Socrates emphasized self-awareness and introspection as keys to understanding oneself and achieving wisdom. Plato delved deeper into the nature of the soul. Aristotle's contributions to psychology were immense. He wrote extensively on topics such as perception, memory, motivation, and emotion. The psychological ideas of ancient Greece profoundly influenced Western thought. They provided a conceptual framework for understanding the mind, consciousness, and behavior that laid the groundwork for later developments in psychology. Moreover, Greek philosophical methods, such as rational inquiry and dialectical reasoning, continue to inform modern psychological research and therapeutic practices.

The Reawakening of Intellectual Life, often referred to as the Renaissance, was a pivotal period in European history marked by a resurgence of interest in classical learning, art, science, and philosophy. here was a renewed fascination with the works of ancient Greek and Roman scholars, including those in the field of psychology such as Plato and Aristotle.

For along period the church held the power and therefore psychology and scientific discovery wasn't endorsed by them

It wasn't until Renaissance thinkers began to question the authority of the Church in matters of knowledge and understanding. This included questioning religious dogma about the nature of the soul, sin, and salvation. Instead, they turned to reason and empirical observation as the basis for understanding human behavior.

Slowly the church and science were able to agree on both scientific and more theology based psychology.

The relevance of 1800s psychology lies in its foundational role in shaping the modern field of psychology. Many of the theories and methodologies developed during this period continue to influence contemporary psychology. For example, Wilhelm Wundt’s establishment of the first psychology laboratory laid the groundwork for experimental psychology, which remains a fundamental aspect of psychological research today. Additionally, the work of figures like Sigmund Freud in psychoanalysis and Ivan Pavlov in behaviorism has had a lasting impact on our understanding of human behavior and mental processes. Studying the developments of 1800s psychology provides valuable insights into the historical roots of current psychological theories and practices.

Functionalism emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a response to the structuralist approach. Focused on the practical functions of the mind rather than its structure. They sought to understand how mental processes and behaviors serve adaptive purposes in helping individuals navigate their environment. Highlighted the importance of understanding how mental functions contribute to an organism's survival and adaptation. This approach laid the groundwork for modern perspectives in psychology, including evolutionary psychology and cognitive-behavioral therapy, by emphasizing the functional significance of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in everyday life.