Although dolphins are regularly seen in the Norwegian Arctic in the summer months when the ice has melted, they have never been observed during winter or spring when the sea is usually still covered in sheets of ice.

 

But Norwegian scientists have reported a strong retreat of ice and two nearly ice-free winters in recent years which they said could have attracted the dolphins further north, where they probably became trapped by the sudden arrival of dense ice blown into a fjord by strong northerly winds, Aars said the bear he photographed had probably caught the two dolphinswhen they surfaced to breathe through a tiny hole in the ice..

 

After the first incident in 2014, a further five cases of dolphins stranded or captured and then eaten by bears have been reported. Sitting at the top of the Arctic food chain, polar bears are opportunistic predators that are also known to feed on small whales if the opportunity arises.

1. The purpose of the passage is to __________.

1.  identify the causes of dolphins reaching further north

2.  convince people that global warming is a serious issue

3. describe John Aars's findings about the Arctic

4. illustrate polar bears' food supply

 

2. According to the passage, polar bears normally feed on __________.

1. fish

2. seals

3. dolphins

4. whales

 

3. All of the following are reasons why dolphins are captured EXCEPT __________.

1. ice melting

2. sea level rise

3. strong winds

4. ice-free winters

 

4. The word "stranded" (line 12) is closest in meaning to __________.

1. left

2. spotted

3. attracted

4. found

 

5. What can be INFERRED from the passage?

1. Environmental changes have an effect on animals' habits.

2. People are the cause of melting glaciers.

3. Dolphins are on the brink of extinction in the Norwegian Arctic.

4. Polar bears travel great distances in search of prey.

 

British Airways and the airport owner, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, are investing £250m to recreate and customize Terminal 8, with additional stands, improved baggage systems and new lounges. Yet British Airways is to pump another £52m into the existing facility to see it through the next three years, to provide brand new lounges for First and Club World customers and an upgraded customer experience for all customers.

 

The move will make connections easier between British Airways' transatlantic services and American Airlines' domestic links. Some business passengers will welcome the move because it will allow them to switch easily between British Airways and American Airlines without changing terminals.

 

 

1. What is the most suitable title of the article?

1. Terminal 7 at JFK Overloaded

2. Terminal 7 Too Small for British Airways

3. British Airways Terminal at New York JFK Airport to Close

4. Airlines Team Up to Invest in Renovating Terminal 7

 

2. Terminal 7 will be closed down because __________.

1. there is a limited space for airlines to accommodate all passengers

2. JetBlue is interested in taking over the space to expand its capacity

3. passengers find it difficult to transit to another terminal

4. British Airways has a disagreement with other tenants in terminal 7

 

3. The word "demolished" (line 4) is closest in meaning to __________.

1. carried out

2. knocked down

3. accounted for

4. taken over

 

4. Which airline is based in New York?

1. British Airways

2. American Airlines

3. Iberia Airlines

4. JetBlue Airways

 

5. How much is British Airways to invest in Terminal 8?

1. Less than £52m

2. £250m

3. Between 652m and £302m

4. More than £302m

 

6. All of the following will be advantages of Terminal 8 EXCEPT __________.

1. more capacity

2. more convenient for transit passengers

3. better baggage handling systems

4. newer lounges

 

7. The word "it" (line 13) refers to __________.

1. British Airways

2. Terminal 7

3. the move

4. Transit

 

8. What can be IMPLIED from the article?

1. British Airways will be able to attract more passengers.

2. Terminal 8 currently accommodates American Airlines passengers.

3. JFK Airport is too old and needs to be renovated.

4. JFK Airport plans to upgrade larger terminals and boost its capacity.

 

9. Who will benefit from this change the most?

1. British Airways management team

2. The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey

3. British Airways

4. British Airways passengers

 

10. In which part of the news can this article be seen?

1. Business

2. Travel

3. Politics

4. Technology

 

Dan Rutherford, the report's author, said there could be 300 daily landings and takeoffs by supersonic jets at Heathrow airport, and the noise would affect twice as large an area as subsonic craft. Manchester and Gatwick airports would be less affected with around 10 and 20 flights per day respectively.

 

Rutherford said: "Separately, the UK could be impacted by sonic boom from flights between continental EU and North America. Central England could experience sonic booms about 50 times per day, or approximately once every 20minutes over a 16-hour flight day. In Ireland it could be much worse."

 

The supersonic jets are predicted to emit as much as 2.4 gigatonnes of CO2 Over their 25-year lifespan, taking up a fifth of the aviation sector's carbon budget for This century. After the US, the UK would be the second highest greenhouse gas emitter from the new jets, the ICCT says.

 

1. What is the most suitable title of the text?

1. Supersonic Flights Causing Noise and Greater CO2 Emissions

2. Time-Saving Supersonic Airplanes

3. Heathrow Airport Experiencing Sonic Booms

4. Statistics of the UK Greenhouse Gas Emissions

 

2. In the first paragraph, the author thinks that supersonic jets are _________.

1. unnatural

2. unaffordable

3. inconceivable

4. expeditious

 

3. Which country would be most affected by sonic booms?

1. The UK

2. Ireland

3. The US

4. France

 

4. According to the text, which is TRUE about supersonic jets?

1.  They burn five to seven times more fuel per passenger than standard airliners.

2. They create a loud noise.

3.  They are the most fuel-efficient aircraft.

4. They are the most impressively beautiful aircraft.

 

5. What can be IMPLIED from the text?

1. Supersonic jets are harmful to the environment.

2. Supersonic jets are one of the most expensive planes in the world.

3. The UK will overtake the US as the highest gas emitter.

4. Supersonic jets could cause disruptive sonic booms.

 

Born on 25 July 1905, Nonaka grew up in a large family and succeeded his parents running the inn, which is now run by his granddaughter. He has outlived his wife and three of their five children.

 

Nonaka, who enjoyed eating sweets, used to regularly soak in the inn's spring, and would move about in the inn in a wheelchair, wearing his trademark knit cap. He spent his retirement watching sumo wrestling on TV, reading newspapersand eating sweets and cakes.

 

Japan has one of the world's highest life expectancies and was home to several people recognized as among the oldest humans to have lived. These included Jiroemon Kimura, the longest-living man on record, who died soon after his 116th birthday in 2013.

 

The oldest verified person - the French woman Jeanne Louise Calment – died in 1997 at the age of 122, according to Guinness World Records.

 

Guinness officially recognized Nonaka as the oldest living man after the death of Spaniard Francisco Nunez Olivera in 2018.

 

 

1. The main idea of the text is __________.

1.  Japan's Masazo Nonaka is contrmed as the world's oldest living man aged 113

2. Japan is the world's highest in life expectancy

3. the Japanese secret to a long and healthy life is revealed

4.  Masazo Nonaka, world's oldest man, dies aged 113

 

2. The author's purpose is to __________.

1. encourage people to look after themselves

2. illustrate how healthy Masazo Nonaka was

3. confirm that Masazo Nonaka was the world's oldest man

4. give information about Masazo Nonaka's death

 

3. What is the cause of Nonaka's death?

1. diabetes

2. accident

3. death during sleep

4. sleep deprivation

 

4. All of the following are true about Masazo Nonaka EXCEPT __________.

1. three of his children are still alive

2. his wife already passed away

3. his family runs an accommodation business

4. his business has been running for four generations

 

5. The oldest person ever recorded is __________.

1. Masazo Nonaka

2. Jiroemon Kimura

3. Jeanne Louise Calment

4. Francisco Nunez Olivera

 

The figures, in a report by the cross-party thinktank Civitas, will fuel concerns that too little is being done to protect young people from Britain's housing crisis.

 

The report says the findings have profound implications for the government's housebuilding targets. It also notes a collapse in single living among those who do move out of their parental home, as young people are now far more likely to be living with partners or friends.

 

The study used data from the Office for National Statistics to look at average household sizes over long periods. The average size fell from 3.3 people per household in 1951 to 2.36 in 2001. However, it flatlined at 2.36 in the early 2000s and had risen to current figure of 2.39 people per household, the highest level since 1999.

 

This has implications for how many homes will need to be built in the future. The government develops its housebuilding targets using household projections, calculating how many households are likely to be formed in the future by looking at patterns over recent decades. Daniel Bentley, the editorial director of Civitas, said if the government failed toacknowledge the drop in the number of young people moving out or living alone, it will reinforce an undersupply for housing for decades.

 

The growth in young people living with their parents has been strongest in London, which saw a 41% increase between 1996-98 and 2014-15.

 

1. The main idea of the text is __________.

1. more young adults live with their parents

2. young adults prefer to move out of their parents' home

3. average house prices in Britain are continuously rising

4. the average household size in Britain is at its peak

 

2. The purpose of the text is to __________.

1. suggest to the government how to solve the housing crisis

2. encourage young adults to live with their parents

3. give information about the consequences of the housing crisis in Britain

4. warn young adults not to live on their own

 

3. What is the cause of young adults not moving out?

1. property tax

2. recession

3. taking care of their parents

4. housing shortage

 

4. How has the government handled the housing crisis?

1. The government has barely tackled the current housing crisis.

2. The government has encouraged young people to buy properties outs

3. The government has proposed several affordable housing projects.

4. The government has incentivized young people to stay with their parents.

 

5. The word "profound" (line 5) is closest in meaning to __________.

​1. serious

2. conclusive

3. marvelous

4. fundamental

 

6. According to the text, which is TRUE about the current average household size?

1. It has never been higher.

2. It has been rising steadily.

3. It has been collapsing continuously.

4. It has slightly increased from the beginning of the century.

 

7. The current average household size is __________.

1. higher than 2001

2. lower than 2001

3. at its highest

4. at its lowest

 

8. The word "it" (line 11) refers to __________.

1. the report

2. the government

3. the average household size

4. Britain's population

 

9. A couple of decades ago, young adults were less likely to __________.

1. live with their parents

2. live with their peers

3. live alone

4. live with their partners

 

10. What can be INFERRED from the text?

1. Younger people are finding it more difficult to move out.

2. Young adults prefer to live by themselves.

3. The government is planning to develop affordable housing projects.

4. The funding boost will help the government as it strives to build new properties every year.

 

But the extent of the damage, and the amount by which people need to cut back, is now becoming clearer. A study published by the Lancet calls for dramatic changes to food production and the human diet, in order to avoid catastrophicdamage to the planet.

 

The study sets out the targets for a daily diet to place consumption within the boundaries of the planet. They include a reduction in red meat consumption of more than 50%, and a doubling of the intake of nuts, fruits, vegetables and legumes. But in specific places the changes are stark. North Americans need to eat 84% less red meat but six times more beans and lentils. For Europeans, eating 77% less red meat and 15 times more nuts and seeds meets the guidelines.

 

Others have called for even more drastic changes to human diet to be made. Another study estimated that meat consumption had to be reduced by 90% to avoid unsustainable global warming, deforestation and water shortages.

 

So far the biggest change in our diets has come from a small but increasing percentage of people who identify as vegetarian or vegan:_________________. The trend towards a meat-reduced diet is largely being driven by young people. A study released this month by the analysts Mintel found the UK has overtaken Germany in the number of new vegan products brought to market. Another agency, Acosta, found 26% of millennials are currently vegetarian or vegan.

 

But by just focusing on personal consumption, a paradoxical situation has emerged where the number of people who consider themselves vegetarian has risen, but so has overall meat consumption because the population of the world is increasing, and many people who do eat meat are eating more of it.

 

This is why many are now calling for a shift in approach: towards a regime that can involve more people and be less rigid about the rules of meat consumption. Sometimes given the slightly clunky titles flexitarian or reducetarianism, advocates of this approach are not especially bothered if you eat a bowl of chicken soup every now and again. What is moreimportant to them is encouraging people to think about what they can do to reduce meat consumption worldwide.

 

1. What is the most suitable title for the article?

1. Could Flexitarianism Save The Planet?

2. A Vegetarian Diet

3. How To Cut Down on Meat Consumption?

4. The Virtues of A Vegan

 

2. The writer wrote this article to __________.

1. describe the meat eating crisis the world faces today

2. illustrate the impact of meat consumption on the environment

3.  give information about the drawbacks of excessive meat consumption

4. persuade people to become a flexitarian

 

3. The word "catastrophic" (line 6) is closest in meaning to __________.

1. dangerous

2. disastrous

3. successive

4. conclusive

 

4. What is TRUE about the third paragraph?

1. Europeans need to eat six times more nuts and seeds.

2. North Americans need to reduce meat consumption more than Europeans.

3. North Americans need to increase bean and lentil consumption more than Europeans.

4. Asians need to reduce meat eating the most.

 

5. According to the article, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT __________.

1. people are eating more meat than they should

2. meat consumption leads to deforestation

3. people who eat meat are eating more meat than before

4. the number of vegans is declining continuously

 

6. Which sentence BEST fits the blank in Paragraph 5 (line 17)?

1. Their answer to a global crisis is to swap out beef for cauliflower steak

2. Scientists say a drastic cut in meat consumption is needed, but this requires political will

3. People are used to thinking about food as a personal choice so we are accustomed to thinking about it in this category

4. Supporting policy initiatives and encouraging restaurants to broaden their menus can help

 

7. Which technique is being used in the sixth paragraph?

1. metaphor

2. parody

3. comparison

4. personification

 

8. The word "them" (line 30) refers to __________.

1. changes

2. rules

3. people

4. flexitarians

 

9. The tone of this article is __________.

1. disdainful

2. concerned

3. cynical

4. sympathetic

 

10. Where can this article be found?

1. an encyclopedia

2. an editorial

3. a lifestyle magazine

4. an international news section

 

The UK would be following in the footsteps of European counterparts if schools were to introduce a mobile phone ban, with French pupils being told to leave their smartphones at home when they returned from their summer holidays in 2018. Teachers in the UK have also complained about pupils being distracted or using the phones to take upskirt images of staff in the classroom.

 

Nick Gibb said he had concerns about the impact excessive phone use was having on children, and said the government would introduce lessons for pupils on how to limit their screen time. Schools obviously are free to set their own behavior policies but smartphones and mobile telephones should be banned inside school, and particularly inside classrooms.Children should be limiting their own use at home. Every hour spent online and on a smartphone is an hour less talking to family, and it's an hour less exercise and it's an hour less sleep. And of course it is a lack of sleep that research is showing can have a damaging effect on a child’s mental health 

 

However, Rutgers University in the United States last year concluded student scored the equivalent of half a grade less in end-of-term tests if they were allowed to use their devices for non-academic reasons in their classes.

 

Children will also be told to break off at least every two hours and avoid social media before bedtime, according to guidance from chief medical officer Dame Sally Davies. Parents will be told to limit children's screen time to protect their health.

 

1. The main idea of the text is __________.

1.  mobile phones have made young people more vulnerable

2. mobile phones should be banned from schools

3.  technology is being adopted by children at younger ages than ever before

4. children and teenagers need to know how to use mobile phones and wireless devices safely

 

2. All of the following are the consequences of excessive mobile use on children EXCEPT __________.

1. insomnia

2. sleep deprivation

3. moral laxity

4. poorer grades

 

3. According to the text, which of the following is TRUE?

1. Mobile phones pose no threats to children.

2. In France, children were not allowed to bring their mobile phones to school.

3. The UK has already banned mobile use in the classroom.

4. Children in the UK are not allowed to use mobile phones.

 

4. The author organizes the fourth paragraph by __________.

1. highlighting that mobile phones have made children more vulnerable

2. explaining the cause of excessive mobile use by children

3. introducing a solution to the excessive use of mobile phones

4. giving an example of an adverse effect of excessive mobile phone use on children

 

5. The tone of this text is __________.

1. informative

2. sarcastic

3. desperate

4. concerned

 

Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II was said to have constructed the luxurious Hanging Gardens in the sixth century B.C. as a gift to his wife, Amytis, who was homesick for the beautiful vegetation and mountains of her native Media (the northwester part of modern-day Iran). To make the desert bloom, a marvel of irrigation engineering would have been required. Scientists have surmised that a system of pumps, waterwheels and cisterns would have been employed to raise and deliver the water from the nearby Euphrates River to the top of the gardens.

 

The multiple Greek and Roman accounts of the Hanging Gardens, however, were second-hand-written centuries after the wonder's alleged destruction. First-hand accounts did not exist, and for centuries, archaeologists have hunted in vain for the remains of the remains of the gardens. A group of German archaeologists even spent two decades at the turn of the 20th century trying to unearth signs of the ancient wonder without any luck. The lack of any relics has caused skeptics to question whether the supposed desert wonder was just an historical mirage.

 

Recent excavations around Nineveh, near the modern-day Iraqi city of Mosul, have uncovered evidence of an extensive aqueduct system that delivered water from the mountains with the inscription: "Sennacherib king of the world...Over a great distance I had a watercourse directed to the environs of Nineveh."

 

Dr. Stephanie Dalley, who has spent the better part of two decades researching the Hanging Gardens and studying ancient cuneiform texts, believes they were constructed 300 miles to the north of Babylon in Nineveh, the capital of the rival Assyrian empire. She asserts the Assyrian king Sennacherib, not Nebuchadnezzar |I, built the marvel in the early seventhcentury B.C., a century earlier than scholars had previously thought.

 

Dalley explains that the reason for the confusion of the location of the gardens could be due to the Assyrian conquering of Babylon in 689 B.C. Following the takeover, Nineveh was referred to as the New Babylon, and Sennacherib even renamed the city gates after those of Babylon's entrances. Dalley's assertions could debunk thoughts that the elusive ancient wonder was an historical mirage, but they could also prove that the Hanging Gardens of Babylon are mislabeled and should truly be the Hanging Gardens of Nineveh.

 

1. The main idea of the passage is __________.

1. evidence of the elusive Hanging Gardens of Babylon is found 300 miles from Babylon

2. the Hanging Gardens are one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

3. he Hanging Gardens of Babylon have fascinated historians for thousands of years

4. the Hanging Gardens of Babylon have been one of the greatest mysteries since antiquity

 

2. How did people know about the existence of the Hanging Gardens?

1. oral tradition

2. a painting

3. written accounts

4. a piece of poetry

 

3. The clause 'archaeologists have hunted in vain for the remains of the gardens." (line 14) means __________.

1. archaeologists have found evidence at Babylon for the Hanging Gardens

2. archaeologists believe that the gardens were destroyed by war and erosion

3. archaeologists are not sure that the Hanging Gardens ever really existed

4. archaeologists did not find the Hanging Gardens of Babylon

 

4. According to the passage, which is TRUE about the Hanging Gardens?

1. They were destroyed in the sixth century B.C.

2. The technique used to conduct water to the Hanging Gardens was obsolete.

3. They are in the middle of the desert.

4. They are currently located in Iran.

 

5. According to the passage, the building of the aqueduct was __________.

1. astonishing

2. endless

3. mundane

4. mysterious

6. According to Dr. Stephanie Dalley, who built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon?

1. King Nebuchadnezzar II

2. King Sennacherib

3. Nineveh

4. Greeks and Romans

 

7. The author organizes the fifth paragraph by __________.

1. contradicting the common belief

2.  indicating where the Hanging Gardens of Babylon are located

3.  describing the evidence of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon which has been found

4. depicting the greatness of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon

 

8. The word "they" (line 31) refers to __________.

1. Babylon's entrances

2. Babylon and King Sennacherib

3. the Hanging Gardens of Babylon

4. Dalley's assertions

 

9. What can be INFERRED from the passage?

1. It is unclear whether the Hanging Gardens were an actual construction or a poetic creation.

2. Aqueducts were used to conduct water to the Hanging Gardens.

3. No definitive archaeological evidence has been found in Babylon.

4. The Hanging Gardens existed, but not in Babylon.

 

10. Who would this passage be most useful for?

1. tourists

2. historians

3. philanthropists

4. locals

 

At the same time, three electricity generation units at coal-fired power plants in the Latrobe Valley were out of action (two due to unexpected outages, one due to planned maintenance) which reduced the amount of available power. To make matters worse, the hot weather reduced the efficiency of the coal-fired power stations that remained online, furtherreducing the available supply of electricity.

 

These problems removed about 1,800 megawatts of electricity from the grid. To try to make up the shortfall, the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) dipped into emergency energy reserves and imported power from New South Wales, Tasmania and South Australia.

 

It paid heavy energy users such as Alcoa's aluminum smelter in Portland in western Victoria to power down, andencouraged consumers to conserve energy by delaying using appliances such as dishwashers. But even after taking these measures, the operator did not have enough power to meet demand in Victoria, and turned to its last resort option of loadshedding.

 

Just after midday, AEMO ordered electricity distributors to load shed, causing brownouts in different parts of the state on a rotating basis. Over the course of the afternoon, more than 200,000 customers experienced interruption to their power supply, with up to 100,000 customers being impacted at any one time.

 

Electricity distributors chose areas where demand was highest for load shedding, to achieve the maximum benefit of reduction in power use. But most affected customer had their power interrupted for no more than an hour. ________________. Typically, no compensation was made available when the market operator ordered power companies toload shed.

 

1. What is the most suitable title of the article?

1. Australian Energy Milestone

2. Problems with Energy Supply in Victoria

3. Victoria Now 100% Renewable Electrically Powered

4. Victoria Energy Warning

 

2. All of the following are factors of the cause of brownouts in Victoria EXCEPT __________.

1. high humidity

2. unusual high temperatures

3. air pollution

4. high demand for electricity

 

3. How many electricity generation units had stopped working unexpectedly?

1. none

2. one

3. two

4. three

 

4. The word "reducing" (line 8) is closest in meaning to __________.

1. ascending

2. exacerbating

3. underestimating

4. diminishing

 

5. The word "It" (line 12) refers to __________.

1. AEMO

2. Australia

3. Alcoa's aluminum smelter

4. A brownout

 

6. The author organizes the fourth paragraph by __________.

1. defining what load shed is

2. persuading people to reduce home energy use

3. describing the current situation in Victoria

4. explaining how AEMO decided to load shed

 

7. Which action did AEMO take to conserve energy?

1. compensating an aluminum smelter

2. charging higher energy cost

3. compensating power companies

4. investing in renewable energy projects

 

8. All of the following are true about load shedding in Victoria EXCEPT __________.

1. thousands of people were affected

2. it lasted up to two hours

3. it left the whole state without power

4. people will not be compensated for the curtailment

 

9. Which sentence BEST fits the blank in Paragraph 6 (line 23)?

1. Extreme temperatures and extended heatwaves elevate the risk of extreme peak demands on the network, and can limit generator capacity or lead to equipment failures

2. Greater investment in infrastructure would make the system less vulnerable to shortages following unexpected outages or natural disasters

3. Beyond the outlook for the coming summer, the market operator expects almost 6,000MW of new wind and solar to be added to the grid over the next two years

4. However, some parts of the state experienced outages of up to two hours

 

10. In which section of the news can this article be seen?

1. Business

2. Environment

3. Lifestyle

4. International

 

The study used data from Nasa's gravity recovery and climate experiment (known as Grace) and GPS stations scattered across Greenland to analyze changes in ice mass. This showed that Greenland lost around 280bn tons of ice per year between 2002 and 2016, enough to rise the worldwide sea level by 0.03 inches annually. If all of Greenland's vast ice sheet, 3km thick in places, was to melt, global sea levels would rise by seven meters, or more than 20ft, drowning most coastal settlements. ___________________.

 

The rate of loss has not been even, however, with the ice melting four times faster in 2013 compared to 2003. Researchers said this was driven by rising global temperatures from human-induced climate change as well as the North Atlantic Oscillation, a periodic weather phenomenon that brings warmer air to western Greenland.

 

The fate of Greenland's huge glaciers in the south-east and north-west has long been viewed as a key factor in global sea level rise but the Ohio State-led research suggests the ice fields of the island's southwest may prove an unexpectedly large source of meltwater.

 

Greenland's much larger neighbor, the Antarctic ice sheet, is also losing ice faster than previously thought. Antarctica is becoming an increasing concern, however, with ice vanishing at its fastest rate in recoded history. the world's largest expanse of ice is now losing around 219bn tonnes of ice a year, a trajectory that would contribute more than 25cm to total global sea level rise by 2070. Should the entire west Antarctic ice sheet collapse, sea levels would balloon by around 3.5m, albeit over a lengthy timeframe.

 

1. What is the most suitable title of the article?

1. The Underlying Causes of Ice Melting

2. Solutions for Greenland's Ice Sheet

3. Natural Climate Oscillations in North Atlantic Linked to Greenland Ice

4. Greenland's Ice Loss Not Mainly from Glaciers

 

2. The word "scattered" (line 5) is closest in meaning to __________.

1. stationed

2. experienced

3. spread

4. collected

 

3. Which sentence BEST fts the blank in Paragraph 2 (line 9)?

1. If global climate change continues at its current rate, the Greenland ice sheet may eventually melt entirely--but whether it meets this fate sooner rather than later could be determined by these two oscillations

2. Scientists have been gaining a greater understanding of how the two massive ice masses on the planet, in Greenland and Antarctica, are reacting to a warming ocean and atmosphere

3. Arctic ice loss has tripled since the 1980s, with melting in places such as Greenland and Alaska providing the greatest instigator of sea level rise while destabilizing the very ground underneath 4 million people's feet

4. The research provides fresh evidence of the dangers posed to vulnerable coastal places as diverse as Miami, Shanghai, Bangladesh and various Pacific islands as climate change shrinks the world's land-based ice

 

4. The word "this" (line 11) refers to __________.

1. faster ice melting

2. sea level rise

3. climate change

4. concern

 

5. According to the article, all of the following are causes of sea level rise EXPECT __________.

1. ice loss

2. global warming

3. record breaking low temperature

4. climate change

 

6. The author organizes the fourth paragraph by __________.

1. illustrating that the Earth's ice sheets are under attack

2. predicting the future of Greenland's ice sheets

3. contradicting the common belief that underestimates the danger of the climate crisis

4. pointing out that the southwest region of Greenland cannot be overlooked

 

7. All of the following are true about Greenland's ice EXCEPT __________.

1. it could contribute a rise up to seven meters in sea level

2. there is no glacier in the southwest region of Greenland

3. its ice loss could threaten coastal cities across the world

4. the rate of ice loss fluctuated from 2003 to 2013

 

8. The world's largest ice sheet is in __________.

1. Iceland

2. Arctic

3. Bangladesh

4. Antarctica

 

9. The author's tone is __________.

1. worried

2. indifferent

3. sarcastic

4. informative

 

10. Where could this article be found?

1. an editorial

2. a scientific journal

3. a lifestyle magazine

4. an encyclopedia