The US Manhattan Project successfully tested the first atomic bomb with the test code "Trinity" in New Mexico.

Aug., 6 1945

The US dropped the atomic bomb "Little Boy" in Japanese city Hiroshima.

Aug., 9 1945

The US dropped the atomic bomb "Fat Man" in Japanese city Nagasaki, which directly led to the end of the WWII in the Pacific that Japan immediately surrendered.

Sputnik 1, the first man-made satellite, was launched, which symbolizes the beginning of the space race between the US and the USSR.

The International Atomic Energy Agency, or IAEA. was established in Vienna, Austria.

France became the world’s fourth nuclear power.

The United States establishes the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to combat the Soviet space program and fight the "missile gap" and superior Soviet technology. During this year, 100 nuclear tests are carried outby the three nuclear powers.

Luna 1 was launched by the USSR.

• A yield is a measure of how explosive/energy given out in explosion. Measured in TNT.

July 20th - US submarine USS George Washington successfully launches a Polaris missile from underwater.

November 15 - USS George Washington and its 16 Polaris A1s begin their first patrol.
U.S. deploys the Atlas and Titan ICBMs.

September 1 - USSR resumes nuclear testing.

September 15 - US resumes nuclear testing.

October 31 - USSR explodes the world's largest nuclear bomb, with a yield of 58 megatons.

July 6 - Project Sedan, a "Plowshare Program test", is conducted; formed a 1,280-foot diameter by 320 foot deep crater.

July 8 - Electromagnetic pulse from high-altitude nuclear test turns off street lights in Oahu, Hawaii.

October 16 to 28 - The Cuban Missile Crisis occurs. The closest the world has ever come to nuclear war.

August 5 - Limited Test Ban Treaty signed by the US, USSR and the UK, prohibiting tests of nuclear devices in the atmosphere, outer space and underwater.

September 24 - First French atomic bomb tested at Muruoa Atoll.
U.S. Minuteman ICBM enters service.

February 14 - Treaty of Tlatelolco signed, creates a Latin America nuclear-weapons-free zone.

June 17 - First hydrogen bomb test by the Chinese, with a yield of 3.3 megatons.

August 24 - France tests its first hydrogen bomb at Fangataufa Atoll in the South Pacific. It has a yield of 2.6 megatons.

November to December - Preliminary Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT) talks take place in Helsinki, Finland.

Above Snipshot depicts the developement of ICBMs through this period (60s)

August 19 - U.S. deploys the first missile with multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs).

*the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty limits the countries’ deployment of missile defense systems to their national capital and one ICBM site, and SALT I, which restricts their number of nuclear missile silos and submarine-launched missile tubes for a five-year period. SALT I does not address strategic bombers or warhead arsenals.

November: SALT II treaty negotiations begin.

In November 24, President Ford and General Secretary Brezhnev sign the Vladivostok Accord, agreeing to limit the number of strategic launchers and MIRV launchers.

Khrushchev established the Warsaw Pact, and its members devised plans to wage nuclear war against NATO.