Bioremediation by https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b This is the summary of the paper on bioremediation en-us 2022-02-16 14:13:05 UTC 2022-02-21 08:38:44 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/2754.png Tétouan 2 https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052821939 Bioaugementation:
This technology consists of introducing cultures of micro-organisms that are selected on the basis of their ability to degrade the compounds present in some polluted sites in order to decontaminated the area, thus increasing the biodegradation of contaminants.

Applicability:
This technology is effective for treating petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated soil or groundwater.

Limitations:
This technique could have other impacts such as the contamination of ground water due to the high mobility of the degradation.


]]> 2022-02-17 09:37:59 UTC https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052821939 Abidjan 2 https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052837067 Bioventilation
La bioventilation consiste à fournir de l'oxygène dans le sol contaminé par les résidus de carburant etc pour stimuler l'activité des microorganismes présents dans le milieu pour la dégradation aérobie.

Applicabilté
Elle s'applique à l'assainissement des sols pollués par les pesticides, les hydrocarbures pétroliers.

Limites
Elle est limitée par la perméabilité des sols, l'accumulation des vapeurs dans le sous sol, la faible teneur en humidité, les basses températures qui peuvent ralentir le processus de biodégradation. ]]> 2022-02-17 09:47:34 UTC https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052837067 Tetouan 1 https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052858255 Introduction.
fungal metabolism has been involved  in a lot of degradation of organic contaminats example hydrocarborn, white-rot fungus is an example of a fungus group capable of degradation , the enzymes produced by the fungi are responsibe for the biodegradative ability. 

Applicability.
white -rot fungus are capable of degradating PAHs, PCBs, Pesticides and azodyes which has been demostrated.  
white-rot fungus can also degradate PAHs but under conditions of low pH and nitrogen limited.

Limitation.
factors limiting fungal remedation includes
1. Their sensitivity to biological process
2.Their inability to grow in suspension system
3. Toxicity and chemical sorption
4. competion with indigeous microbes
5. slow trans-formation ability
6. negative effets of mixing on ezyme production.

 


]]> 2022-02-17 09:59:48 UTC https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052858255 Tetouan 1 https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052862546 Introduction:
Compostiong is a managed biological process in which contaminated soil is extracted and combined with agents ans organic additions such as, wood, chips, hay..
The maintenance of thermophilic microbial activity necessitates a good carbon and nitrogen balance. During the compostiong process the decomposition of organic materials will result in a thermophilic phase(55 to 65°C).
Applicability:
when the contaminants are biodegradable composting can be used. Aerobic and thermophilic composting is able to reduce the concentration of explosives such as (TNT) to tolerable levels. So it is applicable to PAHs and DDT residues
Limitations:
The limitations of this process are: need- a large space- volatilizations of VOC's and increasing of the material of additives
 ]]> 2022-02-17 10:02:40 UTC https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052862546 https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052862608 biopile is an ex situ treatment technology that takes advantage of biological processes to convert contaminants into low toxicity by-products.The parameters intervening in the processes of microbial degradation can be controlled; for examples: oxygenation, humidity, nutrients, microbial populations.]]> 2022-02-17 10:02:43 UTC https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052862608 Abidjan 2 https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052867765 Cométabolisme
C'est un procédé dans lequel les microorganismes n'utilisent pas le composé cible(contaminant) pour leur croissance mais le transforment en utilisant un autre composé pour leur croissance. Elle se fait in situ pour les hydrocarbures pétroliers. Pour que cette technique fonctionne, il faut un substrat adapté pour transformer le contaminant.

Limites
Il est limité par l'homogénéité du sous-sol car il est difficile de faire circuler la solution de méthane dans chaque partie de la zone contaminée.]]> 2022-02-17 10:06:23 UTC https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052867765 https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052871537 Nitrate Enhanced In Situ Bioremediation :

This technology aims to the limitation of the contaminats in the groundwater by using the Nitrate , it can be limited by  subsurface heterogeneity,  requirement for a groundwater circulation system and  acceptability by regulators .

]]> 2022-02-17 10:08:53 UTC https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052871537 X situ bioremediation technique consiste of extracting polluants from polluted site and transporting them successively to another site for treatement https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052872909 It is applied for fuel hydrcarbons and nonhalogenated vocs 
Halogenated vocs and pesticides 

Limitations
Its effectivenes  is limited in doing the tests determining the rates of nutrients and oxygen portions 
Soil is needed to be excavate  not to mention that traetment  is a non static

]]> 2022-02-17 10:09:48 UTC https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052872909 Tetouan 1 https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052872960 Introduction
Land farming is a full-scale bioremediation technology where in the excavated contaminated soil is placed onto lined beds of predetermined thickness and aerated by periodically   turning over or tilled . During this process, soil conditions such as moisture content, aeration, pH, and amendments like soil bulking agents, nutrients, etc. are controlled for optimum rate of contaminant degradation. 

Applicability.
Land farming has been successful for treating petroleum hydro-carbons and also successful in treating diesel fuel, fuel oils, oil sludge, wood preservation wastes, coke wastes, and pesticide.

Limitation.
The factors that may limit it's effectiveness 
1. requirement for a large space, 
2. some of the factors controlling microbiological proliferation and degradation such as rainfall and temperature are not under control and may prolong the degradation period.
3. requirement for treating volatile compounds in order to prevent off-site migration of these gases into the environment. 
4. requirement for constructing a facility to collect and monitor runoff material.


]]> 2022-02-17 10:09:50 UTC https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052872960 TETOUAN 2 https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052873407  Cometabolism is the process by which a contaminant is  degraded by an enzyme or cofactor produced during microbial metabolism of another compound.  Bioremediation strategies that use electron donors that only stimulate a specific group of microorganisms that can degrade the contaminants of concern are ideal for many applications.

Applicability
   Methane oxydation via a series of enzymes  by methanotrophic bacteria (  methane monooxygenase )
 

Limitations
 Isolation of active pMMO ( Membrane-Associated Methane Monooxygenase ) from methanotrophs has been difficult since it loses activity once it has been separated from the membrane.

]]> 2022-02-17 10:10:08 UTC https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2052873407 Biovennting ksimon38 https://padlet.com/ksimon38/6zkn7ppzndsytu8b/wish/2053299882 INTRODUCTION

Bioventilation is a promising new technology where oxygen is added to increase natural aerobic biodegradation indoors. Aerobic microorganisms readily degrade contaminants present on site.
Only low airflows are maintained in the vadose zone to provide sufficient oxygen for sustenance of microbes. Oxygen is usually supplied by direct injection of air into residual soil contamination.

APPLICATION

Bioventilation has been used with the aim of remediating the soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, non-chlorinated cometabolism.

LIMITATIONS :

The limiting factors are :
- soil permeability ;
- accumulation of vapors in basements within the radius of influence of extremely low humidity air injection wells ;
- slow repair process.

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