Q: What societal/international norms did your chosen social justice movement challenge? Also, how did it challenge those norms? by Robin Sidhu

#MeToo Movement

2021-11-18 04:21:54 UTC

The societal/international norm that this movement challenges is Sexual Violence against all people of every gender, race etc. The Me Too Movement challenges this norm by connecting survivors and allies to resources to help individuals heal as well as educate the world on this issue, destroying the stigma that has been placed on sexual assault and its victims.

https://metoomvmt.org/

- Alexis

BLM Protests - Osman

2021-11-18 04:22:49 UTC

BLM protests began after the death of George Floyd which resulted from a botched attempt at an arrest by police officers. Days afterwards many cities across the US and the world experienced protests under the collective message of "Black Lives Matter".

However many of the protests specifically around Minneapolis went deadly, millions in property damages and dozens of deaths reported. Numerous protests turned into riots as many people took advantage of the lack of police presence in the cities to loot and destroy property.

Many radical left wing groups such as ANTIFA and the organization BLM organized themselves to cause as much chaos and damage as possible to weaken those they saw as oppressing the black communities in the US.

The reasons for the unprecedented scale of the protest and riots was mainly due to the pressure from the Corona pandemic and the upcoming presidential election.

Examples of the protests
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tRmqEbP0G6I

Khadija

2021-11-18 04:23:35 UTC

BLM

https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/06/23/racism-ir-international-relations-domestic/

As Black Lives Matter protests spread around the globe, scholars of international relations are resurrecting difficult conversations about the detrimental ways in which the field has ignored race and racism. Those who study history and Africana studies have long shown how racism weaves through national and international affairs, knotting domestic and foreign policy at key junctures. Many IR experts, however, have carefully avoided reflecting on the role race plays in our field. If IR scholars hope to truly understand the current global turbulence, we must recognize that racism can’t be solely a domestic issue.

The exploration of race is hardly foreign to IR; up until World War II, the study of race and of IR were inexorably linked through a debate over imperial administration (in which colonies are governed in order to maintain the rule of a white and usually overseas elite over a nonwhite indigenous populace). Throughout the 20th century, Black intellectuals, organizations, and movements considered racism in the United States to be a global issue that demanded a similarly global solution. In the early 1900s, the African American sociologist W.E.B. Du Bois famously proposed the color line as the “relation of the darker to the lighter races of men in Asia and Africa, in America and the islands of the sea.” He viewed it as an analytical device with which to unpack the trajectory of U.S. development as part of a global power relations, even employing it as a tool to reexamine the international causes of World War I.

the town of Mutitjulu

2021-11-18 04:28:37 UTC

The untold truth that led towards the norther territtory intervention, where there was misleading falsfied evidence that portrayed the idea that every man in this town would trade petrol to have relations with young children.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ZmEgQCqBbo&t=220

Palestine/Israel - Mo

2021-11-18 04:31:10 UTC

Israel's apartheid policy towards Palestine has been a long-standing issue that goes against both international and societal norms in today's world. The concept of 'norms' has been questioned on a societal and international level throughout human history, and it continues to do so now. Israel has broken 28 laws, according to the numbers in the Security Council decision. It continues to violate the code of security and goes against humanistic, ethical, sexual and religious norms.

Reference:
http://itisapartheid.org/Documents_pdf_etc/IsraelViolationsInternationalLaw.pdf

https://www.hrw.org/report/2021/04/27/threshold-crossed/israeli-authorities-and-crimes-apartheid-and-persecution

Apartheid in South Africa- Nabi

2021-11-18 04:32:18 UTC

Apartheid is a system that essentially creates segregation between white people and black people. According to quizlet (?) the pressure from the US combined with protest movements lead the president to end the segregation. Nelson Mandela was a huge actor in these negotiations and actually became president of the ANC after he was released from jail for 'attempting to overthrow the state'. He then helped lead the negotiations with the president.

The protests were a leading reason for the negotiations to go through but the US pressure did play a part in getting rid of the segregation.

THUHA: Decades after civil rights were won by African-Americans in the 1960s, #BLM has been known as another necessary movement in challenging white supremacy’s hegemony in American society. White supremacy was given birth by Christian supremacy and perpetuated in culture throughout the centuries; it has been woven in human knowledge and perceived as ‘nature’ or norms for many years (Perry and Whitehead 2018). It is also stated that there is a recognizable inclination of white Americans to refer to Christianity as an exposition to justify racial hierarchies and racist institutions, such as slavery and segregation. Another prominent depiction of cultural hegemony that supports white supremacy was the strategy of Donald Trump’s presidency; during one of his campaigns at Oral Roberts University, he intentionally tapped on the historical connection between Christianity and American citizenship, ‘...We have to bring Christianity back because it is a good thing...’ said Donald Trump (Perry & Whitehead 2018, n.p). He then won the election and became well-known as a white supremacy advocate who supports racial strife. As a result, moving forwards from the 1960s, not only white supremacy remains ingrained deeply in culture and American’s understandings but also gets perpetuated by its cultural hegemony. This status quo was deeply manifested in many aspects of African-Americans' lives, such as prison industrial complex, economic, the housing market and voting right (Perry and Whitehead 2018). Racial injustice has ultimately been recognised and condemned as the exposure of a repetitive cycle - death- trial- no charges’ in many African-Americans' murdering cases, which contribute to proving the entrenched white hegemony has still been perishing many African- American lives. Hence, once again is there the need for another social movement, #BLM to challenge this injustice status quo. Since the death of George Floyd in 2020, #BLM has achieved significant changes against systematic racism in America, thus challenging white supremacy that has existed in America for centuries. While having high similarity in triggering events, the Black liberation social movement from 1954 to 1965 successfully demanded the primary equality for African-Americans in the 20th century, whereas #BLM addressed two main issues that police brutality depicts: defaulted criminal images glued to Black community, their deaths are therefore considered expendable, and the systematic racism. The immense solidarity of #BLM led to substantial improvement in systematic equality in America. Firstly, it resulted from having solid supports from organisations such as the N.F.L. and NASCAR; not only have they enhanced their assistance towards current supporters, but also, they have encouraged the sidelined individuals to get involved in the movement by virtually providing materials such as frameworks and guidelines. Secondly, it is the undeniable impetus from the powerful ‘catalyst’ such as the simultaneous emergence of Donald Trump ‘s adversarial stances on immigration, guns, and climate change as well as the notorious Covid 19 pandemic’s restrictions; they have carried on the ‘snowball’ effect that push beyond #BLM’s expectations. Lastly, they effectively employed creatively diverse tactics such as the multiracial nature of protests, ‘Black counter-gaze', using multiple media platforms with the specific aim – to disrupt the status quo. As a result, #BLM has considerably accomplished many changes in America over a short period. For instance, the Minneapolis City Council ‘pledged to dismantle its police department’, New York lawmakers ‘repealed a law that kept police disciplinary records secret’, chokeholds laws are banned across the country, and so on. Globally, # BLM has positively contributed to shifting the current discourse on racial inequality and white supremacy, encouraged the active resistance to dehumanisation, and set in motion the radical change in political and social issues.

18821909 — 2021-11-18 04:35:03 UTC

Perry, SL & Whitehead, AL 2018, ‘Christian America in Black and White: Racial Identity, Religious-National Group Boundaries, and Explanations for Racial Inequality’, Sociology of Religion, vol. 80, no. 3, pp. 277-298, viewed 3 May 2021, <https://doi.org/10.1093/socrel/sry046>.

Mutitjulu

2021-11-18 04:39:22 UTC

various links can be drawn toward this readings to name a few.

the depiction that all ATSI communities have alcholics, drug users, involved withprison ie have or has been convicted moreover this been since 1788 and one can only imagine what happened back then

Palestine/Israel - Zane R

2021-11-18 04:40:19 UTC

The Palestine and Israel conflict is one of longest conflicts in the world between two nations. The conflict has been ongoing for almost 54 years, and the main argument is over who owns the land. There has been many nations who have interfered to try and resolve the crisis between the two countries but none of them have successfully resolved it. Israel and Palestine have failed to reach a peace agreement.

Apartheid

2021-11-18 04:43:28 UTC

The societal norm that was challenged in the fight against apartheid in south Africa was discrimination and racism which led to a system of racial segregation.

Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress (ANC) among other organisations and countries, advocated for the end of the apartheid through protests, resistance, strikes and purposely breaking laws set in place to promote apartheid to increase prisoner numbers. The aim of this action in particular was to overwhelm the system and increase international support. At the end, the weakening of the white commitment and international support contributed to the end of apartheid.

https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/pcw/98678.htm

https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/history-apartheid-south-africa

Shalia

Palestine/Israel

2021-11-18 04:44:56 UTC

Conflict between Palestine and Israel has been going on for over 70 years and the social injustices and inequality in Palestine has become a large issue in today’s society, as the world is now very aware of the atrocities of what the state of Israel has been doing to the people of Palestine. In the few areas occupied by the people of Palestine, the Israeli government hold back resources that would help the Palestinian people survive, such as the control that the Israelis have over the Palestinian Authority budget, as well as the health budget. This restricts the amount of medical aid they receive due to the lack of funding and financial difficulties that the Palestinian Ministry of Health is facing which limits the payments for the medical workers. Another element they are refusing to give easy passage into the areas occupied Israel and access to electricity. The people in the village of Jubbet Al-Dhib send in requests to the Israeli authorities to connect their access to electricity to the Israeli electric grid but have been rejected and are living either with small generators (if they can afford filling it with gasoline) or with no electricity at all.

- Sarah

References:

https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/256771352-Divide-Conquer-Inequality-in-Health-PHR-Israel.pdf

https://www.hrw.org/report/2010/12/19/separate-and-unequal/israels-discriminatory-treatment-palestinians-occupied#4035

Israel-Palestine conflict

sultanramadhan65 — 2021-11-18 04:48:13 UTC

This touchy subject has challenged many things, namely the norms of what it means to have a homeland. Since the Balfour declaration 1917, the British have initiated for Jewish people immigrating to Palestine, fulfilling Zionist aspirations for a Jewish homeland. Since then as the demographic of the region became Jewish dominated and then went on to become a state of their own, tensions grew as hundreds of thousands of Arabs were forced from their homes in 1947. The state of Israel has since committed numerous actions that include the forceful evictions of Arabs from their homes and air raids, which have gone somewhat unchallenged by States such as the US. Although Israel's atrocities have been somewhat challenged by the international community, no resolution has been acted upon to act out against what Israel is doing. -Sultan

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict explained (sbs.com.au)