly cause this condition.
• H. Influenza
• Strep. Pneumonia
• Moraxella catarrhalis
What is the first-line antibiotic therapy for acute otitis media? How do you prescribe the antibiotic? (dose, frequency, route and duration).
• C amoxicillin 500 mg TDS 5 to 7 days (adult) If child syrup augmentin 25/kg/day in 2 divided dose

]]> 2023-06-02 02:01:27 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612411994 G2 https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612412999 exercise 1 
1) Group A Streptococcus pyogenes
2) - Tab Penicillin 500 mg QID x 5-10 days 
- Tab Amoxicillin 500mg TDS x 5-10 days
- IM Benzathine Penicillin 1.2 MU one single dose 
3) 5-10 days 
4) Tab Erythromycin 800mg BD x 5-10 days
Tab Cephalexin 25-50 mg/kg per day in two divided doses x 10days 

exercise 2
1) infection in normal genitourinary systems 
2) - E.coli 
3) Tab Nitrofurantoin 50-100 mg QID x 5days 
Tab Cephalexin 500mg BD x 3-5days (cystitis) 
Tab Amoxicillin 625mg TDS x 14days 
Tab Ampicillin 375-750 mg BD x 14 days (pyelonephritis) 
4) Tab Nitrofurantoin 
- female 3days 
- male 7 days
 
Exercise 3
Bacterial aetiologies :
Staphlococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumonia, haemophilus influenza

Tx:
Chloramphenicol 0.5% eyedrop QID
Ciprofloxacin  0.3% eyedrop QID

Other aetiologies:
Herpes simplex virus
Acanthamoeba sp.
Toxoplasma gondii
Cytomegalovirus

exercise 4 
1) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
Haemophilus influenza 
2) Tab Amoxicillin 500mg TDS x 5days]]> 2023-06-02 02:02:23 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612412999 Group 1 (Exercise 4) https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612414307 1. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza, 
2. Amoxicillin 500mg PO, TDS for 5 days

Reference: 
1. National Antimicrobial Guidelines 2019
]]> 2023-06-02 02:03:34 UTC https://padlet.com/fammed202223groupB/74evxke7w6n6k0uu/wish/2612414307