EDF3034 Children's Literacy Development by https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9 Reading and Viewing en-us 2019-08-16 09:40:14 UTC 2024-07-24 09:40:31 UTC hello@padlet.com https://imgglb.padletcdn.com/v13/image?t=g_auto&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpadlet.net%2Ficons%2Fpng%2F1f440.png Video Presentation wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/374979602 2019-08-16 10:16:21 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/374979602 What is Literacy? wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/374980414 Literacy is “reading, writing, speaking, listening and viewing and involves the knowledge and skills required to engage in activities required for effective functioning in the community” (Hill, 2012). ]]> 2019-08-16 10:24:07 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/374980414 Importance of Literacy wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375305454 According to Shomos & Forbes (2014), higher literacy and numeracy skills are associated with better labour market outcomes, which includes higher chances of employment and higher wages earned. In order to be literate, we need to know how to read.]]> 2019-08-19 03:05:34 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375305454 What is Reading? wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375305648 Reading is the process of constructing meaning from print and other symbols (Hill, 2012).
 
 It involves decoding and understanding modes in order to deduct and deduce meaning (Carabott & Cronin, 2019).
]]> 2019-08-19 03:06:56 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375305648 Importance of Reading wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375305745 Evidence suggests that children who read for enjoyment daily perform better in reading tests compared to those who don’t and also develop a broader vocabulary, increased general knowledge and a better understanding of other cultures (Pearson, 2019).

Levels of independent reading is also directly related to life outcomes (Shomos, 2010; Shomos & Forbes, 2014).]]> 2019-08-19 03:07:37 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375305745 What is Viewing? wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375305978
Literacy also encompasses viewing, which is “complex act of meaning-making using still or moving images. As with understanding written text, viewing images requires learners to make connections, determine importance, visualise and critique” (Frey and Fisher, 2008). 

Visual modality is used to inform, entertain, instruct and persuade viewers.]]> 2019-08-19 03:09:08 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375305978 What is Phonics? wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375307870 Phonics is one of the elements of reading and is an important component as it enables children to read fluently and grasp the meanings of the words. It focuses on sound letter relationships in reading and writing. As well as understanding the alphabetic principle, and that spoken language is made up of sounds. 

Phonics consists of 5 stages; 
1) The letters of the alphabet; Consonants & Vowels
2) Onset and rime
3) Blends 
4) Digraphs & other letter combinations
5) Structural analysis 

Children have to be able to achieve the initial stages in order to easily grasp the latter stages. ]]> 2019-08-19 03:21:45 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375307870 Importance of Phonics wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375307989 Phonics is built on children’s prior knowledge of graphemes and phonemes. According to (Hill, 2012), when children can easily and confidently identify letters, it is easier for them to learn phonemes. In addition, it helps children to blend and see words in sections rather than as a whole chunk, and as a result learn to read better. ]]> 2019-08-19 03:22:32 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375307989 What is Fluency? wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375308063 Fluency is the ability to read a text accurately, quickly and expressively (Carabott & Cronin, 2019).]]> 2019-08-19 03:23:02 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375308063 Importance of Fluency wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375308075 Reading fluency is important because it builds a bridge between word recognition and comprehension (Carabott & Cronin, 2019).

Fluency is an important goal for children to become accurate, efficient, and therefore fluent readers (Victoria State Government, 2018). When decoding becomes easy and automatic for children, this allows them to free up their attention to focus on the meaning of the text. However, fluency alone does not indicate good comprehension of the text.]]> 2019-08-19 03:23:08 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375308075 What is Comprehension? wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375308116 Comprehension is the ability to make meaning from text (Wilson, 2003). All readers establish meaning from texts differently, determined by their motivation, their background and mental state. There is often no single, absolute meaning in a text.]]> 2019-08-19 03:23:22 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375308116 Importance of Comprehension wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375308126 Without comprehension, children will not be able to relate what they have read to their life experiences and as such, prevent them from creating new knowledge and meanings from their existing knowledge. Comprehension also allows children to develop the knowledge, skills and experiences to become competent readers  (Texas Educational Agency, 2002). Readers undergo complex comprehension processes in order to construct meaning from texts. 

For children to be good readers, they have to attain a highly complex, well developed and well- practiced skills and abilities, which they have to coordinate before, during and after reading a text.]]> 2019-08-19 03:23:25 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375308126 How to develop Fluency? wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375310033
Facilitating repeated practice of reading aloud is a key to developing fluency.  To achieve fluency, we also need to know about grammar and punctuation. 

Opportunities for developing reading fluency include Modelled Reading, Guided Reading, Peer reading, Choral reading and Readers’ theatre. Through modelled reading, the teacher demonstrates how it should be read, for example, in an expressive manner.]]> 2019-08-19 03:40:26 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375310033 How to comprehend a text? wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375310409 To comprehend a text, the reader takes on Four Roles : Code Breaker, Text Participant, Text user and Text Analyst. This is illustrated by the Four Resource Model  by Luke and Freebody.

Teachers can organise teaching opportunities around these four roles through modelled, shared and guided reading.  During the reading sessions, teachers can scaffold them by asking questions that promote critical thinking and allowing them to connect ideas, summarise, infer and evaluate the texts and images in order for them to make meaning from what they have read (Fountas & Pinnell, 2001; Harvey & Goudvis, 2000; Duke & Pearson, 2002).

]]> 2019-08-19 03:43:32 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375310409 Story Box Library wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375314323 This resource offers children access to reading models and this relates to the Fluency concept, which is supported by the Education and Training Department of the Victoria State Government (2018). 

It states that teachers or adults can demonstrate fluent reading by model reading, which involves students listening to a text read aloud by the adult. Through this, the adult models proficient reading behaviour, enjoyment and interest in a variety of different types of text. ]]> 2019-08-19 04:12:44 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375314323 Readers' Theatre wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375315525 This resource offers teachers and children a variety of readers’ theatre scripts, which they can read during lesson. 

This relates to the Fluency concept, which is supported by Prescott, J. (2003) that showed that Reader’s Theatre is an effective strategy in improving reading fluency and helps readers learn to read aloud expressively.]]> 2019-08-19 04:22:19 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375315525 PM Readers wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375326884
This resource offers teachers and children different levels of fiction and non-fiction texts to develop children’s reading skills. PM Readers books are suitable for choral reading as they are at an appropriate reading level, contain dialogue or rhythm and are relatively short. 

This relates to the Fluency concept, which is supported by Hasbrouck (2006) and Texas Reading Initiative (2007) that state that choral reading provide a model for fluent reading as students listen.It also aid the students in their ability to read sight words.]]> 2019-08-19 05:48:28 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375326884 Rosie's Walk (Storybook) wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375328057 This resource offers children an opportunity to develop the skill of sequencing and this relates to the Comprehension concept, which is supported by Moss (2005) which states that story sequencing skills assists with comprehension, especially for narrative texts. Sequence structures help students of differing abilities construct and arrange information and ideas efficiently. This book allows teachers to ask inferring questions that helps to develop their comprehension ability.

]]> 2019-08-19 06:00:46 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375328057 Big Books wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375331793 This resource offers teachers opportunities to conduct shared reading sessions with children. This relates to the Comprehension concept, which is supported by Hill (2012) that states that enlarged books can be used to explore the conventions of print and the reading process. It also allows teachers to demonstrate decoding and comprehension strategies and engage in problem solving using structure and visual information. ]]> 2019-08-19 06:29:50 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375331793 How to develop phonics skills wendyh_91 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375342740 Provide and allow children opportunities to familiarize themselves with each letter and their sounds. Continued exposure to the graphemes and phonemes through meaning texts and contexts and knowing what the children need to learn will contribute to helping children with phonics (Victoria State Government, 2018). 

Teachers can utilize songs and flashcards as aids to assist their teaching. It is important for the teacher to ensure that children have fully grasped the knowledge of identifying and naming the letters before moving on to the sounds. 

Organizing games that involve using children's name in identifying the letters and sounds in each name can be helpful, as children's names are important to their identity (Hill, 2012). ]]> 2019-08-19 07:36:51 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375342740 Phonics Workshop wendyh_91 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375343215 This resource offers both parents and teachers to learn skills and methods on how to teach phonics to children, from an experienced and  recognized speaker.

It includes take home materials that can be used to assist the lessons in school and for parents to help their children get a head start in language learning. 

In addition, the skills and knowledge shared involves teaching children with additional needs. Which according to the Victoria State Government of Australia (2019), it is important to also ensure that the individual learning needs of all children are met. ]]> 2019-08-19 07:40:25 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375343215 Alphabet watch wendyh_91 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375345934 This resource offers both children and parents to be actively involved in the child's learning, and for teachers to use it as a form of communication with parents.

It allows children to decorate their own watches with the letter and sound they have learnt for the week. As children gets hands-on, it allows creativity, individuality and as well as taking ownership and autonomy in their learning. 

As families are the core of nurturing children's language skills (Swick 2009; Reese, Sparks & Leyva 2010; Bennett & Tayler 2006), actively involving the parents  holds them accountable to reinforce what the children have learnt, back at home, benefiting children's phonics skills. ]]> 2019-08-19 08:01:07 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375345934 Into The Book wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375359490 This resource offers teachers resources such as lesson plans and online activities to help them cultivate problem solving and comprehension skills in reading. Skills such as questioning, inferring and evaluating help the children in making meaning from texts.]

 This relates to the Comprehension concept, which is supported by the research done by Duke and Pearson (2002), which states that for children to effectively make meaning from texts, they need to have clear goals in mind for their reading and evaluate whether the text is meeting their goals. Hence, the resources will aid the teachers to cultivate these thinking skills in children.]]> 2019-08-19 09:25:12 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375359490 Sing-along songs wendyh_91 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375360166 This resource offers both parents and teachers a song they can use to teach the children phonemes. It also allow both visual and audio appeal to children for better interaction and learning. As supported by Hill (2012), the song's repetitive tune provides familiarity enabling children to sing along with ease and then remembering the phonemes.  ]]> 2019-08-19 09:30:49 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375360166 Alphabet recognition wendyh_91 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375361860 This resource offers children opportunity to familiarize, recognize and identify letters, as they read the given letters and then match them accordingly. Letter recognition is the building block towards learning phonics (Strickland & Cullinan, 1990). and this activity aims to achieve that. ]]> 2019-08-19 09:46:39 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375361860 Teacher Anecdotal Record Template wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375365478
This resource offers teachers an opportunity to keep anecdotal records on what reading strategies their students are using independently or during guided reading. 

This relates to the Comprehension concept, which is supported by the Education and Training Department of the Victoria State Government (2019) that explains that the principal goal of guided reading is to support students in using reading strategies while they read for meaning independently. The teacher guides the children in their reading by selecting a text by matches to the learning needs of the small reading group.Hence, the teacher need to make use of anecdotal records to keep track of the children’s learning needs.]]> 2019-08-19 10:25:41 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375365478 Word families wendyh_91 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375374691 This resource offers children to explore the different word families and allow them to learn word patterns. The words have similar sounds, it hastens children's learning as it helps them remember better (Hill, 2012). ]]> 2019-08-19 11:31:21 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375374691 Grammar Videos & Chants wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375379280 This resource allows children to learn about grammar rules, play word games and listen to songs that help them to understand and hear how grammar is used. This relates to the concept of fluency. 

According to the Education and Training department of the Victoria State Government (2018), another component of the teaching of fluency is the teaching of grammar and punctuation, which includes discussing word types like noun and adjective and explaining differences between commas, full stops and exclamation points.]]> 2019-08-19 11:59:47 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375379280 Words and Picture Bingo wendyh_91 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375379302 This resource offers children to find relation between the words and it's meaning through the pictures, allowing meaning-making which is necessary for comprehension of both texts and prints (Wilson, 2003). ]]> 2019-08-19 11:59:59 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375379302 Letterland wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375379494 This resource consists of stories that involve characters, which are based off of alphabets. The characters help children to understand the sound of letters and offers teachers to conduct shared reading sessions with children. The stories also explain the sounds letters make when they come together in words. This relates to the Phonics concept, which is supported by Hill (2012) that states that it is important to make phonics enjoyable to learn and creating stories around the alphabets makes the learning more interesting for children. Teachers can hold mini-sessions focusing on one letter using the short story that surrounds the same letter from the Letterland book.]]> 2019-08-19 12:01:19 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375379494 Mime Game wendyh_91 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375381674 This resource offers teachers to access children's understanding of words and sentences through decoding of the sentences given to them through problem solving and expressing them with their bodies. It also enable children to better relate to what they have learned and know, as according to Roskos, Christie, Widman, & Holding (2010), children learn better through play. Lastly, as children read to one another, the better readers encourages others to become good readers as well (Ontorio Ministry of Education, 2015).]]> 2019-08-19 12:15:16 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375381674 Sight Word Mastery wendyh_91 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375386150 This resource offers children to read print, decode, deduce and then apply their understanding. Children are required to read the picture, decode the name of it, and then analyse the first letter of it in order to complete the mystery word. According to Luke and Freebody (1990), these are the necessary skills towards becoming a fluent reader. ]]> 2019-08-19 12:35:48 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375386150 Fluency cards wendyh_91 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375389417 This source offers children to learn the flow and stresses of reading a sentence. Teachers can use sentences from books read in the class, and easily modify them as according to the needs of the children and the lesson plans. 

According to Luke and Freebody (1990), it is essential to provide critical practices for children in order to ensure fluency in children's reading. ]]> 2019-08-19 12:50:36 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375389417 wumanki5544 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375394238  
Carabott, K., & Cronin, T. (2019). Decoding: Reading and Viewing: Day 3. Singapore. Retrieved from https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/10445132/1a38b81dbd0d1327e28c87a1049d07cd/2019_EDF3034_Reading___1_.pdf

Carabott, K., & Cronin, T. (2019). Decoding: Reading and Viewing: Day 4. Singapore. Retrieved from https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/10445132/2c2902af2b8674082ce1522837bb7e5c/2019_Reading_2.pdf

Duke, N. K., & Pearson, P. D. (2002). Effective Practices for Developing Reading Comprehension. In What research has to say about reading instruction (3rd ed.) (pp. 205-242). International Reding Association.


Hasbrouck, J. (2006). For Students Who Are Not Yet Fluent, Silent Reading Is Not the Best Use of Classroom Time. American Educator, Summer 2006, 30(2).
 

Hill, S. (2012). Developing Early Literacy: Assessment and Teaching. South Yarra, VIC: Eleanor Curtain Publishing.


Moss, B. (2005). Making a case and a place for effective content area literacy instruction in the elementary grades. Reading Teacher, 59, 46-55.

Pearson. (2019, January 20). Why is reading so important? Retrieved from Pearson: https://www.pearson.com/uk/learners/primary-parents/learn-at-home/help-your-child-to-enjoy-reading/why-is-reading-so-important.html

Prescott, J. (2019, August 13). The Power of Reader's Theater. Retrieved from Scholastic: https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/articles/teaching-content/power-readerx2019s-theater/

Shomos, A. a. (2014). Literacy and Numeracy Skills and Labour Market Outcomes in Australia. Canberra: Productivity Commission Staff Working Paper. 

Texas Educational Agency. (2002). Comprehension Instruction. 4-8. Retrieved from http://www.netxv.net/pm_attach/67/TRI-Comprehension_Instr.pdf

Texas Reading Initiative. (2007). Fluency: Instructional Guidelines and Student Activities.

Victoria State Government. (2018, October 1). Literacy Teaching Toolkit: Fluency. Retrieved from Victoria State Government: https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/english/literacy/readingviewing/Pages/litfocusfluency.aspx

Wilson, M. (2003). Discovery listening – improving perceptual processing. ELT Journal(57), 335-343.

 

]]> 2019-08-19 13:09:15 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375394238 Tongue twisters wendyh_91 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375395118 This resource offers children to practice their blending skills as they try out the different tongue twisters. As children continue to learn new words, learning to blend words can help them to break down the words into syllables and then read the words with ease (Hill, 2012).]]> 2019-08-19 13:13:54 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375395118 Building words wendyh_91 https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375397643 This resource offers children the autonomy and creativity to create words using the blocks provided, increasing their vocabulary and language complexities (Victoria State Government, 2018). Teachers can also provide words cards that the children can use as a reference, to recreate the words with the blocks. This encourages both letter and words recognition and as well as decoding the words , all essential skill towards fluent reading (Hill, 2012). ]]> 2019-08-19 13:23:21 UTC https://padlet.com/wumanki5544/6umhs9rwfis9/wish/375397643