Key Periods and Figures in the History of American Schooling by Guillermo Rios

Colonial Education (1600s - 1700s)

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Focus on religious instruction.
Education mainly for wealthy males.
Dame schools and Latin grammar schools.

Common School Movement (1830s - 1850s)

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Led by Horace Mann.
Introduction of public schooling for all children.
Emphasis on moral education and citizenship.

Progressive Education Movement (1890s - 1950s)

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Led by John Dewey.
Focus on learning by doing and critical thinking.
Development of the child-centered approach.

Desegregation and Civil Rights Era (1950s - 1970s)

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Brown v. Board of Education (1954).
Efforts to integrate schools and ensure equal opportunities.
Influence of Civil Rights leaders like Thurgood Marshall.

Modern Reforms (1980s - Present)

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Introduction of standardized testing and accountability measures.
School choice and charter schools.
Emphasis on technology and STEM education.

Key Figures

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Horace Mann: Advocate for public schooling.
John Dewey: Philosopher and proponent of progressive education.
Thurgood Marshall: Lawyer and Supreme Court Justice who fought for desegregation