Unit 2 Discussion Board by Kevin Willingham https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85 ANS en-us 2020-09-21 15:01:01 UTC 2020-09-22 16:40:21 UTC hello@padlet.com Two Divisions of the ANS and alternate names. kevinwillingham1 https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85/wish/764549032 Sympathetic Division or Thoracolumbar
Parasympathetic Division or Craniosacral
(Hitner Pg. 60)]]> 2020-09-21 15:04:44 UTC https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85/wish/764549032 The Neurotransmitters for each division of the ANS. kevinwillingham1 https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85/wish/764576944 Sympathetic - Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, and acetylcholine
Parasympathetic - Acetylcholine
(Hitner Pg. 63)]]> 2020-09-21 15:10:04 UTC https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85/wish/764576944 Location where each neurotransmitter is released in each division in the ANS. kevinwillingham1 https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85/wish/764587660 Sympathetic - Acetylcholine at Ganglia and Postganglionic nerve endings
Parasympathetic - Acetylcholine at Ganglia and Norepinephrine at postganglionic nerve endings.
(Hitner Pg. 63)]]> 2020-09-21 15:12:03 UTC https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85/wish/764587660 The receptors for each division of the ANS with main locations of each receptor listed. kevinwillingham1 https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85/wish/764770445 Sympathetic -  
Alpha 1: Found on glands, smooth muscles, eyes, arteries and veins.
Alpha 2: Smooth muscle
Beta 1: Heart
Beta 2: Smooth muscle, lungs, uterus, skeletal muscle arteries, coronary arteries

Parasympathetic - 
Muscarinic: cardiac, smooth muscle, and glands.
Nicotinic 1: ganglia of parasympathetic nerves and sympathetic nerves.
Nicotinic 2: neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle. 
(ANS Slideshow Part 1&2)

]]> 2020-09-21 15:48:14 UTC https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85/wish/764770445 The end organ responses that occur when stimulated. List the specific organ and state what response is generated in that organ when stimulated by each ANS division kevinwillingham1 https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85/wish/764786252 Adrenal Medulla: Sympathetic - Release of epinephrine. Parasympathetic - none
Arteries: Sympathetic - Vasoconstriction (Exceptions are the coronary arteries and arteries to skeletal muscle which are dilated) Parasympathetic - Most arteries are not supplied by parasympathetic nerves.
Heart: Sympathetic - Increases heart rate and AV conduction. Parasympathetic - Decreases heart rate and AV conduction.
Intestines, GI motility, and secretions: Sympathetic - Decreased. Parasympathetic - Increased
Postganglionic Neurotransmitter: Sympathetic - Norepinephrine released. Parasympathetic - Acetylcholine released.
Pupil of the eye: Sympathetic - Dilation. Parasympathetic - Constriction 
Respiratory passages, lower :Sympathetic - Bronchodilation. Parasympathetic - Bronchoconstriction
Urinary bladder: Sympathetic - Relaxation. Parasympathetic - Contraction.
Urinary sphincter: Sympathetic - Contraction. Parasympathetic  - Relaxation. 
(Hitner Pg. 64)]]> 2020-09-21 15:51:18 UTC https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85/wish/764786252 The drug classifications for each division of the ANS. Under each drug classification, identify which receptors are interacted with and include the action that occurs. kevinwillingham1 https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85/wish/764813035 Sympathetic:
Alpha adrenergic drugs:  Smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction. Nonselective beta 1 & 2 drugs -  Beta 1&2 - Cardiac stimulation, sooth muscle relaxation, bronchodilation. Selective beta-2 adrenergic drugs: Beta 2 -  Smooth muscle relaxation, bronchodilation. 
Adrenergic Antagonists:  Alpha-1 adrenergic blockers - Alpha-1 receptor - Smooth muscle relaxation, vasodilation. Nonselective beta 1&2 adrenergic blockers: Beta1&2 beta receptors - Cardiac depression, smooth muscle contraction (beta 2 organs) 
Selective beta 1 adrenergic blockers: Beta 1 receptors - Cardiac depression (decrease HR/force of contraction)
Adrenergic neuronal blockers: Adrenergic nerve ending - Decrease Sympathetic activity.
(Hitner, Pg. 81)

Parasympathetic:
Direct Acting Cholinergic Agonists: stimulates and binds to the muscarinic receptors in the parasympathetic division. Mimics ACH.
Indirect Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Cholinergic receptor, Nn receptor, Nm receptor - Inhibits acetylcholinesterase which is the enzyme that destroys ACH in synapse. Increases ACH.
Anticholinergics/Parasympatholytics: Binds to a cholinergic receptor. Acts as a blocking drug: competitive antagonism.
(ANS Slideshow Pt. 2)

]]> 2020-09-21 15:56:55 UTC https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85/wish/764813035 List specific drug examples found on the Unit 2 drug list under each drug classification. kevinwillingham1 https://padlet.com/kevinwillingham1/6xfiih9bt9fpth85/wish/764869293 Alpha-1 Adrenergic Agonists
ephedrine 
phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrineâ)
Adrenergic Agonists
epinephrine (Adrenalinâ)
Alpha-1 Adrenergic Blocker
prazosin (Minipressâ)
terazosin (Hytrinâ)
doxazosin (Carduraâ) 
Beta-1 Adrenergic Agonist
dobutamine 
Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonist
formoterol (Foradilâ)
albuterol (Proventilâ/Ventolinâ)
terbutaline (Brethineâ)
Beta Blocker
Nonselective
nadolol (Corgardâ)
propranolol (Inderolâ)
timolol (Blocadrenâ)
Selective
atenolol (Tenorminâ)
metoprolol (Lopressorâ)
Direct Acting Cholinergic Agonist
acetylcholine
pilocarpine (Pilocarâ)
bethanechol (Urecholineâ)
Indirect Acting Cholinergic Agents
neostigmine (Prostigminâ)
Anticholinergic
atropine
(Unit 2 Master Drug list)
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