https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm en-us 2023-02-06 18:01:51 UTC 2023-06-02 18:54:44 UTC hello@padlet.com amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470529663 2023-02-06 18:04:11 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470529663 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470541689 Based on empirical findings found through observable facts. Can theorize the world- what happens can be explained. ]]> 2023-02-06 18:11:46 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470541689 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470547689 Thomas Hobbes. Marked by a constant power struggle and obstacles that stand in the way of peaceful cooperation based on power politics. Human nature= greedy + self interested. The state is the main actor in GP/international relations. States operate in an anarchy, where they pursue self-interest, survival and security above all else. No morality/ethics tied to survival. One states security= another state's insecurity (balance of power) ]]> 2023-02-06 18:15:46 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470547689 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470554899 John Locke. More optimistic. Centered in the belief of human rationality, constant commitment to internationalism + cooperation. Human nature= rational, moral. Other actors than the state. History is progressive, states have moved to a system of cooperation and peace. Trade + economic independence makes was less likely. International law fosters cooperation and holds other accountable. Individuals and institutions. Democracy reduces war between states (Democratic peace theory). ]]> 2023-02-06 18:20:22 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470554899 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470564502 -emphasizes the role of consciousness in global affairs and interactions. 
-known as critical theories, don't accept mainstream conclusions of realism/liberalism. 
-exposes biases and inequalities (no facts/theories, just critics)]]> 2023-02-06 18:26:31 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470564502 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470565261 Highlights inequalities to the global capitalist system]]> 2023-02-06 18:27:01 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470565261 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470566505 We construct value + meaning. People construct the world. ]]> 2023-02-06 18:27:49 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470566505 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470572435 1. Is never static. Who has it and how much they have is always changing. Realism-If you aren't taking action, you're being acted upon.
2. Is like water. It's everywhere and impacts all aspects of our lives
3. Is compounding. Power begets more power- same goes for powerlessness. ]]> 2023-02-06 18:31:43 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470572435 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470578382 2023-02-06 18:35:21 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470578382 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470580481 State or group tries to achieve aims through coercion. State A will force state B to do what it wants. State B is aware, but is less powerful (usually). ]]> 2023-02-06 18:36:44 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470580481 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470582444 State of group tries to achieve its aims through persuasion/influence. State A persuades state B. State B is or is not aware. ]]> 2023-02-06 18:38:00 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470582444 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470584093 Utilizing both hard and soft power. Ex. Economic sanctions. ]]> 2023-02-06 18:39:03 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470584093 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470592922 The idea that states ensure their security by ensuring one state doesn't become too powerful. ]]> 2023-02-06 18:44:41 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470592922 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470594398 When a state influences the political ideas and framework by promoting a model of politics they prefer. ]]> 2023-02-06 18:45:34 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470594398 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470596965 When a state has a relationship with another state. 
1. Threats + reward. Do what I want, I won't do what you don't want. Hard
2. Controlling the agenda. Limiting the choices of the other state. Soft
3. Establishing preferences. Getting the other state to want what you want. Soft]]> 2023-02-06 18:47:14 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2470596965 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482687822 Building connections through globalization. 
- a strategy for power
- connects populations but does not increase soft power. 



]]> 2023-02-14 23:17:19 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482687822 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482689540 Allows for actors other than the state to exert influence. 

Ex. Government risk their confidential info. to be leaked, must invest in cyber security. 

Note: this is more beneficial to to non-state actors. ]]> 2023-02-14 23:20:18 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482689540 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482689945 2023-02-14 23:20:56 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482689945 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482693842 One main power. The hedgemon]]> 2023-02-14 23:28:18 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482693842 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482703059 Two main powers. Competing, trying to gain the upper hand

]]> 2023-02-14 23:42:50 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482703059 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482703632 Equally spread power. All powerful and competing with each others. ]]> 2023-02-14 23:43:48 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482703632 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482707279 A State is an independent, sovereign government exercising control over a certain spatially defined and bounded area, whose borders are usually clearly defined and internationally recognized by other states. States are tied to territory. Sovereign or state as absolute ruler over territory.]]> 2023-02-14 23:50:02 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2482707279 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2505928509 -can be democratic or undemocratic
- internal sovreignty is weak (can't control people)
-Ex. Central African Republic]]> 2023-03-06 23:42:28 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2505928509 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2507847528 -A collapsed state
-Govt. has lost complete control
ex. South Sudan]]> 2023-03-08 01:56:07 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2507847528 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2507850652 -when groups in global politics rely on each other, have shared interests, or have an impact on each other
- Increased interdependence as the world becomes more globalized
Ex. Canada relying on other countries for COVID-19 vaccines
Groups- NATO, TNCs, civil society]]> 2023-03-08 01:58:35 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2507850652 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2507853100 The way states organize themselves, make agreement, and tackle shared challenges
-usually done through international organizations with clear rules]]> 2023-03-08 01:59:55 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2507853100 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2507854319 -when states are linked/connected economically
-the success or failure of their respective economies are linked
-usually though trade]]> 2023-03-08 02:00:54 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2507854319 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2507854927 -states political decisions have on other states]]> 2023-03-08 02:01:25 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2507854927 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2507856402 -organizations that stages join for the purpose of working together
-why?
legitimacy, persuasion, to save complex issues, protect military, economic power

Ex. United Nations is an IO]]> 2023-03-08 02:02:39 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2507856402 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2533973253 Universal- equally applicable to all people in all parts of the world
Inalienable- you are born with your human rights. No one can take them away from you. 
Indivisible- Diff. elements can't be separated. They are interdependent  ]]> 2023-03-27 22:32:00 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2533973253 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2533976379 freedom from something. 
Ex. freedom from slavery ]]> 2023-03-27 22:36:50 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2533976379 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2533976704 require actions, most commonly from the state's govt. 
Ex. Can go to school]]> 2023-03-27 22:37:21 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2533976704 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603727255 -Idea developed in Early Mdoern Europe by theorists such as Hugo Grotius, Thomas Hobbes, and John Locke. 
-Associated with divine authority and idea that human beings were creatures of God. 
-Natural= God Given/ being part of Human Nature]]> 2023-05-24 19:24:52 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603727255 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603733500 -As time went these started to become declarations that separated the government from certain elements of citizens 
- The US declaration of Independence 
- The French declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (1789) 
- The US Declaration of Independence (1776) ]]> 2023-05-24 19:32:38 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603733500 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603737257 -Adopted by the UN
-Sparked by the atrocities of WWII
- An attempt to prevent them from happening again
-declares that "all human beings are born free and equal and in dignity and human rights" 

]]> 2023-05-24 19:37:25 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603737257 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603741372 Freedom to live life without interference from those in power 
-OG advanced by John Stuart Mill (JSM) 
-"The harm principle" An individual should be able to do what they want unless it harms others 
-"All mankind are equal and independent, no one ought to harm others in his life, health, liberty, or possession]]> 2023-05-24 19:42:33 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603741372 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603744709 -Civil and political rights
-Earliest form of Human Rights
-advanced through French+American revolutions
-Right to life, liberty, and property
-Using (-) rights, which only exists with constraints

]]> 2023-05-24 19:46:50 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603744709 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603747171 -Economic, Social, and cultural rights. 
-emerged post WWII
-(+) rights
-Solo-economic rights
EX. right to work, right to education etc. 
-Socialist response to injustice and inequalities of capitalism]]> 2023-05-24 19:49:53 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603747171 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603748189 -Group and collective rights
-Rights attached to groups
-Not in UDHR, as the UDHR is a very individualistic document ]]> 2023-05-24 19:51:16 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603748189 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603748926 All people are treated equal, treated the same, and have the same values]]> 2023-05-24 19:52:16 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603748926 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603750112 UNSC- Intended to legitimize actions in the International system, as well as upholds peace and justice

]]> 2023-05-24 19:53:51 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2603750112 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2608012953 -Independent Court- brings justice to people that cannot be dealt with by a state's own court system ]]> 2023-05-29 16:02:46 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2608012953 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613150539 - purely economic terms
-emerges post WWII after the Bretton Woods zozcnferance 
-believes in state involvement to smooth out the highs and lows of cyclical economic recessions
-a response ro GD
-Global south would develop through capital injections and change to macro eco. policies]]> 2023-06-02 17:37:09 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613150539 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613151556 -The west provides a how to on what to expect in GS
-western states embody the ideal goal of development 
-purely eco. terms
-development towrads capitalism is simplistic and natural
-when capitalism is established, only then can society worry about wrlfare
-still dominant in the world]]> 2023-06-02 17:38:44 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613151556 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613152495 -book of 1937- distinguished traditonal vs modern societies
-traditional socitieis- characterized by a rudimentary tech, norms and values, substience economy]]> 2023-06-02 17:40:13 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613152495 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613153452 1. Traditional society-
2. exhibits a degree of capital mobilization (Banks and currency) and start to develop entrepenual class
3. Takeoff- Norms of eco growth are well established an sector ;ed growth becomes common 
4. Drive to maturity- growing eco diversification, greatly decreasing poverty, increasing living standards
5. Modernity- Increasing mass consumption, economy is highly oriented around the production of modern consumer goods, with affluence becoming widespread]]> 2023-06-02 17:41:41 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613153452 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613157080 -respinse to modrnization
-marxist influence
-look at the entire capitalist system
-the development of the GS is a result of the structural dependence of the GN
-leaves the GS underdeveloped and dependant on natural resources ]]> 2023-06-02 17:47:25 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613157080 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613157823 -1968 critique of mod. theory
-argued that rapid eco growth can destablilize politial instituions
-because of this, placed an emphasis on poli. order in development 
-democracy can come only after order]]> 2023-06-02 17:48:36 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613157823 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613159997 -became the bible for dependency theory
-argued that developemnt of the GN (the core) relied on the under developemtn of the GS (the peripheral)
-linked the relationshop to American slavery
-complete pull out from the world eco. because integration caused underdevlopment
-frank argued that GS must dettach from the glocal polii eco. and follow their own path to developemt 



PROS
- intro. internal factors that influence developemnt (history, colonialism)
-important critique to the dominant theory of mod. 

CONS
-product of cold war thinking'
-coulnt explain emerging eco.
-factors still soley focused on econ deveopment]]> 2023-06-02 17:51:21 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613159997 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613160675 -viewed the state as impediment to development
-argued for full trust in capitlaism and blamed the families int eGS on poor governnance
-invisbe hand, trickle down eco, privitization,deregulation, compare advantage

]]> 2023-06-02 17:52:23 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613160675 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613161222 lower taxation lower govt. spending. this reducation in spending is usally done in areas meant to support social programs. ]]> 2023-06-02 17:53:13 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613161222 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613162096 2023-06-02 17:54:40 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613162096 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613163125 -OPEC- org of the petroleum exporting countries put up global oil embargo (cut off supply) to countries in the west for poli. reasions
-the global price of oil skyrocketed]]> 2023-06-02 17:55:53 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613163125 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613163713 -Iranian revolution led to a oull back in oil production
- price of oil doubled]]> 2023-06-02 17:56:45 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613163713 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613165090 -in the 1960s, in an effort to develop their industries, latin American countries borrowed $ from international crediters (In the GN)
-when the orice of oil jumped, these countries needed to borrow more $
-subsequently, the calue of their exports dropped
-in order to control the high inflation in Us and Europe, the US increased the interest on their loans
-Gs couldnt sustain theirdebt, starting defaulting on payment. ]]> 2023-06-02 17:59:03 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613165090 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613165761 -burden falls on the weakest in society
-no protection for local businesses
-ked to the lost decade if developkent
-western ideals
-infringed on sovreignty of GS
-when growth stops, underdevelopment starts]]> 2023-06-02 18:00:08 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613165761 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613166369 the authority of a state to govern itself or another state.]]> 2023-06-02 18:01:08 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613166369 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613166964 2023-06-02 18:02:09 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613166964 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613169411 -have a specific agenda, usually geared towards human emancipation, freedom, equality
-focused on decontructing implicit power dynamics in development theory and development discourse

]]> 2023-06-02 18:06:23 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613169411 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613170108 -how we talk about something, what is said vs what is not
-idea that there is power in eevry discourse
-asks- who beneftis from this theory, who is disadvantaged
-discourse- breaking down implicit power dynamics present in the way we talk about things]]> 2023-06-02 18:07:23 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613170108 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613171045 -examines the impact that colonialism has had on development of the colonized 
-introduced the idea of neocolonialism
-states may have poli/eternal socvreignty, but theres still strong influence and control from the colonizer]]> 2023-06-02 18:08:50 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613171045 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613171675 -decontructed the discourse on the GS 
-argued that western perspectives on the orient have essentialized the GS as the exotic other
-solidief the us vs them
0the GS is esentially a western invention]]> 2023-06-02 18:09:52 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613171675 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613173327 -a new paradign in dev. thinking
-decontrusts development as a discourse
0influenced by critical theories and anti colinialism
-calls for alternatives to development
-grass roots momements, local knowledge, practices, reclaiming oneself
Ex. Zapatisa movement]]> 2023-06-02 18:11:56 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613173327 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613174083 -warned about the taking over the european constructed state post colonialism
-argued that post-col. states need to proceed with their own form of developemnt to suceed]]> 2023-06-02 18:13:13 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613174083 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613175389 -Amartya Sen
-idea that development is about expanding the richness of life, not just eco.
-includes expanding freedom, opportunity, choice, and capability to lead your life
-look at development holistically
-views income growth ad eco growth as a means to an end, but not the end in itself]]> 2023-06-02 18:15:12 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613175389 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613176763 -focuses on continuing global development in a way that meets the needs of the present without comprimising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
-2000: adoption of the Un millenium goals, targets to be acieved by 2015 ]]> 2023-06-02 18:17:17 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613176763 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613177780 -encourages countries to work together in order to create sustainable progress across 17 different areas
-each goal has a specific target tjat is intended to be reached by 2030]]> 2023-06-02 18:18:55 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613177780 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613179019 2023-06-02 18:20:27 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613179019 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613179866 a process of global interaction and integration. It occurs between people, trading entities, and govts. of all nations]]> 2023-06-02 18:21:45 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613179866 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613180461 increasing the integration and interdependence of global economies

]]> 2023-06-02 18:22:38 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613180461 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613180723 increasing the global governance beyond nations/states]]> 2023-06-02 18:23:00 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613180723 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613180993 -increased sharing of ideas, meaning across the world]]> 2023-06-02 18:23:27 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613180993 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613181853 -countries that are rich in resources but still underdeveloped
Ex. Venezuela ]]> 2023-06-02 18:24:29 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613181853 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613183929 Gn pays Gs because GN in developed, and emit more co2 than GS. Gn pays reperations so that GS can develop, since they are less wealthy and development requires wealth.
Note: Gn wants GS to develop in a different way than GN did- green development. There is no action plan to this. Gn doesn;t tell GS how to develop, because they don't know

]]> 2023-06-02 18:27:58 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613183929 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613184574 2023-06-02 18:29:13 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613184574 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613184949 -definition of peace that refers to the absence or missing of something
-the absence of war and direct violence]]> 2023-06-02 18:29:54 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613184949 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613185867 -along with the absence of violence, structual violence (violence embedded in social, economic, and political systems) is also absent
Ex. Norway ]]> 2023-06-02 18:31:28 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613185867 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613186215 negative peace is always fragile
-based on shfting configuartions of power in the international system or within a state]]> 2023-06-02 18:32:06 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613186215 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613186334 positive peace is sustainable and stable

]]> 2023-06-02 18:32:17 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613186334 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613187011 2023-06-02 18:33:07 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613187011 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613189326 -peace is the absence of structual, direct, and cultural violence
-peace is non-violent and creative conflict transformation

]]> 2023-06-02 18:37:01 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613189326 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613190052 -when a group is physically/mentally harmed through direct action
-straightforward, easy to ID
-possible to investigate and establish responsibility
-possible to measure
0possible to hold those accountable
Ex. ICC]]> 2023-06-02 18:38:20 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613190052 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613192025 -when power functions in a way that physiclaly or mentally harms indiviudals/groups
-a govt. commits this when it forcibly limits HD
-leads to suffering that could be prevented 
-often unchallenged/unacknowledged ]]> 2023-06-02 18:41:52 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613192025 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613192896 -embedded within all levels of society
-aspect of culture used to legitimize violence
-may be committed in private or ouboic
-Id'd in the mindset, beliefs, and values of a society
-potentiallu hard to eliminate ]]> 2023-06-02 18:43:27 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613192896 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613194067 -emphasizes peacefu; and nonviolemtn solutions in all disputes
-violence and war are unjustifiable in all ocntexts
-values, HR, ROL, strengthening international orgs to resolve conflicts]]> 2023-06-02 18:45:31 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613194067 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613195774 -the t=ethical theory of universalism puts forward the nption of a universal HN thtat trancends traditional boundaries of identity. In a universal view, universal values are theoretically possible]]> 2023-06-02 18:48:35 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613195774 amalm41 https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613196342 -the ethical theory of relativism suggests values tp be culturally and individually determined. In a relativist views, global agreements on the most fundamental aspects of human life are hence difficult to achieve]]> 2023-06-02 18:49:38 UTC https://padlet.com/amalm41/6trrycotg4720kfm/wish/2613196342