-Stated that the government should secure man's natural rights of "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness"

-Said King George III had violated their rights

-Ended salutary neglect when Parliament taxed the colonies to pay for the war

-State govs had most of the power

-Only legislature (no executive or judiciary)

-Negotiated Treaty of Paris

2. Failed in Senate

3. Proof of N/S unbalance in Congress

John brown is credited with starting the CW bcs he and his family killed 5 pro-slavery settlers

Bcs Pres. Buchanan supported pro-slavery, the Northern Democrats left the party and became Republicans

-The goal was to arm slaves for a rebellion

-england agreed with it compared to the Declaration of Independence

-Created a currency for across states (to control interstate commerce)

-Gave central government power to make treaties with other countries

-Federal System was established

-Couldn't decide on representation in Congress, counting slaves as part of the population, or the Slave trade compromise

-Wrote the Constitution

-Articles of Confederation are gone

-Constitution has been ratified after Bill of Rights was written

-Power transferred from federal government to the states

-Got away with it due to loose interpretation

-Made land cheap -> more men had land -> now wasn't necessary to own land to vote

-Established Judicial review

-The power of the court to overturn a law if it is unconstitutional

-Some elements:

-Lowell Mills, Immigration, Westward expansion, tariff troubles

Before

Agriculturally focused

Dependent on trade w/ Europe

Average worker = farmer

After

Industrially focused

Self-sustaining

Average worker = factory worker

North

wanted: tariffs bcs the protected businesses from foreign comp

got: tariffs to protect businesses

South

wanted: no tariffs because they raised prices on goods

got: nothing...

West

wanted: nothing to do with it/ focused on developing the frontier

got: Tariff money that could be used for internal improvements (roads, bridges, etc)

-In GA, they became farmers, but then gold was found on their land, and the state tries to take their land

-Not legal

-Jackson take the land anyways

-Forced back to Oklahoma; 1/3 die on the trail

-Jackson is furios and threatens to use Federal force if they don't comply

-They reach some sort of compromise and South Carolina backs down, but nullification is still an option for them

-300,000 people from the East rush to the West

-They finally get there in 1849 aka 49ers

-Lots of people in CA: influx

-Wasn't supposed to be allowed to sue anyone because he was a slave

-Also declared the Missouri Compromise to be unconstitutional

-Congress could no longer make laws restricting slavery's expansion

-South wanted to fight to preserve their way of life (including slavery) and to defend states' rights

-nominate Lincoln for pres. because he is free-soil

-Democrats -> split between N/S

Lincoln WON

-Lincoln sends supplies through ships (fired upon)

-Starts the Civil War

-A "military measure" against the Confederacy

-Made it hypocritical for England to buy cotton from the US when they had already abolished slavery

-Didn't free all slaves- only the ones in states of rebellion (CSA)

-Allowed AA's to enlist in the Union Army

-Bloodiest battle (3 days long)

-Vicksburg

-Bloodiest single DAY

-Union won both

-Destroyed everything in their path

-Slaves are freed

-Federal courts ruled that secession was null & void

-The discussion of states’ rights continues today…

-Treat them as conquered territory

-The Union army would now split and occupy the confederacy in 5 districts

-Soldiers would enforce the Reconstruction amendments

-Troops would stay until states agreed to ratify the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments.

-Birth in the US= citizenship

-Equal protection for all citizens

-Due process required before taking life, liberty, or property

to overturn the Dred Scott decision

-To ensure more votes for Republicans