Dandruff: forfora

Teeth pattern: modello dei denti

Knighted: titolo di cavaliere

Landmark: punto di riferimento

Marker: marcatore

Head-tail: testa coda

Probe: sonda (o sondare come verbo)

Sheet lay: foglio di carta

Tray: vassoio

Loaded: caricato

Wells: pozzi

Peak: picco
Sieve: setaccio
Womb: grembo
Lumps: grumi
Sample: campione

How many cells are needed to get a full profile?
With three or four cells you can still get a full profile.

In what conditions must the exhibit be kept?
The DNA can be also fresh, but if it isn't in good conditions, for example in a wet room where the mold can grow, the DNA will degrade quickly.
How long does DNA last if taken in good conditions?
But if we freeze the DNA, this can last forever.

What is the TBE composition?
TBE is the buffer solution for the agarose gel, it's usually 10X and it has a 8.0 pH.

Why is important to add Mg ions? Are they co-enzymes or cofactors?
They are enzyme cofactors, and they are importante for the digestion

How can DNA be detected in agarose gel?
The DNA is transparent, so usually it's added some dye (in particular etherium bromide or cyber green).
Why are DNA dyes dangerous for human health?
The DNA dye can be dangerous because it's mutagen and a possible carcinogen, so use gloves.
What should be done to prepare an agarose gel? What should not be done preparing an agarose gel?
It's important mixing in intervals the solution for the agarose gel, and not let it in the microowave for too long without mixing. The flask must be covered with a loose cap, otherwise the pressure inside the container would become too high. The flask has to be also large enough to let the solution boil without coming it out. It's important using gloves for our safety, but also change them, in this way we will avoid contaminating other instruments or parts of the lab. The agarose has to be completely dissolve, or we will have regions with different concentrations. While the gel is setting, don't move the gel tray, or it can be damaged. Remove the comb slowly and with vertical motion

Which piece of information can be find out from a DNA pattern bands?
The fragments are separated by electrophoresis, and the different patterns of DNA fragments are compared (in our case the culprit and the suspects). The pattern with the same fragments dimension and position comes from the same person.