Fosfor - Neophodan, a opasan by Riad Elezovic https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52 Asja Elezović I-b en-us 2025-02-20 12:57:28 UTC 2025-02-21 19:33:07 UTC hello@padlet.com https://media0.giphy.com/media/q3Yd4oczhE2iGQFDR9/giphy.gif riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336023796

  • Element : Fosfor

  • Latinski naziv : Phosphorus

  • Simbol : P

  • Hemijska skupina : Nemetal

  • Redni broj (Z) : 15

  • Atomska masa : 30,9737

  • Grupa : 15

  • Perioda : 3

  • Broj protona (p) : 15

  • Broj elektrona (e) : 15

  • Broj neutrona (n⁰) : 16



]]> 2025-02-20 13:46:43 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336023796 riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336041647

  • Fosfor je jedini element 15. grupe periodnog sistema kojeg u prirodi nema u slobodnom stanju.Nalazi se u stijenama,u sastavu mnogih minerala i u tlu,gdje nastaje razgradnjom stijena ili biljnih ostataka.

    • ]]>     2025-02-20 13:57:39 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336041647     Fizičke osobine fosfora riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336108197

  • Tačka topljenja : oko 44°C

  • Tačka ključanja : 280°C

  • Gustoća : zavisi od alotropske modifikacije ,bijeli fosfor - 1,82 g/cm3

    crveni fosfor- 2,69 g/cm3

  • Agregatno stanje pri sobnoj temperaturi : čvrsto

  • Boja :Fosfor ima 4 alotropske modifkacije a to su bijeli,crveni,crni i ljubičasti fosfor.


    • ]]>     2025-02-20 14:35:38 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336108197     Provodi li električnu struju? riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336115347 Crni fosfor je dobar provodnik,dok bijeli i crveni fosfor nisu.

    ]]>     2025-02-20 14:38:56 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336115347     Hemijske osobine fosfora riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336131017

  • Oksidacioni brojevi : ± 3, 4, 5

  • Vrste hemijskih spojeva : Fosfor može formirati kovalentne veze.U nekim spojevima se može ponašati i kao jonski element.

    • ]]>     2025-02-20 14:47:04 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336131017     riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336136639 Bijeli fosfor

    ]]>     2025-02-20 14:50:03 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336136639     riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336137544 Crveni fosfor

    ]]>     2025-02-20 14:50:34 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336137544     riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336139076 Crni fosfor

    ]]>     2025-02-20 14:51:27 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336139076     riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336139879 Ljubičasti fosfor

    ]]>     2025-02-20 14:52:01 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336139879     riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336163102 2025-02-20 15:04:59 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336163102 Reakcija fosfora s vodom (H₂O) riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336232011

  • Sa vodom : Fosfor reaguje s vodom različito, zavisno o njegovoj alotropskoj modifikaciji:


  • Bijeli fosfor (P₄) – Ne reaguje direktno s vodom, ali je izuzetno reaktivan s kisikom. Zbog toga se čuva pod vodom kako bi se spriječilo njegovo samopaljenje.


  • Crveni fosfor – Stabilniji je i ne reaguje sa vodom ni u normalnim uslovima ni u prisustvu baza.

  • Crni fosfor – Najstabilnija alotropska modifikacija, hemijski inertna prema vodi.

    • ]]>     2025-02-20 15:45:59 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336232011     Reakcija fosfora s metalima-formiranje fosfida riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336250138

  • Fosfor reaguje s mnogim metalima pri povišenim temperaturama i formira fosfide.Na primjer,reakcija s natrijumom daje natrijum-fosfid (Na₃P).


    • Slične reakcije se dešavaju i s kalcijumom,kalcij-fosfid (Ca₃P₂),aluminijumom,aluminijum-fosfid (AlP), magnezijumom,magnezij-fosfid (Mg₃P₂) itd.

    ]]>     2025-02-20 15:55:40 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336250138     Elektronska konfiguracija fosfora riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336350396

  • Elektronska konfiguracija : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³


    • Pošto spoljašnji sloj (3s² 3p³) nije popunjen,fosfor je reaktivan i može formirati veze da bi postigao stabilnu oktetnu konfiguraciju ( 8 elektrona u valencije ).

    ]]>     2025-02-20 16:55:30 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336350396     Da li ima potpuni ili nepotpuni spoljašnji sloj? riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336361076 Fosfor ima nepotpuni spoljašnji sloj,jer mu nedostaju 3 elektrona da bi postigao stabilnu oktetnu konfiguraciju.

    ]]>     2025-02-20 17:02:33 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336361076     Kvantni brojevi riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336375898

  • Kvantni brojevi za posljednji elektron :

  • Glavni ( n ) : 3

  • Orbitalni ( l ) : 1 (p-orbitala )

  • Magnetni (mₗ) : -1, 0 ili +1

  • Spin (mₛ) : +½ ili -½

    • ]]>     2025-02-20 17:13:06 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336375898     Elektronska konfiguracija za fosfor riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336384367 2025-02-20 17:19:09 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336384367 Kvantni brojevi fosfora (P) riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336390375 2025-02-20 17:23:23 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336390375 Orbitale riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336392199 2025-02-20 17:24:41 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336392199 Hemijske veze fosfora riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336417179

  • Fosfor najčešće formira kovalentne veze ( npr. u fosfatima i oksidima )

    • Najpoznatije reakcije :

    • Sagorijevanje bijelog fosfora :


    P₄ + 5O₂ → P₄O₁₀


    • Reakcija sa hlorom :

    P₄ + 6Cl₂ → 4PCl₃


    • Formiranje fosforne kiseline :


      P₄O₁₀ + 6H₂O → 4H₃PO₄

    ]]>     2025-02-20 17:42:18 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336417179     Da li formira molekule? riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336430831 Da, fosfor se u elementarnom stanju često nalazi kao P₄ (tetraedarski molekul).

    ]]>     2025-02-20 17:52:11 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336430831     Koliko je reaktivan? riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336444657

  • Bijeli fosfor je veoma reaktivan i može se spontano zapaliti na vazduhu.

  • Crveni fosfor je stabilniji,ali može reagovati pri povišenim temperaturama.

  • Crni fosfor je najstabilniji i najmanje reaktivan.

    • ]]>     2025-02-20 18:00:51 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336444657     Kako reaguje s drugim supstancama? riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336449679

  • Fosfor je reaktivan s kiselinama i bazama,pri čemu može formirati fosfine ili fosfate.

  • U dodiru s halogenima stvara fosforne halogenide.

  • Bijeli fosfor je opasan i otrovan,dok su crveni i crni fosfor bezopasniji.

    • ]]>     2025-02-20 18:04:37 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336449679     Oznake upozorenja za fosfor riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336459390 2025-02-20 18:11:59 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336459390 riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336468130 2025-02-20 18:18:02 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336468130 riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336514587 2025-02-20 18:51:19 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336514587 riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336528963 2025-02-20 19:02:32 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3336528963 Primjer kovalentne veze fosfora (P) i hlora (Cl) - fosfor trihlorid (PCl₃) riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3337883035 2025-02-21 16:10:24 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3337883035 riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3337887015 2025-02-21 16:14:16 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3337887015 Reakcija fosfora s kisikom (O₂) – sagorijevanje riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3337915372

  • Sa kisikom : Bijeli fosfor se spontano pali na vazduhu,formirajući fosfor (V)-oksid (P₄O₁₀).

    • ]]>     2025-02-21 16:41:10 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3337915372     Reakcija fosfora sa halogenima riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3337927003

  • Sa halogenima : Fosfor veoma lako reaguje s halogenima, pri čemu nastaju fosforni halogenidi.

  • Sa hlorom (Cl₂) nastaju fosfor(III)-hlorid (PCl₃) ili fosfor(V)-hlorid (PCl₅), u zavisnosti od količine hlora.

    • ]]>     2025-02-21 16:52:12 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3337927003     Reakcija fosfora sa bromom (Br₂) riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3337941066

  • Sa bromom (Br₂) nastaje fosfor-tribromid

    (PBr₃).

    • ]]>     2025-02-21 17:05:42 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3337941066     Reakcija fosfora sa jodom (I₂) riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3337948575

  • Sa jodom (I₂) nastaje fosfor-trijodid (PI₃).

    • ]]>     2025-02-21 17:13:17 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3337948575     Reakcija fosfora s natrijumom riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3338012931 https://youtu.be/GnZhVr-FOdg?si=xDwge6eN_t_afp7f

    ]]>     2025-02-21 18:20:43 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3338012931     Reakcija fosfora s kalcijumom riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3338020452 https://youtu.be/t288izl2UAg?si=veZvrqkYsw1oqG-0

    ]]>     2025-02-21 18:29:28 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3338020452     Reakcija fosfora s magnezijumom riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3338031603 https://youtu.be/bDh9d1XA474?si=_h5TTIqq-YWNRecI

    https://youtu.be/D0mmbRgb5Bc?si=INdiWG0oJvGFPa4X

    ]]>     2025-02-21 18:42:13 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3338031603     Reakcija fosfora s aluminijumom riadlajsna https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3338052531 https://youtu.be/AzuhBy1cMqY?si=iew5wrwjxxJXI3Zf

    ]]>     2025-02-21 19:06:16 UTC https://padlet.com/riadlajsna/717f4k28mvymnk52/wish/3338052531