·         Bufo viridis viridis 

·         Coluber caspius 

·          Coluber najadum dahlii 

·          Coronella austriaca austriaca 

·         Cyrtodactylus kotschyi adelphiensis 

·         Elaphe longissima longissima 

·         Elaphe quatuorlineata quatuorlineata 

·         Eryx jaculus turcicus 

·         Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus 

·          Lacerta trilineata cariensis 

·         Lacerta viridis meridionalis

·          Malpolon monspessulanus insignitus 

·         Mauremys caspica rivulata 

·         Natrix natrix persa 

·          Ophisaurus apodus thracius 

·         Ophisops elegans macrodactylus 

·         Podarcis erhardii amorgensis 

·          Podarcis muralis albanica 

·         Rana ridibunda ridibunda

·         Telescopus fallax fallax

·          Testudo graeca ibera 

Urbanization, industrial areas, tourism and recreation areas negatively affected the herptile species. Another important factor is “agriculture and aquaculture” activities and almost half of the species (59% for amphibians and 25% for reptiles) are affected by such activities. Along with the increase of human population, the food needs are also increasing day by day. The expansion of agricultural areas, livestock farming, overgrazing, aquaculture and mariculture activities are causing habitat loss and degradation and intervening in the food webs. Unsustainable harvesting, hunting and fishing activities are directly or indirectly affecting the amphibians and reptiles. Some species are used in traditional medicine, food and pet trade.The dam construction, for water management or use, and other ecosystem modifications make significant pressure on natural herptile populations. Forest fires are deliberately excluded to open such areas, especially in the Mediterranean region in Turkey, it is observed that these activities have been carried out in the summer.

The amphibians (59%) are more sensitive to “pollution” than reptiles (4%). Many chemical pollutants are increasing sensitivity to illness and mortality rates and reducing the reproductive success

Today, global “climate change” emerges as a factor that affects the changing nature of natural habitats. Temperature fluctuations (changing in temperature extremes, increasing average summer temperatures and reducing winter/spring temperatures) cause the alteration of habitats, breeding phenology and host-parasite relationship of herptile species. Mediterranean amphibians (18%) are more affected by global climate change than reptiles (3%). 

 

 In local or  even in regional level an herpetofauna foundation – NGO,  etc., could be created.

The Herpetofauna foundation would  inform the local populations, students, tourists, farmers, and various stakeholders on the rationale for the awareness and conservation  programs. Through the educational programs (lectures, workshops,field trips, communication with experts, etc.)  students, puplic,and others interested in biodiversity of reptiles ,  would  raise awareness for these unique organisms and their ecosystem services.